Italian composer Rossini: biography, creativity, lub neej zaj dab neeg thiab ua hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws
Italian composer Rossini: biography, creativity, lub neej zaj dab neeg thiab ua hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws

Video: Italian composer Rossini: biography, creativity, lub neej zaj dab neeg thiab ua hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws

Video: Italian composer Rossini: biography, creativity, lub neej zaj dab neeg thiab ua hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws
Video: 9 Nqi kev ua neej, txhua tus yuav tau paub 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Italian yog lub tebchaws zoo kawg nkaus. Txawm hais tias qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb, lossis cov neeg nyob hauv nws yog qhov txawv txav, tab sis lub ntiaj teb cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab yog qee yam txuas nrog lub xeev Mediterranean. Suab paj nruag yog ib nplooj ntawv cais hauv lub neej ntawm Italians. Nug ib tus ntawm lawv lub npe ntawm tus kws sau nkauj Italian zoo Rossini yog dab tsi thiab koj yuav tau txais cov lus teb raug tsis muaj sijhawm.

Tus kws sau ntawv Rossini
Tus kws sau ntawv Rossini

A talented bel canto singer

Nws zoo nkaus li cov noob ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag tau kos rau hauv txhua tus neeg nyob hauv Apennine Peninsula los ntawm qhov nws tus kheej. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas txhua lo lus suab paj nruag siv hauv kev sau cov qhab nia los ntawm cov lus Latin.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog ib tus neeg Italian uas hu tsis tau zoo. Kev hu nkauj zoo nkauj, bel canto hauv Latin, yog qhov tseeb Italian ntawm kev ua suab paj nruag. Tus kws sau paj huam Rossini tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb rau nws cov nkauj zoo nkauj tsim nyob rau hauv qhov no.

Hauv Tebchaws Europe, kev zam rau bel canto tuaj txog thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua yim thiab kaum cuaj. Nws tuaj yeem hais tias tus kws sau ntawv Italian zoo tshaj Rossini tau yug los ntawm lub sijhawm tsim nyog tshaj plaws thiab nyob rau hauv heevhaum qhov chaw. Nws puas yog tus hlub ntawm txoj hmoo? Ua tsis tau. Feem ntau, qhov laj thawj rau nws txoj kev vam meej yog qhov khoom plig los saum ntuj los ntawm kev txawj ntse thiab tus cwj pwm zoo. Thiab ib qho ntxiv, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev sau nkauj tsis yog qhov ua rau nws nkees. Melodies yug nyob rau hauv lub composer lub taub hau nrog amazing yooj yim - tsuas muaj sij hawm los sau nws.

Italian composer Rossini
Italian composer Rossini

Composer thaum yau

Lub npe tag nrho ntawm tus sau Rossini suab zoo li Gioacchino Antonio Rossini. Nws yug rau lub Ob Hlis 29, 1792 hauv lub nroog Pesaro. Tus me nyuam tau ntxim hlub heev. "Little Adonis" yog lub npe ntawm Italian composer Rossini thaum yau. Tus kws kos duab hauv zos Mancinelli, uas tau pleev xim rau phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj St. Ubaldo thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tau thov kev tso cai los ntawm Gioacchino cov niam txiv los piav qhia tus menyuam rau ntawm ib qho ntawm cov frescoes. Nws ntes tau nws ua ib tug me nyuam, uas tus tim tswv taw qhia txoj kev mus saum ntuj ceeb tsheej.

Nws niam nws txiv, txawm tias lawv tsis muaj kev kawm tshwj xeeb, yog kws ntaus nkauj. Niam, Anna Guidarini-Rossini, muaj suab paj nruag zoo nkauj heev thiab hu nkauj hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv zos, thiab nws txiv, Giuseppe Antonio Rossini, ntaus trumpet thiab horn nyob ntawd.

Tsuas yog menyuam yaus hauv tsev neeg, Gioacchino tau nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev saib xyuas thiab saib xyuas tsis yog nws niam nws txiv nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj muaj ntau tus txiv ntxawm, phauj, pog thiab yawg.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm lub composer Rossini
Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm lub composer Rossini

thawj daim music

Nws ua nws thawj zaug los ua suab paj nruag sai li sai tau thaum nws tau txais lub sijhawm los khaws cov suab paj nruag. Cov qhab nias ntawm ib tug me nyuam tub muaj kaum plaub xyoo saibheev ntseeg. Lawv kom meej meej taug qab qhov nyiam ntawm kev tsim ua yeeb yam ntawm cov suab paj nruag - nquag permutations yog accentuated, nyob rau hauv uas tus yam ntxwv, suab paj nruag predominate.

