Qhov txawv ntawm qhov siab nyem thiab bas-relief, nrog rau lwm yam kev nyem

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Bas-reliefs thiab reliefs siab yog ib hom duab puab. Lawv siv thaum muaj ntau cov cim hauv cov duab puab uas nws yuav loj dhau yog tias nws tau ua peb-seem. Feem ntau lawv yog ib feem ntawm cov qauv architectural. Cov kev pab muaj nyob rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub palaces thiab cov tuam tsev - ob qho tib si Greek thiab lwm haiv neeg thaum ub, thiab cov ntseeg.

Landforms

Cov ntaub ntawv nyem tseem ceeb yog bas-relief thiab nyem siab. Ntxiv rau lawv, ob hom kev nyem ntxiv yog qhov txawv: counter-relief thiab koilanaglyph. Cov ntsiab lus no tsis tshua paub, vim tias tej hauj lwm ntawm kev kos duab uas lawv piav qhia yog tsis tshua muaj hnub no thiab feem ntau yog los ntawm ancient civilizations los yog ib tug siv tau. Raws li txoj cai, cov neeg uas tuaj hla cov ntsiab lus no txhawj xeeb txog ib lo lus nug: qhov sib txawv ntawm bas-relief thiab siab nyem. Qhov no tsis yog xav tsis thoob - lawv zoo sib xws hauv lawv cov qauv thiab hauv lub tswv yim ntawm cov duab convex rau saum npoo. Zoo, ces nws tsim nyog nthuav tawm qhov zais cia.

Bas-relief

Yog li, qhov txawv ntawm bas-relief thiab siab nyem yog dab tsi? Cov lus teb yuav luv luv: hauv qhov tob. Lub bas-relief yog ib qho yooj yim nyem. Lub sij hawm los ntawm Fabkis bas-relief, uasxav tias yog daim ntawv taug qab los ntawm Italian bassorilievo - qis nyem. Cov duab yog, raws li nws tau, nias rau hauv qhov chaw thiab tawm ntawm nws tsuas yog ib nrab los yog tsawg dua. Bas-reliefs yog qhov nrov tshaj plaws. Lawv tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub Hnub Nyoog Pob Zeb thiab pom nyob rau hauv architecture ntawm tag nrho cov ancient kab lis kev cai. Nyob rau hauv ancient Greece thiab Rome, lawv feem ntau muaj nyob rau ntawm pediments ntawm lub tuam tsev. Bas-reliefs tseem siv niaj hnub no. Ntxiv mus, lawv decorate tsis tau tsuas yog architectural lug, tab sis kuj lub nto ntawm npib, medals, monuments.

Kev nyem siab yog nyem siab. Lo lus los ntawm Fabkis txoj hautrelief, uas txhais tau tias "siab nyem". Ntawm nws, cov duab tuaj yeem nce mus rau 1/2 ntawm qhov tob, thiab ua tiav protrude thiab voluminous. Lawv pom nyob rau hauv ancient kos duab, ntawm triumphal arches. Nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance, lawv tau pib siv los ua ib qho kev nthuav qhia kev xav.

Tom qab ntawd, tom qab kev hloov pauv mus rau Mannerism thiab tom qab ntawd Baroque, lawv tau txais cov qauv zoo nkauj thiab txawv txawv, uas tau hais los ntawm kev xav tsis thoob ntawm cov sculptors. Nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Bernini, piv txwv li, ib tug tuaj yeem pom ib daim ntawv hloov pauv ntawm lub siab nyem uas tau tshwm sim tag nrho los ntawm qhov chaw thiab ib pawg sculptural. Ib qho piv txwv yog "Lub Ecstasy ntawm St. Teresa", cov ntsiab lus uas qhia txog kev zoo siab, kev zoo siab.

Qhia qhov txawv

Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab nyem thiab bas-relief, raws li twb tau hais meej lawm los ntawm lawv cov lus piav qhia, pom ntawm qhov chaw. Thiab tseem, nws puas yooj yim rau kev paub qhov txawv ntawm lawv rau ib tus neeg uas tsis ua haujlwm nrog kev kos duab? Muaj ib qho ntxivyam uas yuav pom thiab hnov. Nws yog ib qho kev sib haum xeeb nrog qhov chaw. Lub bas-relief feem ntau txawv los ntawm kev hloov pauv me ntsis - nws cov duab feem ntau flattened, uas tuaj yeem pom ob qho tib si ntawm lub façade ntawm cov tsev thiab ntawm cov nyiaj npib lossis tais diav. Nws yog ib qho kev sib koom ua tiav nrog rau saum npoo uas nws tau piav qhia. Txawm tias qhov kev xav pom tseeb tshaj plaws tsis tuaj yeem cais cov duab tso rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau. Siab nyem feem ntau nyiam sib cais. Cov duab yog ntau voluminous thiab nws proportions yog khaws cia. Nws gravitates rau sculptural muaj pes tsawg leeg. Yog tias koj npau suav txog, koj tuaj yeem xav txog nws cais tawm ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov yam ntxwv sib txawv ntawm bas-relief thiab siab nyem. Yog hais tias qee cov ntsiab lus protrude thiab tsis txuas rau keeb kwm yav dhau - lub taub hau ntawm tus phab ej, tus nees ntawm tus nees, qhov no tsis tuaj yeem yog bas-relief. Yog li tam sim no koj tuaj yeem ntseeg tau pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov siab nyem thiab bas-relief!

Txoj kev nyem thiab coilanaglyph

Txoj kev nyem, raws li lub npe qhia, yog ib yam dab tsi cuam tshuam rau kev nyem, uas yog, kev nyuaj siab nyem, qhov twg cov recesses yuav sib haum mus rau lub protrusions. Feem ntau nws yog siv nyob rau hauv matrices thiab seals. Cov luam ntawv, zoo li, piv txwv li, cov duab ntawm lub npib, hloov mus ua ib qho bas-relief. Nyob rau hauv avant-garde kos duab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, lub tswv yim ntawm counter-relief yog rethought thiab endowed nrog lub ntsiab lus tshiab. Tus kws kos duab thiab tus tsim qauv Tatlin hu ua counter-reliefs peb-dimensional compositions ntawm cov khoom uas txuas rau phab ntsa lossis ob phab ntsa. Cov hauj lwm ntawm kev kos duab no tsis muaj qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom tsis muaj dab tsi cuam tshuam nrog cov phab ntsa thiab yog cov ntoo, ntawv, hlau lossis cov hlua ncab,ua ke mus rau hauv ib tug whimsical muaj pes tsawg leeg. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb qhia tias qhov sib txawv no los ntawm Pablo Picasso.

Koylanaglyph tsis tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau kev pab txhua. Nws yog ib qho duab nrog kev pab ntawm qhov tob contours, kab khawb rau hauv pob zeb. Koj tuaj yeem ntsib koilanaglyphs hauv kos duab ntawm Ancient Egypt.

Tam sim no koj paub tseeb tias qhov txawv ntawm lub pob nyem nyem thiab lub siab nyem, nrog rau dab tsi yog lub tsho nyem thiab lub coilanaglyph yog dab tsi. Nws yog qhov nthuav ntau dua rau tus neeg muaj kev paub txog kev xav txog kev tsim vaj tsev thiab cov duab puab!