Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR, tam sim no nyob
Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR, tam sim no nyob

Video: Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR, tam sim no nyob

Video: Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR, tam sim no nyob
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Tsim los ntawm tombac, npog nrog kub plaub lub mis cim "Cov Neeg Artist ntawm USSR" tau txais txiaj ntsig rau cov kws ua yeeb yam zoo. Nyob rau hauv 1936, lub title twb xub muab tsub rau 14 artists. Txog xyoo 1991, nws tau suav hais tias yog ib qho khoom plig tseem ceeb rau kev muaj tswv yim thiab ua pov thawj ntawm tib neeg txoj kev hlub.

Nkauj koob tsheej

Txij li xyoo 1919, cov neeg ua haujlwm kev coj noj coj ua uas muaj peev xwm tshaj plaws tau txais lub npe "Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Lub Tebchaws". Ntawm cov thawj tau txais nws yog singers L. V. Sobinov, F. I. Chaliapin thiab composer A. K. Glazunov. Nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua tau ib tug artist los ua "nrov", nws yuav tsum tau ua ib tug tshwj xeeb pab rau cov hauv qab no: suab paj nruag, xinesmas, ua yeeb yam, TV, circus, tshaj tawm. Lub npe tau pom zoo los ntawm Central Executive Committee. Cov kev cai rau lub npe qhuas no muaj cov khoom hauv qab no:

  1. Nws muab khoom plig rau cov neeg sawv cev ntawm kev ua yeeb yam, uas nws cov haujlwm sawv cev muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txhim kho kab lis kev cai.
  2. Cov npe ntawm cov khoom plig tau pom zoo los ntawm Ministry of Culture of the USSR, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Lub Xeev raucinematography, TV thiab xov tooj cua tshaj tawm, Pawg Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm lub Union of Cinematographers, as well as the Union of Composers.
  3. Pom zoo Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR tau txais daim paib, daim ntawv pov thawj thiab daim ntawv pov thawj.
  4. Lub cim tshwj xeeb yuav tsum hnav ntawm sab xis ntawm lub hauv siab.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, lub koob npe nrov no tau muab rau 1010 tus neeg ntawm xyoo 1936 thiab 1991.

Ntawm qhov khoom plig

Qhov kev tsim nyog tau ua rau muaj lus nug ntau. Piv txwv li, vim li cas ho tsis Leonid Kuravlev, Andrei Mironov, composer Sergei Prokofiev tau txais lub title? Ntau tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR tau txais lub npe tsuas yog thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus. Piv txwv li, Ivan Ivanov-Vano, Stanislav Lyudkevich. Qee cov neeg paub zoo tsis tuaj yeem nyob pom hnub ntawm lub npe (Rina Zelenaya, Mark Bernes). Cov poj niam yau tshaj plaws uas tau txais lub npe ntawm "Cov Neeg Artist ntawm USSR" yog hu nkauj Halima Nasyrova thiab Kulyash Baiseitova. Lawv muaj 24 xyoos. Tus tub hluas tshaj plaws lub npe tuav yog Muslim Magomayev. Nws muaj 31 xyoo thaum lub sijhawm khoom plig.

Nkauj Qhuas Vajtswv 30s

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR
Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR

Lub sijhawm no, kaum plaub tus neeg tau txais qhov khoom plig. Ntawm lawv yog cov thawj coj P. K. Saksagansky thiab A. A. Vasadze, ua yeeb yam E. P. Korchagina-Aleksandrovskaya thiab A. A. Khorava, tus hu nkauj M. I. Litvinenko-Wolgemut thiab K. Zh. Baiseitova. Thawj Cov Neeg Artist ntawm USSR - tus thawj coj K. S. Stanislavsky. Ua ke nrog nws tau txais V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, actor I. M. Moskvin, singer A. V. Nezhdanova.

Xyoo 1936 V. I. Kachalov tau los ua neeg ua yeeb yam. Nws yog ib tugntawm cov thawj coj ua yeeb yam hauv Moscow Art Theatre, ua si 55 lub luag haujlwm. Nyob rau hauv Honor ntawm Vasily Ivanovich, lub Kazan Drama Theatre tau muab lub npe. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau txais txiaj ntsig Stalin Prize ntawm thawj qib, nws tau xaj thiab khoom plig.

