2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Phau ntawv tuav ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv lub neej niaj hnub no. Kev kawm, kev tshawb fawb, kev lom zem, tshwj xeeb - lawv txhua tus xav tau sib npaug. Thiab nws tsis muaj teeb meem hauv daim ntawv twg lawv tau nthuav tawm: cov ntawv luam tawm, hluav taws xob lossis suab. Tag nrho ib yam, ib phau ntawv twg yog cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib hom lossis lwm yam, muaj rau txhua tus neeg siv nws.
Tau kawg, tus nqi ntawm phau ntawv tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees ntau dhau. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog kev tshawb fawb uas kawm lawv - ntawv nyeem. Nws cov ntsiab lus tau qhia hauv tsev kawm, thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem kawm txuas ntxiv mus. Kab lus no yog tsim los pab koj.
Literary theory yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev thuam kev sau ntawv. Lub tswv yim no muaj feem xyuam nrog kev xav thiab kev zoo nkauj, uas ua rau nws nkag siab thiab piav qhia. Nws yog raws li keeb kwm thiab kev thuam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis tib lub sij hawm nws substantiates lawv, sib sau nrog lawv ib leeg thiab indivisible tag nrho. Tab sis dab tsi yog qhov kev tshawb xav kev sau ntawv kawm?
Nws yuav tsis tuaj yeem teb lo lus nug no hauv ib lo lus, txij li nqe lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb no muaj peb hom: socialist, formalist thiab keeb kwm.
Thawj zaug, txhua lub zog maj nrawm rau kev kawm txog kev xavkev muaj tiag (figurative). Hauv pem hauv ntej yog cov ntsiab lus xws li kev ua yeeb yam, chav kawm, haiv neeg, ntiaj teb saib, tog ntsuj plig, txoj kev.
Formalist txoj kev xav ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kawm txog cov qauv thiab txoj hauv kev ntawm kev tsim ntau yam haujlwm (ob leeg poetic thiab prose). Nws tsom rau lub tswv yim, style, ntsiab lus, versification, zajlus, thiab lwm yam.
Zoo, qhov kev tshawb xav keeb kwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, raws li lub npe cuam tshuam, ncaj qha kawm cov txheej txheem sau ntawv thiab nws cov kev hloov pauv cuam tshuam nrog lub sijhawm dhau los. Hom thiab poj niam txiv neej tseem ceeb hauv nws.
Summarizing tag nrho peb hom, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb no muab tag nrho nws lub zog rau kev kawm ntau yam haujlwm thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm lawv hom, style, keeb kwm tseem ceeb, tus cwj pwm hauv chav kawm, nrog rau kev tshawb nrhiav ib qho. zaj kab, ntsiab lus thiab tswv yim.
Los ntawm qhov no peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sau ntawv tau paub ntau tus neeg zoo tib yam - feem ntau cov neeg nyiam phau ntawv siv lawv mus rau ib qib lossis lwm qhov.
ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb no muaj ntau yam teeb meem. Ntawm lawv yog cov muaj feem xyuam rau poetics thiab methodology. Tau kawg, peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, cov teeb meem uas tau kawm los ntawm kev xav.
Ib yam lus, nws tuaj yeem hu ua lub ntsiab lus, lub luag haujlwm ntawm ntau yam haujlwm.
Yog li, piv txwv li, txoj haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev kawm yog nthuav tawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb hauv daim ntawv tsim nyog. Kev ua yeeb yam yuav tsum ua kom zoo siab rau cov neeg nyeem, ua kev nom kev tswv, kev sib txuas lus, zoo nkauj,kev txawj ntse thiab lwm yam haujlwm. Thiab cov ntaub ntawv menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau qhia, qhia (muaj cov lus qhia motives), pab txhawb kev loj hlob ntawm tus nyeem ntawv me. Nws yuav tsum muaj peev xwm nyiam cov me nyuam nyiam thiab sib haum mus rau theem ib txwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov hnub nyoog qeb uas nws tau npaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv menyuam yaus yuav tsum ua kom zoo nkauj, kev ncaj ncees, kev paub, kev coj noj coj ua thiab lwm yam haujlwm.
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