Tebchaws Asmeskas Lub Tsev Qiv Ntawv ntawm Congress tuav rau 6 cov qhab nia nrog sonatas rau quartet. Lawv yog hnub tim 1806.

Lub npe ntawm tus composer Rossini
Lub npe ntawm tus composer Rossini

"Tus Barber ntawm Seville": zaj dab neeg ntawm kev sau ntawv

Tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no, tus kws sau ntawv Rossini paub feem ntau yog tus sau phau ntawv buff opera "The Barber of Seville", tab sis ob peb tus tuaj yeem hais tias zaj dab neeg ntawm nws qhov tsos yog dab tsi. Thawj lub npe ntawm lub opera yog "Almaviva, los yog Vain Precaution". Qhov tseeb yog tias ib qho "Barber of Seville" twb muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam raws li kev ua si lom zem los ntawm Beaumarchais tau sau los ntawm venerable Giovanni Paisiello. Nws cov ntsiab lus tau ua tiav zoo ntawm cov theem ntawm Italian theatre.

Teatro Argentino txib cov tub ntxhais hluas maestro rau kev ua yeeb yam comic. Tag nrho cov librettos tau thov los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv raug tsis lees paub. Rossini hais kom Paisiello tso cai rau nws sau nws cov opera raws li kev ua si los ntawm Beaumarchais. Nws tsis mloog. Rossini tsim tus kws txiav plaub hau nto moo ntawm Seville hauv 13 hnub.

Tus sau ntawv Rossini biography
Tus sau ntawv Rossini biography

Ob qhov premieres nrog cov txiaj ntsig sib txawv

Lub premiere yog qhov ua tsis tiav. Feem ntau, ntau qhov xwm txheej mystical txuas nrog qhov kev ua yeeb yam no. Hauv particular, qhov ploj ntawm qhov qhab nia nrog qhov overture. Nws yog ib qho potpourri ntawm ntau cov nkauj zoo siab pej xeem. Tus kws sau ntawv Rossini yuav tsum tau nrawm nrawm los hloov cov nplooj ntawv ploj. Hauv nws cov ntawvcov ntawv sau rau qhov ntev-tsis nco qab txog qhov xwm txheej txawv txawv, sau xya xyoo dhau los, tau khaws cia. Tom qab hloov me ntsis, nws suav nrog cov suab paj nruag zoo nkauj thiab lub teeb ntawm nws tus kheej muaj pes tsawg leeg hauv opera tshiab. Qhov kev ua yeeb yam thib ob yog kev yeej. Nws yog thawj kauj ruam ntawm txoj kev mus rau lub ntiaj teb no koob meej ntawm tus composer, thiab nws melodious recitatives tseem zoo siab rau pej xeem.

Nws tsis muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv txog kev ua yeeb yam.

Lub koob meej ntawm tus kws sau nkauj sai sai mus txog Tebchaws Europe. Cov ntaub ntawv tau khaws cia txog lub npe ntawm tus sau Rossini los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg. Heinrich Heine suav hais tias nws yog "Tshav ntawm Ltalis" thiab hu nws tias "Divine Maestro".

Lub npe Italian composer Rossini yog dab tsi
Lub npe Italian composer Rossini yog dab tsi

Austria, England thiab Fabkis hauv Rossini lub neej

Tom qab kev yeej hauv tebchaws, Rossini thiab Isabella Colbrand tau mus kov yeej Vienna. Ntawm no nws twb paub zoo thiab lees paub tias yog ib tus kws sau ntawv zoo heev. Schumann tau qhuas nws, thiab Beethoven, qhov muag tsis pom tseeb los ntawm lub sijhawm no, tau qhuas thiab qhia nws kom tsis txhob tawm ntawm txoj kev ntawm kev ua yeeb yam buff.

Paris thiab London ntsib tus kws sau ntawv tsis txaus siab. Hauv Fab Kis, Rossini nyob ntev.

