Classicism thiab Baroque: Kev Sib Piv Ntawm Cov Lus Qhia

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

kos duab ntawm 17th-18th centuries tsim ob qho kev zoo nkauj - classicism thiab baroque. Ob lub lauj kaub loj-Tebchaws Europe muaj nyob ib sab ntawm ob lub xyoo pua. Txawm hais tias muaj qhov sib txawv pom tseeb, lawv sib cuam tshuam nrog ib leeg. Thaum lub sij hawm lawv txoj kev loj hlob, classicism thiab baroque pom lawv tus kheej tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no thiab Lavxias teb sab architecture, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv duab puab, ntaub ntawv, sab hauv tsim thiab kos duab. Kev sib piv ntawm classicism thiab baroque, ob hom, ci, shocking thiab tshwj xeeb, peb yuav xav txog ntxiv.

History of Classicism

Classicism txhais los ntawm Latin txhais tau tias "ua piv txwv". Ib qho kev nco txog hauv European kab lis kev cai tau tshwm sim nyob rau xyoo pua 17th. Nws yog lub sijhawm ntawm kev txhawb nqa huab tais huab tais, txhua yam yuav tsum zoo tag nrho thiab nyob rau tib lub sijhawm luxurious, uas tuaj yeem pom hauv cov duab uas tsis muaj tseeb ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub.

Tus tsim ntawm cov style ntawm classicism yog Fabkis, qhov twg tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev ywj pheej thiab zoo meej ntawm tus txiv neej ya raws lisab ntsuj plig thiab lub cev. nruj, zoo tagnrho silhouettes nyob rau hauv architectural ensembles, ancient scenes nyob rau hauv painting thiab sculpture, nplua nuj tab sis restrained sab hauv kho kom zoo nkauj. Tag nrho cov no yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm classicism.

Nyob rau hauv Russia, qhov style no tau tsim nyob rau hauv Catherine II, nws lub siab xav mus rau Europeanize lub teb chaws tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim kho lub npe nrov architectural ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd.

Classicism yog ib qho classic, kev sib haum xeeb ntawm tib neeg thiab xwm, yooj yim thiab meej hauv nws cov kev coj. Cov style, qhov twg qee cov kev cai yuav tsum tau ua, pom nws tus kheej sai sai hauv lub palace kab lis kev cai hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees, Ltalis, Askiv thiab Russia.

History ntawm Baroque

Baroque txhais tau tias - "xoo", "nruj mus dhau". Ltalis tau los ua tus tsim ntawm no pompous style. Thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th - Lub Renaissance, lub zog ntawm Catholic lub hwj chim, kaj, siab tawv thiab majestic, nws yuav tsum tau impress. Tag nrho cov ntsiab lus txawv ntawm Baroque pom lawv cov embodiment nyob rau hauv lub nroog Catholic ntawm ltalis.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov tebchaws nyob sab Europe kuj tau txais qee yam cwj pwm thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm "loo" Italian style. England, Fabkis, Russia tau siv cov kab lis kev cai tshiab hauv lawv cov architecture thiab sab hauv los qhia txog lawv qhov kev ci ntsa iab thiab qhov tsis sib xws.

Tus qauv, tsom mus rau kev tsim kev tsis pom kev ntawm kev nplua nuj thiab khoom kim heev ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj, nrog rau cov nom tswv Italian, tom qab ntawd tau tshwm sim hauv txhua lub tebchaws Europe, Asmeskas thiab Russia. Thiab nws tseem yog ib tug khub uas tsis txawj tuag ntawm lub Koom Txoos Catholic.

Kev sib pivBaroque thiab classicism style

Ob hom tau mus ib sab rau ntau pua xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv muaj qhov sib txawv hauv keeb kwm thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim, hauv kev kos duab.

Kev sib piv ntawm classicism thiab baroque

Kev taw qhia	Classicism	Baroque
General	Ancient art yog coj los ua qauv. Simplicity, sophistication, meej thiab concise duab. Zoo meej rationality. Kev nruj, cov duab tsis sib xws, sib npaug ntawm cov ntsiab lus	Khoom kim heev thiab pomposity, ua qauv qhia kev nplua nuj raug coj los ua qauv. Muaj zog sib piv, theatricality. Vibrant nthuav qhia
Nyob hauv art	3D sib npaug sib xyaw, pom tseeb ntawm kab, cov khoom qub qub hauv kev kos duab. Lub ntsiab lus meej, txwv kev xav	Kev txhim kho sai ntawm kev nqis tes ua. Muaj zog, vivid kev xav. Cov duab zoo siab. Zaj lus paub tsis meej
Nyob hauv architecture	Cov ntawv nruj nruj. Scale. Zoo heev. Kev sib haum xeeb proportions, monumentality. Kev nruj nruj	Complex curvilinear shapes. Festive pom. Loj-scale colonnades, distortion ntawm proportions ntawm lub tsev. Xim sib txawv, qhov rais loj
Nyob hauv sab hauv	Nqis, cov ntaub ntawv tsis meej. Calm xim, nplua nuj simplicity. Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov duab geometric. Antique Ornaments	Ntau yam khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ci, kub, marble, lacquer. Complex ornaments. Painting ntawm lub qab nthab, cov rooj tog loj loj