Hauv xyoo 1937, lub luag haujlwm tau muab rau tus ua yeeb yam Alla Konstantinovna Tarasova. Nws tau txais tsib qhov khoom plig Stalin, peb Orders ntawm Lenin, thiab khoom plig rau nws txoj haujlwm. Alla Konstantinovna mus txog rau thaum kawg ntawm nws hnub yog nquag, ua si hauv kev ua yeeb yam, qhia ua yeeb yam. Txij li thaum xyoo 1951, nws yog tus thawj coj ntawm Moscow Art Theatre, tom qab ntawd nws tau koom nrog Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Cov Txwj Laus ntawm lub theatre. Nyob rau lub sijhawm xyoo 1952 txog 1960 nws yog tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm USSR Supreme Council ntawm 3-5 convocations.

Konstantin Sergeyevich Stanislavsky

Tus thawj coj yug hauv 1863 hauv Moscow. Konstantin Sergeevich yog ib tug txawj ntse actor thiab xib fwb. Nws tsim cov txheej txheem nto moo uas tseem siv niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv 1898, K. S. Stanislavsky, ua ke nrog V. I. Nemirovich-Danchenko, nrhiav tau lub Moscow Art Theatre. Thaum lub sij hawm nws lub neej, tus actor tau txais lub title "Cov Neeg Artist ntawm lub USSR", Honorary txiav txim. Konstantin Sergeevich Stanislavsky yog ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm St. Petersburg Academy ntawm Sciences thiab tom qab ntawm USSR Academy ntawm Sciences.

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Lub sijhawm xyoo 1940 txog 1949

Cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv zej zog thaum lub sijhawm ntawd yog tus neeg nto moo xws li tus thawj coj A. M. Pazovsky, actress E. D. Turchaninova, tus hu nkauj Z. M. Gaidai, tus thawj coj M. I. Tsarev thiab ntau lwm tus. Qhov kawg ntawm lawv nyob rau hauv 1942 los ua ib tug honoured artist ntawm RSFSR, nyob rau hauv 1949 - ib tug neeg cov artist. Txij li thaum 1973, M. I. Tsarev tau ua ib tug Hero ntawm Socialist Labor. Nws kuj tau txais txiaj ntsig Stalin nqi zog ntawm qib thib ob, Lub Xeev Nqi Zog ntawm USSR (hauv xyoo 1969), thiab xyoo 1977 - Qhov khoom plig ntawm RSFSR muaj npe tom qab K. S. Stanislavsky. Tus thawj coj zoo thiab txawj ua yeeb yam tau txais kev qhuas ntau.

Hauv xyoo 1945, tsuas yog ib tus kws kos duab tau txais lub npe ntawm Cov Neeg Artist - Abrar Khidoyatov. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau tswj hwm cov duab sib txawv ntawm Lavxias, Uzbek thiab cov neeg European. Nws yog ib tug ua yeeb yam artist uas yog zoo heev nyob rau hauv lub kos duab ntawm monologue. Lub Xeev Drama Theatre nyob rau hauv Tashkent muaj npe tom qab tus neeg muaj peev xwm ua yeeb yam.

Nkauj Hmoob 50's of the XX century

tus neeg kawg artist ntawm ussr
tus neeg kawg artist ntawm ussr

Lub sijhawm no, 138 tus neeg tau txais lub npe "Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR". Ntawm lawv yog Lyubov Petrovna Orlova, uas tau txais nws xyoo 1950. Tus neeg txawj ntse ua yeeb yam hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab, ua si hauv theatre, hu nkauj zoo nkauj. Nws tau ob zaug muab khoom plig Stalin ntawm thawj qib, rau nws lub siab tawv thiab mob siab rau nws tau txais ntau yam khoom plig. L. P. Orlova yog tus yeej ntawm qhov khoom plig rau tus neeg ua yeeb yam zoo tshaj plaws ntawm VIII International Film Festival hauv Venice rau nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam hauv zaj duab xis "Lub Caij Nplooj Hlav", nrog rau kev sib haum xeeb rau zaj duab xis "Lub Rooj Sib Tham ntawm Elbe". Tus actress tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj ntawm Honour ntawm Soviet Peace Committee.

