Yuav ua li cas xam lub sijhawm sau ntawv. Yuav piav qhia lub sijhawm sau ntawv rau tus menyuam li cas. Nco ntsoov lub sij hawm notation

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Rhythm yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev paub suab paj nruag, txoj kev xav ntawm daim duab kos duab no. Txhawm rau kom nkag siab tias lub suab zoo li cas, nws raug txiav txim siab li cas thiab ua raws li nws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab lub sijhawm ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab nres, yam tsis muaj suab paj nruag zoo nkauj tshaj plaws yuav yog ib qho monotonous repetition ntawm lub suab tsis muaj kev xav., ntxoov thiab kev xav. Cia peb xav txog tshooj no ntawm solfeggio kom ntxaws ntxiv, txij thaum pib mus txog thaum kawg.

Basic foundation of suab paj nruag theory

Xyaum txhua tus neeg ntawm ib zaug lossis lwm qhov kev kawm suab paj nruag. Ib tug neeg lub hom phiaj mus rau lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag, ib tug neeg tau txais kev qhia tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv. Cov menyuam yaus feem ntau tau txais kev paub hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv kev kawm dav dav, qhov twg tus kws qhia qhia yuav ua li cas suav rau lub suab paj nruag, ntaus nrog koj txhais tes rau kev ntaus, thiab nres. Yog li ntawd, yuav luag txhua tus niaj hnub no nkag siab tias lub sijhawm ntawm daim ntawv yog dab tsi, tus nqi no txawv li cas thiab nws nyob ntawm seb. Ib tug neeg to taub qhov no zoo dua, lwm tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv kev sib koom txhua. Yog li ntawd, yog tias thaum yau koj tsis muaj teeb meem nrog kev sib dhos, thiab cov lus qhia suab paj nruag zoo li rau koj qhov kev lom zem thiab kev lom zem ua si, tom qab ntawd hauv kab lus no koj yuav pom ntau yam nthuav thiab, tej zaum, nrhiav tau ib qho txuj ci tshiab hauv koj tus kheej. Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias cov ntaub ntawv no tuaj yeem dhau los ua koj phau ntawv qhia hauv kev qhia menyuam suab paj nruag.

Cov ntsiab lus dav dav hauv ntu no

Yuav kom ua kom pom tseeb rau txhua tus nyeem nws yog dab tsi thiab nws siv li cas hauv kev xyaum, thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, nws cuam tshuam nrog suab paj nruag li cas, peb yuav xav txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab lawv lub ntsiab lus:

• Rhythm yog qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov tsis muaj zog thiab muaj zog ntaus uas muaj nyob hauv txhua daim ntawv suab paj nruag. Nov yog ib lub koom haum ntawm lub suab thiab lawv cov kev sib txuas.
• Size yog qhov sib npaug ntawm kev sib tw uas faib cov haujlwm ua haujlwm sib npaug. Cov ntu no peb hu ua shares.
• Tempo - qhov ceev ntawm lub suab nrov heev uas lub metronome tsim - cov khoom siv feem ntau siv hauv suab paj nruag. Nrog nws cov kev pab, qhov ceev ntawm kev ua tau zoo ntawm ib qho kev txiav txim siab.

Note duration yog ib lub tswvyim uas muaj tag nrho peb cov lus saum toj no. Tsom ntsoov rau hom ntawv sau hauv phau ntawv, koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab nws qhov loj me. Thiab tam sim no peb tuaj rau qhov nthuav tshaj plaws: dab tsi yog cov ntawv sau, lub sijhawm ntawm txhua tus ntawm lawv yog dab tsi, lawv tau qhia rau hauv tsab ntawv li cas thiab nyeem lawv li cas? Nyeem cov lus teb rau tag nrho cov no thiab ntau cov lus nug hauv qab no.

Renderingnkauj duab

Thawj qhov uas yuav tsum nkag siab thaum kawm suab paj nruag yog kev faib lub sijhawm ntawm lub suab. Lub ntsiab lus pib rau peb yog lub sijhawm ntawm tag nrho cov ntawv, vim nws yog lub suab ntev tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov nplai. Ib daim ntawv tag nrho muab faib ua ib nrab, lossis ib nrab sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv tag nrho, muaj ob halves, uas, nyob rau hauv lem, kuj muab faib nyob rau hauv ib nrab, yog li tsim lub quarters, los yog lub quarter durations. Nws hloov tawm hais tias nyob rau hauv ib nrab daim ntawv - ob lub quarters, thiab nyob rau hauv ib tug tag nrho - plaub. Yog li ntawd, xws li kev faib, ntau ntawm plaub, tuaj yeem tshwm sim tsis muaj hnub kawg. Lub quarters muab faib ua yim, cov rau hauv kaum rau, tom qab ntawd peb caug-ob, rau caum-plaub, thiab lwm yam. Raws li qhov no, peb tuaj yeem txiav txim siab tias thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv tag nrho, yim yim sau lossis kaum rau kaum rau lub sijhawm tuaj yeem ua suab, uas thaum kawg cuam tshuam rau kev tsim txiaj thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb.