Classicism thiabbaroque visual

Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm baroque thiab classicism yog khoom kim heev thiab tsis paub qab hau. Ob qho tib si yeej muaj kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv cov khoom kim heev ntawm kos duab thiab flamboyant architectural lug. Xav txog cov khoom nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm ob hom sib txawv ntawm tib lub sijhawm.

Classicism yog, ntawm chav kawm, Place de la Revolt thiab Pantheon hauv Paris. Isaac thiab Kazan Cathedrals nyob rau hauv St. Bolshoi Theatre hauv Warsaw. Cov duab nto moo los ntawm Jacques-Louis David "Napoleon's Hla Alps" zoo kawg nkaus qhia txog cov style ntawm classicism hauv kev pleev xim. "Psyche Awakened los ntawm Cupid's hnia" yog tus pej thuam nto moo tshaj plaws hauv classicism. Lub koom haum architectural "Apollo thiab Nymphs" yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm classical style, zoo kawg li ntawm nws txoj kev zoo nkauj.

Thaum baroque paub peb los ntawm Smolny Cathedral hauv St. Petersburg, Opera House hauv Odessa thiab, ntawm chav kawm, lub Koom Txoos Catholic hauv Vatican. Rubens thiab Caravaggio yog cov neeg pleev kob baroque tshaj plaws. Thiab Italian Lorenzo Bernini nthuav qhia rau peb txhua qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm Baroque hauv nws cov duab puab zoo nkauj.

Classicism thiab Baroque hauv architecture

Raws li peb tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov lus piav qhia thiab kev sib piv ntawm ob hom, qhov sib txawv ntawm Baroque thiab Classicism yog qhov pom tseeb. Nyob rau hauv lub tom kawg, qhov no yog ib qho kev thov rau feem ntau rau ancient architecture, nyob rau hauv lub baroque - mus rau cov khoom kim heev ntawm Catholic pawg ntseeg.

Classicism thiab Baroque hauv architecture, kev sib piv ntawm qhov piv txwv ntawm ob lub monuments zoo heev

Lub Basilica del Santa Croce, Ltalis yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm Italian Baroque. Distinctive nta - lush décor thiab ntau yamcov pej thuam ntawm facade. Sculptures, balconies, kab, cov duab complex ntawm lub tsev. Qhov chaw yog crowned nrog lub qhov rais loj loj - twb mus dhau cov qauv ntawm cov qauv tsim. Caryatids thiab Atlanteans, cov ntaub ntawv txawv txawv - tag nrho cov no yog cov cim ntawm Baroque.

Classicism yog Bolshoi Theatre hauv Moscow. Ntawm nws qhov piv txwv, peb tuaj yeem pom cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv hauv cov qauv no. Simplicity thiab conciseness. Monumentality thiab hnyav. Clear daim ntawv, kab. Cov qhov rais me me. Discreet stucco qauv ntawm lub façade nrog cov qauv tsim los ntawm lub ntiaj teb thaum ub. Ib daim duab geometric meej ntawm cov qauv. Cov xim zoo nkauj zoo nkauj thoob plaws hauv lub tsev.

Baroque thiab Classicist architecture sib txawv heev hauv kev sib piv. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, koj muaj peev xwm paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv ib leeg: lub pretentiousness ntawm lub Baroque yog striking, ntawm chav kawm, cov no yog complex architectural tej hauj lwm. Whereas cov tsev nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm classicism muaj li meej proportions thiab ib tug nruj tsos uas lawv involuntarily ua rau koj xav txog lawv grandeur thiab monumentality.

Classicism thiab Baroque hauv painting

Los ntawm tib lub sijhawm, classicism thiab baroque, txawm li cas los xij, muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb hauv kev kos duab.

Michelangelo yog ib tus kws ua yeeb yam Italian nto moo tshaj plaws uas tau teeb tsa tus qauv tshiab hauv kev pleev xim - baroque. Cov no feem ntau yog cov dab neeg kev cai dab qhuas, cov duab tiag tiag, kev xav ntawm lub neej ntawm tib neeg. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xim, lub teeb thiab twilight, ntau yam khoom siv hauv tsev, realism ntawm kev xav. Followers ntawm no style nyob rau hauv kos duab - AnnibaleCarracci thiab Guido Reni.

