Lermontov tus kheej-portrait: zaj dab neeg ntawm ib daim ntaub

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Txhua daim duab ua los ntawm tus kws kos duab - tsis yog lub caij nplooj zeeg toj roob hauv pes, hiav txwv npau taws lossis duab ntawm tus poj niam hluas - dais cov yam ntxwv tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus tsim nws tus kheej, nws qhov kev xav ntawm cov khoom piav qhia. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, tag nrho cov painting yog subjective thiab impressionistic. Raws li rau tus kheej-portraits, thaum lawv tsim, qhov sib koom ntawm subjectivity yog siab tshaj. Unconsciously los yog txhob txwm, tus neeg pleev kob hloov mus rau lub canvas dab tsi yog ib tug zais cia tom qab xya seals rau cov neeg sab nrauv. Tias yog vim li cas tus kheej-portraits feem ntau nyiam cov neeg sau keeb kwm kos duab ua ib yam khoom muaj txiaj ntsig uas muaj qhov zoo ib yam li tus thawj ntawm sab nraud (pictured) thiab sab hauv lub siab lub dav hlau.

Lermontov-tus neeg pleev kob toj roob hauv pes

Tsis yog txhua tus paub tias Lermontov pleev xim duab. Raws li encyclopedia nplooj siab rau tus kws sau paj huam txoj hauj lwm, nws txoj kev hlub rau kev kos duab tshwm sim los ntawm ib tug thaum ntxov muaj hnub nyoog. Daim duab ntawm Lermontov nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug me nyuam tub ntawm ob xyoos qhia tau hais tias txawm ces nws twb sim kos ib yam dab tsi ntawm cov scrolls. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov khoom plig no tau tshwm sim nws tus kheej tshaj plaws thaum lub sij hawm thawj exile mus rau Caucasus. Tsom ntsoov rau Rembrandt system, Lermontov tsim canvases ntawm lub ntsiab tub rog, portraits thiab, ntawm chav kawm, toj roob hauv pes. Qhov kawg hom yog feem ntaunthuav tawm hauv cov duab qub txeeg qub teg ntawm tus kws sau paj huam.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem twv, cov khoom siv rau toj roob hauv pes yog qhov zoo kawg nkaus ntawm Caucasus. Piv txwv li, piv txwv li, lub canvas "Lub Zos ntawm lub zos Karaagach". Tag nrho cov yam ntxwv ntawm Lermontov's artistic style yog pom nyob rau hauv nws, pib nrog lub kaj xim thiab cov kev tshwj xeeb ntawm kev npaj ntawm cov duab thiab xaus nrog tshwj xeeb kev xaav ntawm xwm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim duab. Cov yam ntxwv kawg yog qhov hloov maj mam thiab thov kom nkag siab ntau dua li kev nkag siab zoo.

Lermontov-portrait painter

Piv rau sketches ntawm xwm, portrait cuab yeej cuab tam ntawm tus kws sau paj lug muaj tsawg ua hauj lwm. Ntawm lawv yog tus kheej-portrait ntawm Lermontov nyob rau hauv lub cloak, dluab ntawm Vera Lopukhina, S. A. Raevsky, A. I. Odoevsky, ua nyob rau hauv watercolor (cov npe ntawm paintings yog tsis tiav). Tus kws sau paj lug kuj tau tso ob peb daim duab roj thiab ntau daim duab kos. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau sau tseg tias ntau cov duab kos tau txawv ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws, zoo li yog foreshadowing pib ntawm ib qho kev hloov tshiab hauv kev kos duab - realism.

xwm txheej lub neej

Cov kws tshawb fawb hnub Lermontov tus kheej-portrait rau xyoo 1837. Lub canvas tau tsim thaum thawj zaug nyob hauv tus kws sau paj huam hauv Caucasus, qhov chaw nws raug xa mus rau paj huam "Kev tuag ntawm tus kws sau paj huam". M. Yu. Lermontov npaj ib tug self-portrait rau Varvara Lopukhina, uas nws muaj siab mos siab muag. Tus kws sau paj huam thib ob, Akim Pavlovich Shan-Giray, ua tim khawv tias Lermontov txoj kev hlub nrog Lopukhina tsis tawm Lermontov mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej.

Kev hloov pauv ntawm daim ntaub tau tshwm sim rau lub Rau Hli1838 - ua ntej Varvara tawm mus rau lub teb chaws Yelemees. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, nws xa Lermontov tus kheej-portrait rau A. M. Vereshchagina, uas ib txwm txhawb nqa ib qho ntawm nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim - kos duab, suab paj nruag thiab paj huam. Qhov no yog qhov uas zaj dab neeg ntawm lub canvas xaus: rau 80 xyoo tom ntej nws tau txiav txim siab ploj mus ib txhis, yog li ntev nws yuav tsum tau tsom mus rau cov ntawv luam los ntawm O. A. Kochetova xyoo 1880.

