Painting los ntawm Albrecht Dürer "Rhinoceros"

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Dab tsi ua rau muaj ntau qhov yuam kev hauv kev piav qhia ntawm Indian rhinos ntawm 16th thiab 18th centuries? Cov duab, uas tau ntev tau ua yuam kev nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Europe rau qhov zoo li rhinoceros, yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Albrecht Dürer, tus kws kos duab German uas, nrog nws kos npe hu ua "Rhinoceros", ua rau tag nrho cov teb chaws Europe pom cov duab tsis raug ntawm cov tsiaj no. ob peb centuries ua ke.

Biography

Tus kws tshaj lij German zoo Albrecht Dürer yug rau lub Tsib Hlis 21, 1471 hauv Nuremberg, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees. Nws txiv yog ib tug jeweler, nws niam lub npe yog Barbara Holper. Txij li thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo, tus kws kos duab yav tom ntej tau mus kawm hauv tsev kawm Latin. Nws txiv sim qhia nws txog kev kos duab ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, tab sis Albrecht xav pleev xim, thiab 9 xyoo tom qab nws txiv xa nws tus tub mus kawm nrog tus naas ej Nuremberg artist Michael Wolgemut. Txawm hais tias nws xaiv, Dürer kuj paub txog kev kos duab ntawm ntoo engraving. Nws kawm tiav los ntawm rhiav nyob rau hauv 1490 thiab mus ncig ua si rau lub teb chaws Yelemees thiab Switzerland, lub sij hawm uas nws tseem ua hauj lwm zoo.nws txuj ci, nws tsim ob peb yam ntawm nws nto moo creations. Xyoo 1494, nws ua tiav nws txoj kev taug kev thiab, thaum tuaj txog tsev, sib yuav Agnes Frey.

Rau tas nws lub neej, tus tswv zoo tau mus ncig teb chaws Europe nrog nws cov tub ntxhais kawm, tsim cov txuj ci, thiab xyoo 1512, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire Maximilian I tau los ua nws tus patron. Tus kws kos duab siv sijhawm xya xyoo dhau los ntawm nws. lub neej hauv kev ua haujlwm, nws tsim nws cov haujlwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, thiab lub Plaub Hlis 6, 1528 tuag ntawm malaria hauv Nuremberg.

Creativity thiab Science

Dürer tau tsim ntau yam haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab, xws li tus kheej-portraits, engravings, bookplates, stained-iav qhov rais thiab kos duab. Nws paintings tau muaj nuj nqis thiab yuav thoob plaws teb chaws Europe. Txog 970 daim duab, 457 engravings thiab 20 phau ntawv tau khaws cia. Albrecht Dürer tau mob siab rau feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej rau kev kos duab, tab sis nws kuj yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb theoretical paub zoo hauv kev ua lej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau txais kev tshoov siab los ntawm qhov kev dag loj tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev tshawb fawb, uas yog Durer's engraving "Rhinoceros", tsim los ntawm nws hauv 1515. Vim nws lub koob meej, Indian rhinos tau ntev tau muab cov duab uas tsis yog tiag tiag.

Dürer tus Rhino

Cia peb saib kom ze rau ntawm daim duab kos. Durer's painting "Rhinoceros" yog tsim los ntawm ib tug kws kos duab uas tsis tau pom tus tsiaj no hauv nws lub neej, raws li cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov neeg uas pom cov tsos ntawm ib tug tsiaj nyob rau hauv Lisbon. Nws tau raug coj los ntawm Is Nrias teb los ua khoom plig rau Vaj Ntxwv Manuel, uas tom qab ntawd xa mus rau Pope, tab sis lub nkoj poob ntawm txoj kev.

Vim tus kws kos duab yeej tsis tau pom ib tug nas ej, daim duab ntawm daim engraving no txawv ntawm qhov tiag. Durer lub rhinoceros yog clad nyob rau hauv muaj zog armor, uas zoo li lub folds ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm ib tug tsiaj tiag tiag, thiab nws cov nplooj ntawv yog zoo li fastened nrog rivets, nws hnav ib tug me me nkhaus horn ntawm nws nraub qaum, thiab nws ob txhais ceg yog npog nrog nplai. Tsis tas li ntawd, tag nrho lub cev ntawm tus tsiaj tau npog nrog tus qauv.

Cov engraving tau nto moo heev, thiab nws cov duab tau muab tso ua cov duab kos rau cov ntawv tshawb fawb. Xws li ib tug rhinoceros tshwm sim ob qho tib si ntawm lub cim ntawm Alessandro Medici, thiab nyob rau hauv kem nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lub Koom Txoos ntawm tus Vaj Ntsuj Sepulcher, thiab ntawm ib lub qhov rooj ntawm lub Pisa Cathedral. Tsiaj txhu tau nrov, thiab ntau thiab ntau ntawm lawv cov dluab tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ntau yam hauj lwm ntawm kos duab. Albrecht Dürer lub rhinoceros tau suav hais tias yog ib qho kev ntseeg siab kom txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th, tab sis tom qab ntawd ntau thiab ntau cov tsiaj raug coj mus rau Tebchaws Europe, ntau thiab ntau zaus lawv tau pib tshwm rau ntawm lwm cov neeg ua yeeb yam, thiab cov duab tshwm sim los ntawm kev kos duab yog. hloov. Txawm li cas los xij, kom txog rau thaum 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tus tsiaj los ntawm kev kos duab yog nyob rau ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm German tsev kawm ntawv cov phau ntawv raws li ib tug tiag tiag duab ntawm ib tug rhinoceros.