Xyoo 1959, tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam ntawm Alma-Ata Lavxias ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam hu ua tom qab M. Yu. Lermontov, Valentina Borisovna Kharlamova, tau txais lub npe ntawm tib neeg cov khoom plig. Nws coj mus rau lub neej 130 duab. Thaum muaj kev sib ntaus sib tua, ua ke nrog pab pawg, nws ua yeeb yam hauv tsev kho mob thiab hauv chav sib ntaus sib tua. Valentina Borisovna tau txais kev txiav txim, khoom plig, daim ntawv pov thawj.

Laureates ntawm 60s

Lub sijhawm no, 185 tus neeg raug xaiv tsa rau qhov khoom plig. Tus thawj coj thiab tus kws qhia ntawv N. P. Akimov tau los ua neeg ua yeeb yam hauv xyoo 1960. Ua ke nrog nws, cov neeg ua yeeb yam V. A. Orlov, A. O. Stepanova, N. A. Annenkov tau txais txiaj ntsig. Xyoo tom ntej, cov npe ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau ntxiv nrog cov npe ntawm Faina Ranevskaya, Svyatoslav Richter, Tatyana Ustinova, Boris Pokrovsky thiab lwm tus. Xyoo 1969, 25 tus kws ua yeeb yam tau txais lub npe. Ntawm lawv muaj choreographer Rostislav Zakharov, actress Viya Artmane, ballerina Nina Timofeeva, clowns Mikhail Rumyantsev thiab Oleg Popov thiab ntau lwm yam txuj ci artists.

cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr tam sim no nyob
cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr tam sim no nyob

Cov lus tso dag ntawm tus poj niam zoo nkauj Faina Georgievna Ranevskaya tseem cuam tshuam. Nws ua si ntau lub luag haujlwm hauv Mossovet Theatre. Tus actress yog ib tug Honored Artist ntawm lub USSR, tau muab tsub lub honorary txiav txim ntau tshaj ib zaug, nws tau txais nqi zog Stalin ntau zaus. Phau ntawv Askiv Encyclopedia "Leej twg yog leej twg" suav nrog F. G. Ranevskaya nyob rau hauv lub sab saum toj kaum zoo actresses ntawm lub xyoo pua XX.

Ib tug neeg paub zoo ntawm lub 60s yog Arkady Isaakovich Raikin. Tus kws kos duab tau txawv los ntawm nws qhov kev lom zem tshwj xeeb thiab muaj peev xwm hloov pauv mus rau txhua daim duab. Nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 40s, Arkady Isaakovich los ua artistic thawj coj ntawm lub Leningrad Variety thiab Miniature Theatre. Nyob rau hauv lub post-war lub sij hawm, tus actor starred nyob rau hauv ob peb films thiab tsim ntau yam theatrical kev pab cuam. Nyob rau hauv 1982, lub troupe ntawm lub Leningrad Theatre, ua ke nrog nws cov thawj coj, tsiv mus rau Moscow thiab sai sai no renamed Satyricon. Arkady Isaakovich tau txais ntau yamkhoom plig. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau xyoo 1939, nws tau los ua tus yeej ntawm Thawj Pawg Sib Tw Sib Tw ntawm Ntau Tus Kws Ua Yeeb Yam.

Laureates ntawm 1970 thiab 1979

Lub sijhawm no, 239 tus neeg muaj txiaj ntsig tau txais lub npe. Ntawm lawv yog composer A. G. Novikov, choreographer Yu. Y. Lingis, actor K. K. Ird. Xyoo 1979, lub npe tau muab tsub rau 25 tus kws ua yeeb yam. Conductors Ya. A. Voshchak, L. N. Venediktov, circus ua yeeb yam V. A. Volzhansky, actors P. P. Kadochnikov, Yu. V. Nikulin, S. N. Plotnikov thiab lwm tus tau txais.