Yuav piav qhia lub sijhawm sau ntawv rau tus menyuam li cas

Cov tswv yim zoo li no, tau kawg, yog qhov nkag siab rau txhua tus neeg laus, tab sis tus menyuam yaus uas tsis paub txog lej, uas tseem tsis tau muaj lub tswv yim nplua nuj thiab muaj kev paub ntau, tsis tuaj yeem nkag siab meej. Tab sis muaj ib txoj hauv kev uas tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam nkag siab txog qhov no ntawm lub suab paj nruag txoj kev xav, thiab nws yog hu ua - "kev faib lub ncuav qab zib." Xav txog tias peb muaj tag nrho cov ncuav mog qab zib uas muaj qhov hnyav. Nws yog ib daim ntawv tag nrho uas kav ntev npaum li cas. Thaum peb txiav lub ncuav rau hauv obhalves, lawv qhov hnyav tag nrho tsis hloov, thiab lawv nyob hauv tib cheeb tsam. Ib nrab ncua sij hawm ua raws li kev sib piv. Tam sim no peb txiav txhua lub halves nyob rau hauv ib nrab, peb tau quarters. Peb tau txais plaub lub quarters, txhua qhov tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob yim. Thiab lwm zaus, sim ua qhov txawv: txiav lub ncuav mog qab zib hauv ib nrab, faib ib nrab rau hauv ob qhov ntxiv (quarters), thiab tawm tag nrho lwm yam. Yog li koj yuav muaj ib nrab thiab ob peb lub hlis twg, uas yog, peb feem, tab sis ib qho loj, thiab ob qho yog nws ib nrab.

Note duration and measure

Tag nrho cov suab paj nruag, raws li koj paub, tau muab tso ua ke rau hauv kev ntsuas, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov, tig, nyob ntawm qhov loj me. Qhov ntsuas no tuaj yeem muaj cov npe hauv qab no: plaub lub hlis twg, ob lub hlis twg, tsib lub hlis twg, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog qhov loj me uas tso cai rau peb kom nkag siab yuav ua li cas suav lub sijhawm ntawm cov ntawv, pes tsawg tus neeg ntaus sib txawv tuaj yeem nyob rau hauv ib qho kev ntsuas. Nws yog kev cai coj ib lub hlis twg raws li lub hauv paus ntawm qhov loj, uas tuaj yeem rov ua dua ob, peb, plaub lossis ntau zaus. Hauv thawj kis, nws yuav yog qhov loj 2/4 (ob lub hlis twg), 3/4, 4/4, 5/4 (tsib lub quarters - ib qho ntawm cov nyiam tshaj plaws thiab nyuaj ua haujlwm). Yog tias peb xaiv, hais, 4/4, qhov no txhais tau hais tias plaub lub hlis twg, lossis ob qhov, lossis ib daim ntawv tag nrho tuaj yeem haum rau hauv ib qho kev ntsuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, tej zaum yuav muaj lwm qhov sib koom ua ke, uas tag nrho yuav sawv cev plaub lub hlis twg. Tsawg zaus hauv kev ua haujlwm koj tuaj yeem pom qhov ntau thiab tsawg, uas yog raws li daim ntawv thib yim. Feem ntau yog qhov thib obyog ntau yam ntawm peb, uas yog, peb tau qhov loj 3/8 (peb yim), 6/8 thiab lwm yam.

Txoj kev ceeb toom ncua sij hawm

Tam sim no peb tuaj txog yuav ua li cas txiav cov ntawv luam tawm, yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab nws lub sijhawm los ntawm nws qhov tsos. Yog li, lub suab paj nruag kos npe (peb tuaj yeem hais tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv hom kev kos duab) ib txwm muaj lub taub hau, uas yog, lub hauv paus. Lub siab tuaj yeem txuas rau nws, thiab tus Tsov tus tw tuaj yeem txuas rau qhov siab. Qhov no cuam tshuam li cas rau lub sijhawm? Yog li, tag nrho cov ntawv, uas yog, qhov loj tshaj plaws, yog pob tshab (unshaded) semicircle yam tsis muaj lwm yam ntsiab lus. Ib nrab ncua sij hawm tseem tsis tau ntxoov ntxoo, txawm li cas los xij, stems raug muab rau lawv - sticks uas tau coj mus rau sab saud (rau cov ntawv sau uas nyob rau hauv qis dua ntawm lub camp) lossis downwards (rau lub suab siab dua). Lub quarters kuj muaj qhov siab, tab sis lawv lub taub hau kuj muaj qhov ntxoov ntxoo tag. Peb ntxiv ib qho chaw ntsiag to rau yim, tus Tsov tus tw rau lub siab, thiab pleev xim rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm daim ntawv. Raws li kev sau ntawv ntawm lub sijhawm luv, lawv txhua tus tau piav qhia raws li cov ntawv thib yim, tsuas yog lawv muaj ob npaug, peb npaug, plaub lub tails.

Rhythm, meter and tempo of music

Raws li koj tau nkag siab lawm, lub sijhawm sau ntawv yog lub hauv paus ntawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis muaj kev nkag siab uas nws tsis tuaj yeem kawm ntxiv thiab nkag siab suab paj nruag. Lub technicality ntawm ib qho kev ua haujlwm nyob ntawm seb qhov ntev npaum li cas nws muaj thiab ntawm qhov ceev lawv yuav tsum tau ua si. Nws yog los ntawm cov ntsuas no uas cov tub txawg paub txog cov style ntawm ntau yam classical composers. Piv txwv li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau J. S. Bach los sau ntau cov duab kos tawm (txawm tiaskuj tseem muaj qhov nrawm nrawm), suav nrog ib nrab thiab peb lub hlis twg, uas yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qeeb qeeb. F. Chopin, ntawm qhov tod tes, sau cov ntawv uas muaj yim thiab kaum rau (feem ntau peb caug-ob), uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nrawm heev.