Kev piav qhia ntawm daim duab

Lermontov tus kheej-portrait ntawm 1837 ntes ib tug tub hluas hnav khaub ncaws ntawm Nizhny Novgorod regiment. Lub tsho tshaj sab yog muab pov rau ntawm nws lub xub pwg nyom, gazyrs muab tso rau ntawm nws lub hauv siab, thiab tus kws sau paj lug tuav ib rab ntaj ntawm nws txhais tes. Cov keeb kwm yav dhau yog lub roob Caucasus, uas tau tso lub cim pom tseeb hauv kev nco txog Mikhail Yuryevich, txawm tias Lermontov tsuas tuaj yeem txaus siab rau lawv qhov kev pom rau ob peb lub hlis.

Nyob rau sab nraub qaum ntawm daim duab muaj ib daim ntawv sau ua lus German, uas npe tus tsim daim duab. Tau kawg, los ntawm qhov pom ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, Lermontov tus kheej-portrait tsis tuaj yeem hu ua qhov zoo tagnrho. Cov kws tshaj lij kos duab scrupulously saib rau qhov tsis zoo hauv nws, zoo li cov tes tsis zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, nws puas tseem ceeb thaum peb muaj ua ntej peb cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas qhia tau tias Lermontov tau ntsib thaum lub sijhawm ntawd? Ib tug dawb huv, zoo, me ntsis me nyuam lub ntsej muag nrog lub gloomy, tu siab, txawm tragic qhia nyob rau hauv lub qhov muag yog ib hom ntawm lyrical chaw muag mis nyuj ntawm tus kws sau paj lug. Thiab cov ntawv sau, npaj rau tus poj niam uas nws hlub, tam sim no zoo li qhov sib txawv, piv nrog lub tsev khaws puav pheej banal: "Lermontov "Tus kheej-portrait" (watercolor, 1837)".

keeb kwm ntxivcanvases

Lub xyoo pua 20th dotted tag nrho kuv nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug tus kheej-portrait. Thaum kawg, cov ntaub pua plag tau pom: xyoo 1955, nws tau txais los ntawm German xibfwb Winkler. Lermontov tus kheej-portrait pib dhau los ntawm tes mus rau tes, txog 7 xyoo tom qab nws nrhiav pom, nws tau los ntawm lub teb chaws Yelemees sab hnub poob mus rau nws lub tebchaws, ua rau muaj kev xyiv fab loj tshaj plaws ntawm nws cov neeg qhuas.

Tus kws sau paj huam ntawm ntau tus kws kos duab

Tau kawg, Lermontov tus kheej-portrait, cov lus piav qhia uas tau nthuav tawm saum toj no, yog deb ntawm tib tus kws sau paj huam. Qhov ntxov tshaj plaws canvas depicting Mikhail Yurievich yog suav hais tias yog ib tug kos duab los ntawm ib tug tsis paub artist, tejzaum nws yog ib tug serf, uas tau pauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm ib tug me nyuam muaj plaub xyoos rau ntawv. Qhov thib ob portrait kuj ntes tus kws sau paj lug thaum ib tug me nyuam. Tus sau ntawm lub canvas depicted ib tug smartly hnav khaub ncaws me nyuam tub nrog combed plaub hau. Qee cov kws sau keeb kwm kos duab nug txog qhov tseeb ntawm cov duab, tab sis nws zoo ib yam li thawj daim duab ntawm Lermontov thiab nco txog tus kws sau paj huam kwv tij ua tim khawv rau qhov opposite.

Tsis muaj duab ntawm Lermontov thaum nws kawm hauv Moscow. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1834, thaum nws raug xa mus rau cornet, nws pog tau ua ib tug portrait ntawm nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv. Lub siab xav ntawm tus kws kos duab rau me ntsis embellish lub tsos ntawm tus kws sau paj lug yog pom tseeb. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, portrait txhawb kev ntseeg siab tsis yog vim nws qhov zoo ib yam li tus thawj, tab sis kuj yog vim Lermontov lub siab xav, kev qhia ntawm nws ob lub qhov muag.

Daim duab ntawm tus kws sau paj huam, ua los ntawm nws tus kws kos duab Zabolotsky, tau dhau los ua neeg paub. Tus kws kos duab tsis yog tus tswv zoo, tab sis qhov ua tiav portrait ua tim khawv rau kev paub zoo ntawm Lermontov qhov xwm txheej. Tib yam tuaj yeem hais txog lwm cov duab ntawm tus kws sau paj huam, uas zoo kawg nkaus ua tiav peb txoj kev nkag siab ntawm nws.