Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka: yav dhau los thiab tam sim no

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Russian kab lis kev cai muaj npe nrov rau nws cov neeg ua yeeb yam, cov thawj coj, cov kws sau ntawv. Kev txaus siab ntawm kev ua yeeb yam yog Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka, uas kuj muaj keeb kwm nplua nuj.

Yug ua yeeb yam

Empress Ekaterina Petrovna, uas nyiam ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj heev, xyoo 1756 tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj, ua tsaug rau qhov chaw ua yeeb yam Lavxias tau tsim nyob rau hauv St. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau qhib hauv Moscow, cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas yog cov tub ntxhais kawm. Twb tau nyob rau hauv 1759, pej xeem Lavxias teb sab ua yeeb yam tsim nyob rau hauv Moscow tau pauv mus rau lub txiav txim ntawm Moscow University. Nws yog tswj los ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, playwright, kws sau paj lug Kheraskov. Lub neej ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv yog luv luv, tab sis nws yog nyob rau hauv nws lub hauv paus uas ib tug mus tas li Moscow ua yeeb yam pab pawg neeg tom qab tsim.

Theatre of the late 18th thiab 19th centuries

Tau ntau xyoo lawm, cov pab pawg Moscow, uas suav nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yam, hu nkauj, seev cev, ntaus nkauj, muaj nyob ua tsaug rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg ua lag luam ntiag tug. M. E. Medox yog tus ua lag luam ntev dua lwm tus. Nyob rau hauv 1780, nws tsim ib tug loj ua yeeb yam hu ua Petrovsky, uas yog nyob rau ntawm Petrovsky Square. Txij li thaum xyoo 1806, tag nrho pawg neeg pib muaj nyobNyob rau hauv pej xeem cov nuj nqis, nws tau muab tso rau hauv lub system ntawm imperial theaters. Tsis ntev ua ntej lub sijhawm no, hluav taws kub hnyiab tau tshwm sim hauv Petrovsky Theatre, pab pawg pib ua haujlwm hauv Pashkov lub tsev, uas tau hloov kho rau kev ua yeeb yam, tom qab ntawd ntawm lub rooj vag Arbat, tom qab ntawd ntawm Znamenka hauv Apraksin lub tsev. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub caij ntawm 1824-1825 lub imperial troupe nrhiav nws mus tas li lub tsev - lub npe ntawm uas yog lub Maly Theatre. Lub tsev ntawm tus tub lag luam Vargin tau rov tsim kho los ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Beauvais, thiab thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub Kaum Hli 14.

History

Nyob rau xyoo 1914, tus kws kes duab vajtse Spirin tau tsim ib qhov project raws li Kino-Palace ntawm Bolshaya Ordynka tau rov ua dua rau hauv Struysky Theatre. Lub tsev no feem ntau tuaj xyuas los ntawm cov pej xeem ntawm Zamoskvorechye. Tsis ntev nws tau hloov mus rau hauv Theatre of Miniatures. Tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1917, theatre tau nationalized los ntawm Bolsheviks. Ib tug ntau yam ntawm troupes ua nyob rau theem, uas nthuav qhia kev ua yeeb yam ntawm ntau cov lus qhia. Nyob rau hauv 1922, lub ua yeeb yam ntawm lub Zamoskvoretsky Soviet tau tsim nyob rau ntawm no. Peb xyoos tom qab, nws tau txais lub npe ntawm Moscow Theatre ntawm Leningrad City Council. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv 1943, thaum ua tsov ua rog, ib ceg ntawm Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka tau tsim nyob rau ntawm no. Thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim rau Lub Ib Hlis 1, 1944 raws li Ostrovsky qhov kev ua si "Nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw tsis khoom". Thawj thawj zaug tau tshwm sim thaum Lub Ib Hlis 25, 1944, nws yog qhov ua yeeb yam "Engineer Sergeev".