Thaum nws ncig nws ncig, nws tau tsim thiab ua nws feem ntau ntawm nws qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm cov theem zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub peev. Tus maestro tau nyiam los ntawm cov vaj thiab ua kom paub nrog cov neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam hauv ntiaj teb kev kos duab thiab kev nom kev tswv.

Rossini yuav rov qab mus rau Fabkis thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej los kho mob plab. Hauv Paris, tus kws sau nkauj yuav tuag. Qhov no yuav tshwm sim rau lub Kaum Ib Hlis 13, 1868.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm tus poj Italian composer Rossini
Yuav ua li cas yog lub npe ntawm tus poj Italian composer Rossini

William Qhia yog tus sau zaj nkauj kawg

Rossini tsis nyiam siv sijhawm ntau dhau ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Feem ntau nyob rau hauv lub operas tshiab nws siv tib motifs ntev dhau los invented. Txhua qhov opera tshiab tsis tshua coj nws ntau tshaj ib hlis. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, tus composer sau lawv 39.

"William Qhia" nws mob siab rau rau lub hlis. Kuv tau sau tag nrho cov seem ntxiv, tsis siv cov qhab nia qub.

Rossini lub suab paj nruag piav qhia ntawm Austrian cov tub rog-invaders yog txhob txwm ua rau lub siab tsis zoo, tsis muaj nuj nqis thiab angular. Thiab rau cov neeg Swiss, uas tsis kam xa mus rau enslavers, tus composer, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, sau ntau yam, suab paj nruag, suab paj nruag-nplua nuj. Nws siv cov nkauj pej xeem ntawm Alpine thiab Tyrolean tus tswv yug yaj, ntxiv rau lawv cov Italian yooj yooj yim thiab paj huam.

Lub Yim Hli 1829, qhov kev ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim. Vaj Ntxwv Charles X ntawm Fabkis tau zoo siab thiab muab khoom plig Rossini nrog Kev Txiav Txim ntawm Legion of Honour. Cov neeg tuaj saib mob khaub thuas rau lub opera. Ua ntej, qhov kev txiav txim tau kav ntev li plaub teev, thiab qhov thib ob, cov txheej txheem suab paj nruag tshiab tsim los ntawm tus kws sau tau ua rau nyuaj rau kev nkag siab.

Nyob rau hnub tom qab, kev tswj hwm kev ua yeeb yam tau txiav qhov kev ua haujlwm luv luv. Rossini tau npau taws thiab npau taws rau lub hauv paus.

Biography ntawm Rossini Gioacchino
Biography ntawm Rossini Gioacchino

Txawm hais tias qhov kev ua yeeb yam no muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm kev kos duab, raws li tuaj yeem pom hauv cov haujlwm zoo sib xws ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm Gaetano Donizetti, Giuseppe Verdi thiab Vincenzo Bellini, "William Qhia"thiab tam sim no tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim.

Revolution in opera art

Rossini tau siv ob kauj ruam tseem ceeb los hloov kho cov opera niaj hnub. Nws yog thawj tus sau rau hauv qhov qhab nia tag nrho cov suab lus nrog cov suab lus tsim nyog thiab kev qhuas. Yav dhau los, cov neeg hu nkauj improvised lawv qhov lawv xav tau.

Kev hloov pauv tshiab tom ntej yog kev sib txuas lus nrog cov suab paj nruag accompaniment. Nyob rau hauv lub opera series, qhov no ua rau nws muaj peev xwm los tsim los ntawm instrumental inserts.

Qhov kawg ntawm kev sau ntawv

Art critics thiab historians tseem tsis tau muaj kev pom zoo, uas yuam Rossini tawm nws txoj hauj lwm raws li ib tug composer ntawm suab paj nruag tej hauj lwm. Nws tus kheej tau hais tias nws tau ua tiav kev nyab xeeb rau hnub nyoog laus rau nws tus kheej, thiab nws tau nkees ntawm bustle ntawm pej xeem lub neej. Yog hais tias nws muaj me nyuam, ces nws yeej yuav sau suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam rau theem opera.