Classicism tsis tshua muaj duab, tab sis Greek thaum ub tau coj los ua lub hauv paus. Raphael, Giulio Romano ntawm lawv cov canvases qhia txog lub cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov cim los saum ntuj. Cov zaj dab neeg txias txias ntxim nyiam nrog lawv cov lus qhia, tsis muaj dab tsi superfluous, zoo-xav-tawm-tsim cov ntsiab lus thiab qhov chaw nyob ib puag ncig cov cim.

Nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev sib piv ntawm cov qauv kos duab ntawm classicism thiab baroque. Ua ntej, nws yog lub siab xav tiag tiag ntawm lub baroque, lub zog ntawm zaj dab neeg thiab cov yeeb yuj ntawm cov dluab, thiab qhov thib ob, qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov dab neeg qub qub, nkag siab thiab ua tiav hauv nws qhov tshwm sim.

Sib piv ntawm classicism thiab baroque hauv sab hauv

Ntxiv rau cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab thiab zoo kawg architectural monuments, baroque thiab classicism tau tshwm sim nyob rau sab hauv tsev thiab chav. Tom ntej no - kev sib piv ntawm classicism thiab baroque hauv kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm thaj chaw.

Ob tus qauv no coj lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb rau sab hauv. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws kim heev. Hauv ob qho xwm txheej, nws yog khoom kim heev thiab kev nplua nuj. Thiab tom qab ntawd peb tuaj yeem tham txog xim. Baroque yog ib txwm ci, ib txwm kub, marble, lacquered nto. Ntau yam khoom ntxiv, cov duab ntawm cov rooj tog thiab cov qauv zoo sib xws ntawm canopies thiab lub rooj zaum upholstery. Tau kawg, qhov no yog qhov kev zoo nkauj uas koj xav raus koj tus kheej hauv, txhua yam uas koj xav kawm. Kev qhuas thiab pom zoo, cov vaj ntxwv twg nyiam heev.

Classicism hauv qhov no ua si sib piv nrog Baroque. subdued pastel xim,kev sib haum xeeb. Calm, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg majestic sab hauv tau tsim, theej, soothe, tsis txhob cuam tshuam. Feem ntau lub teeb xim, clarity ntawm kab, qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov yam ntxwv sab hauv, txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog tsis muaj nws ntxim nyiam.

Classicism thiab Baroque hauv Russia

Ob hom no tuaj rau Russia nyob rau xyoo pua 18th. Tsarist Russia tau nyob ze nrog cov xeev nyob sab Europe thiab tsis xav tso tseg hauv lub sijhawm los ua kom pom nws qhov kev ua tau zoo.

Baroque thiab classicism hauv Lavxias architecture yog embodied feem ntau los ntawm Rastrelli. Nws yog nws uas tau koom nrog kev tsim kho thiab kev tsim kho lub tsev loj ntawm St. Petersburg thaum lub sijhawm ntawd. Lawm, cov qauv yog Russified, txais yuav lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm ob qho kev qhia, tsoos Lavxias teb sab architecture tau khaws cia. Lub Smolny Monastery yog kab tias tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Baroque hauv St. Petersburg, thaum "qhov tseem ceeb" ntawm classicism yog, ntawm chav kawm, Kazan Cathedral. Architects V. Bazhenov, M. Kazakov, I. Starov sawv ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm no style nyob rau hauv Russia, lub tsev teev ntuj thiab tsev ua raws li lawv designs yuav pom nyob rau hauv Moscow.

Baroque thiab classicism ua lub luag haujlwm loj hauv Lavxias architecture. Ob leeg nyob rau hauv keeb kwm tshwm sim - lub founding ntawm St. Petersburg, lub Moscow tshiab, thiab nyob rau hauv lub sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Lavxias teb sab classic writers.

Tam sim no nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog peb lub nroog yam tsis muaj Hermitage, Academy of Sciences thiab Tauride Palace.

Classicism thiab Baroque hauv peb lub sijhawm

Nyob hauv ntiaj teb no, cov kws tsim vaj tsev feem ntau tig mus rau baroque thiab classicism, sib piv thiab sib xyaw cov qauv no. Sijhawmvaj ntxwv thiab huab tais tau dhau mus lawm, tab sis txoj kev hlub ntawm khoom kim heev thiab grandeur tseem nyob. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pom cov tsev fuabtais niaj hnub no hauv Baroque style qhov chaw ntawm Rublyovka lossis classicist dacha ntawm lwm tus oligarch hauv lub zos Nirvana ze St. Petersburg.

Nyob hauv lub tsev so Trezzini koj tuaj yeem raus koj tus kheej hauv cov khoom kim heev ntawm vajntxwv, thiab hauv lub tsev noj mov Empire koj tuaj yeem saj cov tais diav ntawm cov vajntxwv niaj hnub no. Tab sis qhov no yog qhov khoom kim heev niaj hnub no, txawm tias nws tseem tsis tau muaj rau txhua tus.