Npe theatre

History qhia tau hais tias Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka tau dhau los ua lub npe tsuas yog vim nws loj. Lub tsev yog me me piv rau cov nyob sib ze Bolshoi Theatre, uas yog npaj rau opera thiab ballet ua yeeb yam. Tsis ntev nolub npe "Me", zoo li "Big", tig mus rau lub npe zoo. Tam sim no cov npe no thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no suab raws nraim hauv Lavxias. Lub repertoire ntawm Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka muaj kev ua yeeb yam raws li cov hauj lwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics: Pushkin, Gogol, Griboyedov, Turgenev, Ostrovsky. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg tuaj saib tau nthuav tawm nrog kev tsim khoom raws li Shakespeare thiab Schiller. Ntawm txhua tus kws sau ntawv txawv teb chaws, lawv tau txais qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws. Nrog rau kev ua yeeb yam loj, theem ntawm Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka ntxias cov neeg tuaj saib nrog lub teeb repertoire, cov no yog melodramas, vaudevilles.

Theatre thaum ua rog

Thaum Tsov Rog Ntiaj Teb Zaum II, Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka tau koom nrog hauv kev tawm tsam cov Nazi invaders. Pawg ua yeeb yam tau pab txhawb rau kev yeej zoo. Cov kws ua yeeb yam yog ib feem ntawm cov tub rog nyob rau pem hauv ntej, ua rau pem hauv ntej ntawm cov tub rog hauv tsev kho mob, cov tub rog. Xyoo 1943, Pawg Sab Laj txawm tsim. Pab neeg no tau muab ib txoj hauj lwm - artistic kev pab cuam ntawm fighters ntawm lub Soviet Army. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, Maly Theatre thiab nws cov ceg pem hauv ntej tau muab ntau tshaj 2,700 concerts thiab ua yeeb yam. Tag nrho cov nyiaj tau los ntawm pab pawg tau raug coj mus rau kev tsim kho ntawm pab tub rog ntawm lub dav hlau, uas tau pauv mus rau cov tub rog hauv thaj chaw. Xyoo 1944-1945, pawg tub rog no tau ua tiav cov Nazis nyob rau saum ntuj ntawm East Prussia.

Maly theatre of our time

Ib tug yuav pom nws paub tsis meej tias cov neeg ua yeeb yam ntseeg tias lub tsev me me, austerekhaws cov aura ntawm qub, ntev mus zoo artists. Ntsuj Plig tiv thaiv thiab khaws cia ua yeeb yam hauv lub sijhawm nyuaj tshaj plaws. Lawv khaws cia rau hauv cov hnub tom qab kev hloov pauv tsis raug cai nyob rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, pab kom tsis txhob ploj mus rau xyoo ua tsov ua rog. Txawm hais tias muaj kev hloov pauv sai hauv lub neej, kev kub ntxhov, tsis ruaj khov, kev ua yeeb yam ib txwm muaj.

Hauv xyoo 1995, Maly Theatre ntawm Ordynka tau qhib ib theem tom qab kho. Kev ua yeeb yam rau hnub no yog nyob rau ob theem. Txog rau tam sim no, troupe lub repertoire tseem nplua nuj nyob rau hauv classical tej hauj lwm. Lub hauv paus yog Ostrovsky plays. Cov pab pawg Maly suav nrog cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo Bystritskaya, Kayurov, Korshunov, Martsevich, Muravyova, Klyuev, Nevzorov, Bochkarev, Klyukvin, Potapov thiab ntau lwm tus. Ntau tshaj li ib puas tus kws ua yeeb yam tau koom nrog hauv pab pawg. Feem ntau, Maly Theatre muaj ntau dua 700 tus neeg. Lub theatre muaj nws tus kheej orchestra, qhov twg cov kws ntaus nkauj ntawm cov chav kawm siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm. Cov pab pawg feem ntau muab kev ua yeeb yam hauv lwm lub tebchaws thiab nroog. Kev ncig xyuas thaj chaw suav nrog cov tebchaws xws li Finland, Ltalis, Fabkis, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Ixayees, Nyiv, Tim Nkij teb chaws, Cyprus, Bulgaria, Hungary, Mongolia thiab ntau lwm tus. Los ntawm txoj cai ntawm Thawj Tswj Hwm ntawm Russia, Maly Theatre tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub teb chaws cov khoom muaj nqis.