Tus kws sau ntawv Rossini
Tus kws sau ntawv Rossini

Qhov kawg ua yeeb yam ntawm tus kws sau nkauj yog zaj yeeb yaj kiab "William Qhia". Nws muaj 37 xyoo. Yav tom ntej, nws qee zaum ua suab paj nruag, tab sis tsis tau rov qab los ua yeeb yam.

Ua noj yog maestro nyiam ua si

Qhov kev nyiam ua thib ob ntawm Rossini zoo yog ua noj. Nws raug kev txom nyem ntau vim nws kev quav yeeb quav tshuaj. Retiring los ntawm pej xeem suab paj nruag lub neej, nws tsis tau los ua ib tug ascetic. Nws lub tsev yeej ib txwm muaj tag nrho cov qhua, noj mov abounded nrog txawv txawv tais diav uas tus maestro invented tus kheej. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias kev sau ntawv operas muab sijhawm rau nws kom tau nyiaj txausyog li ntawd nyob rau hauv kuv lub xyoo poob kuv muaj peev xwm mob siab rau kuv tus kheej rau kuv nyiam yam uas kuv nyiam nyob rau hauv tag nrho kuv lub siab.

ob neej sib yuav

Gioacchino Rossini tau sib yuav ob zaug. Nws thawj tus poj niam, Isabella Colbran, tus tswv ntawm lub divine ua yeeb yam soprano, ua txhua yam solo hauv maestro's operas. Nws laus dua nws tus txiv xya xyoo. Puas yog nws tus txiv, tus kws sau nkauj Rossini, puas hlub nws? Biography ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj yog ntsiag to txog qhov no, thiab rau Rossini nws tus kheej, nws xav tias lub koom haum no yog kev lag luam ntau dua li kev hlub.

Italian composer D. Rossini
Italian composer D. Rossini

Nws tus poj niam thib ob, Olympia Pelissier, tau los ua nws tus khub mus tas nws lub neej. Lawv coj kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab zoo siab ua ke. Rossini tsis tau sau suab paj nruag, tshwj tsis yog ob lub oratorios - Catholic pawg "Tus Sorrowing Mother Stood" (1842) thiab "A Me Solemn Mass" (1863).

Peb lub nroog Italian, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau tus kws sau nkauj

Cov neeg nyob hauv peb lub nroog Italian txaus siab hais tias tus kws sau nkauj Rossini yog lawv lub tebchaws. Thawj yog qhov chaw yug ntawm Gioacchino, lub nroog Pesaro. Qhov thib ob yog Bologna, qhov chaw uas nws nyob ntev tshaj plaws thiab sau nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lub nroog thib peb yog Florence. Ntawm no, hauv Basilica ntawm Santa Croce, Italian composer D. Rossini raug faus. Nws cov tshauv raug coj los ntawm Paris, thiab tus kws kos duab zoo nkauj Giuseppe Cassioli ua ib lub ntxa zoo nkauj.

Italian composer D. Rossini
Italian composer D. Rossini

Rossini hauv Literature

Rossini's biography, Gioacchino Antonio, tau piav qhia los ntawm nws cov neeg kawm thiab cov phooj ywg hauv ntau phau ntawv tseeb, nrog rau hauvntau yam kev kawm txuj ci. Nws nyob rau hauv nws thaum ntxov thirties thaum thawj biography ntawm lub composer, piav los ntawm Frederik Stendhal, tau luam tawm. Nws hu ua Lub Neej ntawm Rossini.

Lwm tus phooj ywg ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, kws sau ntawv-novelist Alexandre Dumas, tau piav qhia nws hauv cov ntawv luv luv "Zoo ntawm Rossini's, lossis Ob Tus Tub Kawm Ntawv los ntawm Bologna". Kev ua neej nyob thiab kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg Italian zoo yog raug ntes hauv ntau zaj dab neeg thiab cov lus piav qhia khaws cia los ntawm nws cov phooj ywg thiab cov neeg paub.

Tom qab ntawd, cov phau ntawv cais tau muab luam tawm nrog cov dab neeg lom zem thiab lom zem.

Cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab kuj tsis quav ntsej cov neeg Italian zoo. Xyoo 1991, Mario Monicleli nthuav tawm rau cov neeg tuaj saib nws zaj duab xis txog Rossini, ua yeeb yam Sergio Castellito.

Pom zoo: