Yuav ua li cas tus pib kos duab yuav tsum tau kos

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-01-15 12:33

Qhov xav tau los nthuav tawm ib qho kev xav thiab kev xav los ntawm kev pleev xim tau muaj nyob hauv tib neeg thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis zoo li cov kws sau ntawv thaum ub ntawm cov duab kos duab pob zeb, cov kws kos duab niaj hnub muaj ntau qhov dav ntawm cov khoom siv rau kev muaj tswv yim. Qhov no, ntawm ib sab, ua rau nws txoj hauj lwm yooj yim dua, tab sis ntawm qhov tod tes, nws tso nws nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev xaiv uas tsis yooj yim rau tus pib los tiv nrog. Txhua tus neeg ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev pleev xim xav paub dab tsi yuav tsum tau kos rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txaus siab rau nws. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav saib ob ntawm lawv - xaum kos duab thiab pleev xim roj - thiab nrhiav seb cov khoom siv twg xav tau rau kev ua haujlwm.

miv kos duab

Qhov ntau ntawm cov khoom siv rau cov txheej txheem no yog qhov loj heev, tab sis kom xaus, txhua yam koj xav tau rau kev kos duab rau cov neeg pib tshiab yog:

• xaum;
• paper;
• eraser;
• riam rau cov xaum ntse.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv tus cwj mem

cov cwj mem txheem txawv feem ntau hauv qhov tawv, thiab lawv xaiv nyob ntawm seb koj yuav kos li cas.

Yog tias qhov no yog daim duab uas koj npaj yuav pleev xim tom qab, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov cwj mem tawv (qhia los ntawm tsab ntawv H). Txhawm rau tsim cov duab ntxoov ntxoo tuab lossis nplua nuj dub, nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov xaum muag muag (4B, 8B). Cov mem hluav nruab nrab (2B, HB, B) yog tsim rau cov duab kos duab thiab kos duab. Hardness thiab softness yog txiav txim los ntawm qhov piv ntawm graphite thiab av nplaum nyob rau hauv cov hlau lead. Cov av nplaum ntau dua, cov cwj mem nyuaj dua.

Lwm yam khoom siv mem hluav kos duab

Raws li peb tau pom lawm, cov npe ntawm yam koj xav tau rau kos duab nrog mem hluav suav nrog lwm yam khoom:

Paper. Rau kev kos duab, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob mos heev, txwv tsis pub nws yuav wrinkle thiab tsim kua muag nyob rau hauv lub zog ntawm cov eraser, yog li lub chaw ua hauj lwm ib txwm yuav tsis ua hauj lwm. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv daim ntawv Whatman nrog qhov ntom ntawm 160-180 g / m 2. Feem ntau nws yog muag hauv A1 nplooj ntawv, tab sis koj yuav tsum pib nrog A4 thiab maj mam txav mus rau daim ntawv loj.

Liab. Ib qho kev kawm uas yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv qub qub, nws tuaj yeem rhuav tshem daim ntawv los ntawm khawb thiab smearing nws, yog li koj yuav tsum siv lub tshiab. Nws kuj yog qhov zoo yog tias muaj ob txoj hlua elastic: ib qho yog ib qho nyuaj rau kev tshem tawm cov kab tuab, qhov thib ob yog mos, yas, uas yooj yim rau kev tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus me me

Riamrau sharpening xaum. Nws zoo nkaus li tias los ntawm cov npe ntawm yam koj xav tau rau kev kos duab, cov khoom no tsis yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij hais tias ntau yog nyob ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm tus cwj mem thiab categorically tsis pom zoo kom siv cov ntse ntse

Ua ntej koj yuav tsum ua kom lub ntsej muag kom tob txog 30-38 hli, thaum cov hlau lead yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm li ntawm 1 cm. Tom qab ntawd peb ntxuav cov hlau lead kom lub taub hau nyias. Thaum sharpened zoo, lub ncej (txiav ntoo ib feem) tsim ib tug ntse lub kaum ntse ntse uas tso cai rau koj tuav tus cwj mem yuav luag tiaj tus thaum hatching.

paj nrog roj pleev xim

Feem ntau ntawm cov masterpieces ntawm lub ntiaj teb painting tau tsim siv cov txheej txheem no. Tsis xav tias nws attracts ntau heev. Yog li, cia saib seb koj xav tau dab tsi rau kev pleev xim rau roj:

• paint;
• canvas;
• txhuam;
• thinner;
• palette.

Yuav ua li cas xaiv cov xim roj

Hnub no, muaj ntau yam xim xaiv, xim thiab xim. Ib tug novice artist tuaj yeem qhia cov xim dej-soluble - nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, nws yuav tsis muaj teeb meem nrog lub thinner. Lawv suav nrog cov kua dej ntxiv uas txhawb kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm dej thiab roj. Raws li rau cov xim, nws yog qhov zoo dua los pib nrog kaum lossis kaum ob lub raj, thiab tom qab ntawd saib seb cov xim twg tau noj sai dua thiab qeeb dua, uas tam sim ntawd dhau los ua qhov tsim nyog, thiab qhov twg tseem tsis tau kov. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev noj dawb feem ntau yog ntau dua li lwm cov xim.

Lwm cov khoom siv roj pleev xim

Canvas. Canvases sib txawv nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg (tuaj yeem yog linen lossis paj rwb), nrog rau qib ntawm cov nplej (zoo-grained, nruab nrab-grained thiab coarse-grained). Nws ntseeg tau tias cov nplua-grained zoo dua rau kev pleev xim nrog cov ntsiab lus nthuav dav, thaum pleev xim nrog qhov dav dav nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv coarse-grained sawv daws yuav. Txawm li cas los xij, tsuas yog kev paub dhau los yuav pab txiav txim siab seb koj xav tau dab tsi rau kev kos duab. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los yuav ib lub canvas twb npaj txhij thiab primed, vim nws yuav nyuaj heev rau tus pib los npaj nws ntawm nws tus kheej. Yuav pib nrog, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xaiv ib lub canvas ntawm cardboard, lawv pheej yig dua thiab nws yooj yim dua rau nws xaiv ib lub thav duab. Canvases ntawm lub stretcher yog kim dua, tab sis tuaj yeem mus yam tsis muaj thav duab, thiab tuaj yeem muaj ntau qhov ntau thiab tsawg

Txhuam. Roj pleev xim txhuam yuav tsum yog ib qho nyuaj heev, lub bristles yuav tsum yog springy. Natural bristle khoom khaws lawv cov duab zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis lawv kim dua. Muaj ntau ntau cov duab ntawm txhuam, thiab lawv cov kev xaiv yog nyob ntawm koj lub hom phiaj kos duab. Yuav pib nrog, koj tuaj yeem yuav cov khoom npaj tau (piv txwv li, manufacturers Pinax lossis Malevich), thiab tom qab ntawd yuav ntau ntxiv raws li xav tau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas cov txhuam hniav kom zoo - so nrog ib daim ntaub tam sim ntawd tom qab siv thiab yaug kom huv si nrog xab npum thiab dej kom txog thaum dej ntws ntshiab

Thiab. Raws li ib tug diluent, koj muaj peev xwm siv linseed roj, roj av los yog ib tug tee (ib tug sib tov ntawm dammar, linseed roj thiab turpentine). Nws yog tsim nyog los ua kom cov xim ntau duakua yog, piv txwv li, lawv tau thickened ntawm lub palette. Tsuas yog txhuam txhuam rau hauv nws thiab tom qab ntawd ntxiv cov kua no rau cov xim. Xwb, nyias tuaj yeem siv los tshem tawm cov xim ntawm txhuam

Palette. Feem ntau palettes yog ua los ntawm iav, plexiglass thiab ntoo. Ua ntej siv, ntoo palette yuav tsum tau lubricated nrog linseed roj thiab wiped qhuav, thiab tam sim ntawd tom qab ua hauj lwm, kom huv si ntxuav. Plexiglas tseem yuav tsum tau ntxuav tam sim tom qab siv. Cov iav palette yooj yim rau kev tu, cov xim tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tom qab ziab

Nov yog txhua yam koj xav tau pib kos duab. Dab tsi tshwm sim tom ntej tsuas yog nyob ntawm koj qhov kev tshoov siab xwb.