Nyob rau xyoo 1973, lub koob npe nrov tau muab rau tus neeg hu nkauj Muslim Magometovich Magomayev. Nws thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim hauv Baku, thiab xyoo 1962 nws tau los ua tus yeej ntawm Ntiaj Teb Kev Lom Zem ntawm Cov Hluas thiab Cov Tub Ntxhais Kawm, uas tau tuav hauv Helsinki. Ib xyoos tom qab, nws thawj zaug kev hais kwv txhiaj tau tshwm sim ntawm Tchaikovsky Concert Hall. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 31, Muslim Magomayev tau txais lub npe ntawm "Cov Neeg Artist ntawm lub USSR". Muaj txuj ci, ci ntsa iab, nrog rau qhov tshwj xeeb charisma, tus neeg hu nkauj tau kov yeej tag nrho lub Union. Txog tam sim no, nws cov kiv cua sib sau ua ke thaum yav tsaus ntuj hauv kev nco txog Muslim Magomayev.

thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr
thawj tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr

Ib tug txawj ua yeeb yam, Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR Oleg Nikolaevich Efremov tau txais lub npe xyoo 1976. Nws yog ib tug ntawm cov founders ntawm lub Union of Theatre Workers ntawm lub USSR, raws li zoo raws li lub Sovremennik Theatre, nyob rau hauv uas nws yog artistic thawj coj. Ntxiv rau nws txoj haujlwm ua yeeb yam, O. N. Efremov yog tus thawj coj txawj ntse ntawm ntau qhov kev ua yeeb yam. Nws tau txais txiaj ntsig Lub Xeev Cov Khoom Plig ntawm USSR, tom qab ntawd - Lub Xeev Cov Khoom Plig ntawm Lavxias Federation. Oleg Nikolaevich tau txais qhov khoom plig Golden Mask, nws yog tus yeej ntawm tus txiv neej ntawm lub xyoo khoom pligLavxias teb sab Biographical Institute.

1980s

Lub sijhawm no, 324 tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov haujlwm muaj tswv yim tau txais txiaj ntsig. Cov no yog actors, directors, circus ua yeeb yam, composers, singers, ballerinas, conductors. Ntawm lawv yog tus paub zoo Armen Borisovich Dzhigarkhanyan, uas, rau 250 dluab ua si nyob rau hauv cov yeeb yaj duab, tau txais mus rau hauv lub Guinness Phau Ntawv Cov Ntaub Ntawv. Nyob rau hauv 1989, Natalya Yurievna Durova tau txais lub koob npe nrov. Tus kws ua yeeb yam los ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntxov ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub circus, tsis txwv nws cov dej num txawm nyob rau hauv wartime. Nws tau sau ntau phau ntawv rau cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus. Nws txoj kev pab tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo heev txawm tias txawv teb chaws. Yog li, GDR muab N. Yu. Durova lub npe ntawm tus tswv ntawm kev cob qhia tsiaj hiav txwv.

Lub Sijhawm Khoom Plig Kawg

cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr xinesmas
cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr xinesmas

Xyoo 1990, 29 tus neeg tau los ua "neeg", thiab ib xyoos tom qab - 32 tus neeg txawj ntse ntawm kab lis kev cai thiab kos duab. L. V. Durov, V. T. Spivakov, M. M. Zapashny, Z. E. Gerdt, G. M. Vitsin thiab ntau lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau txais lub npe no. Tus neeg kawg Artist ntawm lub USSR yog tus actor O. I. Yankovsky (nyob rau hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1991). Nws ua si nyob rau hauv ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm cov yeeb yaj duab, coj mus rau lub neej ntau dluab nyob rau hauv lub Lenkom Theatre thiab nyob rau hauv lub Drama Theatre ntawm lub nroog Saratov. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam kawg ntawm USSR tau ua tus thawj coj hauv zaj duab xis "Los pom kuv", uas nws tsim ua ke nrog ML Agranovich. Tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau rov qab tau txais qhov khoom plig rau tus txiv neej zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ntau yam yeeb yaj kiab festivals.

