Reference thiab bibliographic apparatus ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv: piav qhia, muaj pes tsawg leeg, yuav tsum tau thiab cov cai

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Txhua lub tsev qiv ntawv, tsis hais nws txoj kev taw qhia, muaj cov khoom siv thiab phau ntawv teev lus. Nws yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom nkag siab txog nws, vim tias nws yuav tso cai rau koj kom pom cov khoom koj xav tau sai. Cov ntaub ntawv yog ib qho kev pab uas txhua tus neeg xav tau, tab sis muaj ntau ntau, yog li koj yuav tsum tau npaj cov kev tshawb fawb kom raug.

Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov txuj ci no tso cai rau cov kws sau ntawv ua lawv txoj haujlwm sai: pab cov neeg nyeem kom tau txais cov ntaub ntawv sai thiab raug.

Cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab phau ntawv sau cia yog kev sib xyaw ntawm txhua cov khoom siv hauv tsev qiv ntawv (cov ntawv tseeb, cov ntawv siv, cov ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb) uas muaj rau kev muab cov ntaub ntawv.

Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab cov khoom siv hauv phau ntawv ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv

Tam sim no cia wb mus saib seb cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev qiv ntawv muaj dab tsi. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias ob daim ntawv thiab xov tooj hluav taws xob muaj nyob ntawm no.

1. Catalogs (los ntawm Greek "cov npe") yog cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb uas qhia lub npe thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv sau. Kujtej zaum yuav muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv indexes los yog index cards (cov ntaub ntawv), cov no yuav tsum tsis txhob totaub nrog nyeem ntawv.

Hom npe muaj raws li hauv qab no:

A) systematic (kev lag luam) catalog - ib lub koom haum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv uas cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam (section).

B) qhov ntsuas ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv kuj yog ib hom ntawv teev npe, sau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov tsev qiv ntawv nyiaj. Nws txawv ntawm daim npav system uas cov ntaub ntawv raug txheeb raws li cov npe ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv hauv cov ntawv sau. Yog tias lub xeem tsis paub, siv thawj tsab ntawv ntawm lub npe ntawm txoj haujlwm.

Cov no yog hom tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia hauv cov tsev qiv ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam ntxiv, piv txwv li:

• geographical (sau ua raws li qhov chaw ntawm qhov chaw tshaj tawm);
• chronological (los ntawm lub sijhawm tshaj tawm);
• tus lej (nyob ntawm tus lej uas tau muab rau txhua tsab ntawv thaum nkag mus rau hauv tsev qiv ntawv).

Lawv muaj yog vim kev coj ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv siv; tsim thiab pom zoo ib leeg los ntawm txhua lub koom haum.

Yog tias peb tham txog qib ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav kev ua tau zoo, ces, tau kawg, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws, tso cai rau koj kom pom cov ntaub ntawv koj xav tau sai thiab raug. Ob qho tib si ntau thiab kev tshaj xov xwm, nrog rau cov chaw nkag mus rau tej thaj chaw deb (uas yog, tau txais los ntawm Is Taws Nem) tuaj yeem siv.

2. Cov peev txheej ntawm cov ntawv luam tawm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov tsev qiv ntawv. Nws muaj pes tsawg leeg kuj nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv.

Nws suav nrog:

• encyclopedias (feem ntau universal);
• encyclopedic phau ntawv txhais lus (kev piav qhia, hom lus, hom lus, phau ntawv txhais lus ntawm cov ntsiab lus) thiab cov phau ntawv siv;
• decrees thiab daws teeb meem (cov ntaub ntawv tsim cai);
• yav dhau los references;
• cov lus qhia thiab daim ntawv qhia hnub.

Kev koom tes ntawm SBA Library

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov tsev qiv ntawv yog txhawm rau txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab cov khoom siv hauv phau ntawv teev lus hauv ib txoj hauv kev los pab txhawb lawv txoj haujlwm thiab kev ywj pheej ntawm cov qhua. Cov txheej txheem no muaj ob peb ntu:

1. Kev tsim qauv (tus lej lub thawv thiab tsim cov ntawv cim npe).
2. Kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm sab hauv (ci, sib cais sib cais uas pab koj sai sai nrhiav cov khoom tsim nyog; lawv tuaj yeem ua rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov ntawv, cov lus lossis cov lej).
3. Tsim daim ntawv hla tebchaws rau txhua phau ntawv teev npe (lub koom haum thiab sijhawm muab tso ua ke, npe ntawm ntu, ntim ntawm txhua tus).
4. Daim npav tsim (cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv, cov lej thiab cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg).

Tsis tas li ntawd, lub koom haum SBA suav nrog kho cov npe. Tej zaum nws yuav cuam tshuam rau tag nrho cov complex lossis qee qhov ntawm nws qhov chaw.

Library Specialization

Raws li tau hais ua ntej lawm, qhov sib xyaw ntawm SBA feem ntau nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv, yog li cia peb saib cov lus qhia muaj nyob.

