2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Lub xyoo dhau los tau muab ntau tus kws sau ntawv txawj ntse rau noob neej. Cov kws sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm lub ntiaj teb kev ntxhov siab thiab kev hloov pauv, uas tsis pom nws qhov kev xav hauv lawv cov haujlwm. Txhua qhov xwm txheej keeb kwm cuam tshuam rau cov ntaub ntawv - yog tias koj nco qab, cov ntawv sau tub rog coob tshaj plaws tau sau thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum Ob thiab hauv 15 xyoo tom ntej.
Cov kws sau ntawv Lavxias nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog Alexander Solzhenitsyn thiab Mikhail Bulgakov. Solzhenitsyn tau qhia rau ntiaj teb txhua qhov txaus ntshai ntawm cov chaw pw hav zoov hauv Soviet hauv nws txoj haujlwm Gulag Archipelago, uas nws tau raug thuam thiab tsim txom hnyav tshaj plaws hauv peb lub tebchaws. Tom qab ntawd, Solzhenitsyn raug xa mus rau FRG, thiab nws nyob thiab ua haujlwm txawv teb chaws tau ntev. Kev ua pej xeem Lavxias tau rov qab los rau nws tsuas yog xyoo 1990 los ntawm tsab cai tshwj xeeb ntawm thawj tswj hwm, tom qab ntawd nws muaj peev xwm rov qab mus rau nws lub tebchaws.
Nws yog qhov nthuav tias hauv peb lub tebchaws xyoo pua 20th tau dhau los ua lub sijhawm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam raug tshem tawm - Ivan Bunin, Konstantin Balmont, Raisa Bloch thiab ntau lwm tus tau mus txawv tebchaws nyob rau ntau xyoo. Mikhail Bulgakov tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb rau nws cov ntawv tshiab Tus Tswv thiab Margarita thiab zaj dab neeg Lub Plawv ntawm a Dog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nws tau sau cov ntawv tshiab "Tus Tswv thiab Margarita" rau ntau tshaj 10 xyoo - lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau tsim tam sim ntawd, tab sis kev hloov kho txuas ntxiv mus.tau ntau xyoo, mus txog rau thaum tus kws sau ntawv tuag. Bulgakov tus neeg mob tau coj qhov tshiab mus rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis tsis muaj sijhawm los ua kom tiav cov haujlwm no, yog li kev sau ntawv yuam kev tuaj yeem pom hauv kev ua haujlwm. Thiab tseem, qhov tshiab "Tus Xib Hwb thiab Margarita" tau los ua, tej zaum, txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm hom ntawv no nyob rau xyoo pua 20th.
Cov neeg sau ntawv Askiv nrov ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th yog, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, tus poj huab tais tshawb nrhiav Agatha Christie thiab tus tsim ntawm dystopia zoo tshaj plaws "Tsiaj Farm" George Orwell. Askiv txhua lub sijhawm tau muab cov neeg txawj sau ntawv thoob ntiaj teb xws li William Shakespeare, HG Wells, W alter Scott thiab ntau lwm tus. Lub xyoo dhau los no tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab cov neeg hauv txhua lub tebchaws tam sim no nyeem phau ntawv los ntawm John Tolkien, Pratchett Terry, John Windom thiab Arthur C. Clarke.
Feem ntau, cov kws sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th tsis zoo li lawv cov thawj coj - cov kws sau xyoo 19th. Cov ntawv nyeem tau ua ntau haiv neeg, thiab yog tias nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 19th tsuas muaj 3-4 lub ntsiab lus, ces nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th muaj ib qho kev txiav txim ntawm ntau npaum li cas. Stylistic thiab ideological ntau haiv neeg tau ua rau muaj ntau yam thiab tiam sis, thiab kev tshawb nrhiav ib hom lus tshiab tau muab rau peb tag nrho cov galaxy ntawm cov neeg xav thiab cov kws tshawb fawb, xws li Marcel Proust thiab Franz Kafka.
Lavxias teb sab sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th txwv lawv tus kheej tsuas yog rau peb qhov kev xav zoo - realism, modernism thiab avant-garde. Ib qho nthuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua xeem yog lub rooj txhawb siab ntawm romanticism nyob rau hauv nws cov thawj daim ntawv, qhov tseeb yog feem ntau xav txog nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Alexander Grin, nws tej hauj lwm yog cia permeated nrog ineradicable dreaminess thiabexoticism.
Cov kws sau ntawv xyoo 20th tau tso lub cim tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb cov ntaub ntawv, thiab peb tsuas yog cia siab tias cov kws sau xyoo 21st yuav tsis phem dua li lawv cov thawj coj. Tej zaum qhov chaw tshiab Gorky, Pasternak lossis Hemingway twb tau tsim.
Pom zoo:
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Tus kws sau ntawv twg tau sau phau ntawv tshaj plaws? Leej twg sau cov lus tshaj plaws?
Kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov kws sau ntawv los ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau. Thiab tseem yog tus kws sau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, uas tsis yog tus kws sau ntawv hauv qhov kev nkag siab ib txwm
Phau ntawv loj tshaj hauv ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv nthuav tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Puas muaj peev xwm xav txog tib neeg yam tsis muaj phau ntawv, txawm hais tias nws tau nyob tsis muaj nws rau feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej? Tej zaum tsis yog, ib yam li nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog keeb kwm ntawm txhua yam uas muaj nyob yam tsis muaj kev paub zais cia hauv kev sau ntawv
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Lavxias teb sab science ntawv tseeb kws sau ntawv Andrey Kruz: phau ntawv sau txog keeb kwm, phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Andrei Cruz yog nplua nuj thiab ntau yam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav qhia koj txog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb uas koj tuaj yeem ua kom pom tag nrho ntawm tus sau no. Cia peb tham txog nws txoj hauj lwm thiab koj tus kheej lub neej