Ua ke nrog Oleg Yankovsky hauv xyoo 1991, lub npe ntawm "Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm USSR" tau muab rau ua yeeb yam S. S. Pilyavskaya. Nws tau ua haujlwm hauv ntau lub chaw ua yeeb yam (MKhATUSSR muaj npe tom qab M. Gorky thiab Moscow Art Theatre muaj npe tom qab A. P. Chekhov), thiab kuj ua yeeb yaj kiab. S. S. Pilyavskaya nyob rau hauv lub RSFSR tau los ua ib tug honoured artist, nws twb muab tsub lub Stalin nqi zog ntawm lub thib ob degree, txiav txim.

Nkauj Ntseeg Vaajtswv, tam sim no nyob

Rau peb txoj kev zoo siab, ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam tseem muaj sia nyob. Piv txwv li, plaub tus neeg ua yeeb yam nyob hauv Azerbaijan: pianist Farhad Shamsi-oglu Badalbeyli, tus hu nkauj Fidan Ekrem-kyzy Kasimova, tus kws sau nkauj Arif Jangir-oglu Melikov, tus hu nkauj Zeynab Yahya-kyzy Khanlarova. Nyob rau hauv Armenia - actress V. K. Varderesyan, composer K. A. Orbelyan, neeg xyuas pib O. A. Chekidzhyan. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR kuj nyob hauv Belarus. Cov no yog choreographer V. N. Elizariev, composer I. M. Luchenok thiab lwm tus. Cuaj tus neeg nto moo nyob hauv Georgia: M. P. Amiranashvili, N. G. Bregvadze, L. A. Isakadze, G. A. Kancheli, R. R. Sturua thiab lwm tus.

nyob cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr
nyob cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm ussr

Muaj pes tsawg tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR nyob hauv Russia tam sim no? Cov no yog cov neeg txawj ntse Soviet ua yeeb yam V. S. Lanovoy, E. A. Bystritskaya, L. K. Durov, O. P. Tabakov, I. M. Churikova, circus artists M. M. Zapashny, O. K. Popov, conductor V T. Spivakov, singer A. B. Pugacheva thiab lwm tus. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR nyob hauv Ukraine niaj hnub no yog tus thawj coj A. T. Avdievsky, tus neeg hu nkauj D. M. Gnatiuk, tus hu nkauj S. M. Rotaru, tus ua yeeb yam A. N. Rogovtseva, ballerina T. A. Tayakina thiab lwm tus. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam nyob hauv Latvia, Lithuania, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan thiab lwm lub tebchaws ntawm yav dhau los USSR.

Nyob hauv kaw

Nkauj Ntseeg VajTswv, tam sim no nyob los twb ploj mus lawm, nyob hauv lub siab ntevkiv cua. Nws yog ib txwm muaj kev hwm los ua "neeg"; yuav luag txhua tus neeg ua yeeb yam tau txais lub npe no. Lub npe no tau muab nws cov tswv ntau yam txiaj ntsig. Piv txwv li, kev nce nyiaj hli thiab nyiaj laus tseem ceeb, lub sijhawm los nthuav koj qhov chaw nyob thiab tau txais lub xeev dacha, kev txo nqi loj ntawm cov nqi hluav taws xob thiab, ntawm chav kawm, kev txhim kho thaum lub sij hawm concerts. Nws kuj tau ntseeg tias lub npe lees paub cov neeg txoj kev hlub rau tus kws kos duab. Tab sis muaj cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab cov neeg hu nkauj uas tsis tau txais ib qho khoom plig thiab tau lees paub thiab qhuas los ntawm cov neeg zoo tib yam tsis muaj npe tsawg. Piv txwv li, Vladimir Vysotsky, Andrey Mironov, Oleg Dal. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm USSR xinesmas, suab paj nruag, ua yeeb yam thiab lwm yam kev ua yeeb yam yeej ib txwm muaj kev hwm, lawv raug caw tuaj koom kev lom zem, rooj sib tham, concerts. Cov neeg txawj ntse muaj ntau tus kiv cua thoob plaws hauv USSR thiab dhau mus.

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