SBA yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov menyuam yaus lub tsev qiv ntawv, vim tias cov tub ntxhais hluas xav tau qhov kev nthuav qhia tseeb ntawm cov khoom zoo, thiab mus rau hauvnyuaj heev rau lawv.

SBA Children's Libraries

Thaum ua haujlwm nrog cov peev txheej ntawm kev siv cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv cov menyuam yaus lub tsev kawm ntawv, kev saib xyuas ntau yog them rau kev tsim. Nws yuav tsum ci, muaj yeeb yuj, ua rau lub siab xav tau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog ib yam dab tsi. Kev siv tshuab computer yuav pab kom tus menyuam ntxim nyiam thiab ua rau cov txheej txheem kev txawj ntse yooj yim dua.

Nws tsim nyog them nqi rau qhov kev nthuav qhia ntawm cov khoom hauv kev ua si. Tsim ntau yam kev mus ncig ua si, kev ua ub no hauv lub siab ntawm "Science for the Curious" yuav muab kev xav paub thiab kev hlub ntawm phau ntawv rau txhua tus menyuam yaus. Kev sib tham sib tham hauv phau ntawv-themed games los pab cov menyuam yaus taug kev hauv kev lag luam.

Thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev kom nco ntsoov tias cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog preschool tseem tsis tau npaj ua haujlwm tshawb fawb ntawm lawv tus kheej. Tab sis cov tsev kawm ntawv theem pib thiab theem nrab tuaj yeem kawm paub ua haujlwm nrog cov phau ntawv siv thiab cov ntawv xov xwm.

Kev sib txuas lus nrog cov niam txiv kuj tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov menyuam lub tsev qiv ntawv. Lawv yuav tsum tau qhia txog cov ntawv nyeem nrog lawv cov menyuam.

Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov menyuam yaus lub tsev qiv ntawv tau muab rau lub ntsiab lus ib puag ncig thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm thaj av ib txwm muaj.

Homeland Library

Cov lus siv hauv zos thiab cov ntaub ntawv teev cia ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog thaj av.

Nws suav nrog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ncauj lus hauv qab no:

• history;
• kev lag luam;
• ecology;
• geography;
• kev lag luam thiab kev ua liaj ua teb;
• science thiabkev kawm;
• kos duab thiab kab lis kev cai (nrog rau cov dab neeg).

Ntxiv rau, cov ntawv teev npe thiab daim npav suav nrog cov ntawv, ntawv xov xwm clippings txog tus kheej tseem ceeb thiab cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam.

School Library Foundation

Feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv thiab phau ntawv teev lus ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv hauv tsev kawm yog cov ntaub ntawv kawm. Cov no suav nrog:

1. Tutorials.
2. Teaching aids and notebooks.
3. Cards.
4. Cov ntawv luam tawm, uas yog: phau ntawv txhais lus (cov lus txawv teb chaws, cov lus piav qhia, lus piav qhia thiab ntau ntxiv); encyclopedias (ntawm cov ncauj lus lossis cov ceg ntawm kev paub).
5. software ntawv tseeb.

Cov ntsiab lus feem ntau yog faib raws qib lossis hnub nyoog.

Txoj Cai thiab cov cai rau SBA cov tsev qiv ntawv

Lawv yog:

1. Accessibility. Tus nyeem ntawv yuav tsum tau txais cov ntaub ntawv ntawm txhua yam uas nws nyiam. Ua li no, SBA yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab nthuav dav.
2. Science. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tsim cov peev nyiaj siv ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv yuav tsum tau sau los ntawm cov kws tshaj lij hauv thaj chaw tshwj xeeb thiab muaj qhov tseeb qhov tseeb.
3. Yooj yim siv. Catalogs, phaib thiab cov ntaub ntawv txee yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev uas txhua tus nyeem ntawv tuaj yeem tau txais cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog sai thiab zoo, suav nrog nws tus kheej.

Reference and bibliographic apparatus of the librarymuaj ntau qhov chaw: catalogs thiab cov ntaub ntawv txee, ib qho nyiaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv, phaib thiab cov tsiaj ntawv indexes. Cov npe tshwj xeeb yog nyob ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm lub tsev qiv ntawv thiab tau pom zoo rau txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv tus kheej.

Txawm li cas los xij, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm SBA hauv txhua lub tsev haujlwm yog tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv sai sai ntawm kev thov ntawm cov qhua, muab cov khoom zoo, ua tiav thiab raug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv txoj hauv kev uas tus nyeem ntawv, yog tias tsim nyog, tuaj yeem nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lawv tus kheej.

Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav muaj lub tswv yim me ntsis txog SBA, nws txoj haujlwm thiab lub koom haum, hais txog dab tsi ntxiv rau hauv zos keeb kwm, tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev qiv ntawv menyuam yaus.

Peb cia siab tias qhov no yuav pab ua haujlwm thiab tshawb nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog.