Ntsuas hauv kev txheeb xyuas: iambic tetrameter

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

pib nrog, cia peb tham luv luv rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab paj huam.

Reform of Russian versification

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov paj huam loj (ib qho uas yog iambic tetrameter) hauv Lavxias cov ntawv nyeem tau siv sijhawm ntev thiab tsis sib xws. Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th, rhyme yog cumbersome, hnyav thiab pom tau tias nyuaj heev. Tab sis tom qab ob peb xyoos, paj huam tau raug hloov kho loj, uas feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog cov npe ntawm Trediakovsky thiab Lomonosov. Lub tom kawg generalized tag nrho cov kev paub txog versification, paub qhov sib npaug ntawm txhua qhov ntau thiab tsawg faib los ntawm Trediakovsky, tab sis nws tus kheej muab nyiam rau iambic. Needless hais, nws tsis nyob ib leeg. Yamb tau ruaj khov rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau tus kws sau paj huam Lavxias xws li Derzhavin, Zhukovsky, Pushkin thiab Lermontov.

Lub iambic tetrameter tau dhau los ua qhov loj tshaj plaws. Ib tug ko taw yog ib pawg lus nyob rau hauv ib zaj paj huam uas koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho kev sib dhos, hauv lwm lo lus, kev ntxhov siab. Tus lej plaub hauv lub npe qhia tias qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum tau muab tso rau txhua lub suab (thib ob hauv ib kab). Los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb yooj yim no, iambic nws tus kheej yog tsim. Xav txog cov piv txwv.

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas iambic?

Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj los txhais iambic tetrameter, muaj ntau ntau yam piv txwv ntawm nws. Yog tias peb nthuav qhia qhov loj me no hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov lus tsis sib xws thiab, kom pom tseeb dua, taw qhia hauv cov tsiaj ntawv loj cov lus uas yuav raug kev ntxhov siab, peb tau txais qee yam xws li:

tADA TADA TADA PUBOOM

Thiab li ntawd, cov piv txwv tsis muaj qhov kawg. Hloov cov lus muab los ntawm lub taub hau, nws yog ib qho yooj yim los hloov cov lus thiab yog li tau txais ib tug couplet, qhov loj ntawm uas yog iambic tetrameter:

koj yog qhov kuv nyiam, lub teeb nqaj, Cov lus uas ua raws li cov lus nyuaj yog hu ua "clauses". Thiab cov kev ntxhov siab hauv txhua kab yog iktami. Thaum nyeem ntawv nrov nrov, qee qhov kev ntxhov siab tuaj yeem hla dhau los ua kom cov kab ntau melodic, ya, hnyav. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua "pyrrhic". Tab sis txhawm rau kom nkag siab txog iambic tetrameter nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm koj, koj yuav tsum rov sau ib kab ntawm cov paj huam thiab qhia tag nrho cov kev ntxhov siab rau koj tus kheej, thiab tom qab ntawd xam seb muaj pes tsawg cov lus ntxhov siab hauv kev ua haujlwm. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tsis txhob hnov qab tias qhov kev ntxhov siab yuav tsum poob ntawm lub suab lus!

Yambic yog dab tsi?

Tsis txhob xav tias tsuas muaj iambic tetrameter xwb. Tus naj npawb ntawm kev nres tsuas yog nyob ntawm tus sau ntawm txoj haujlwm poetic. Yog li ntawd, koj tuaj yeem pom nws qhov kev hloov kho ib-ko taw, piv txwv li:

SMOKE

SMOKE

taRAM

paraRAM

Yog cov kab txawv - pem hauv ntej ntawm koj yog ob-taw iambic, txawm tias - peb-taw ib.

kaRA, kaRA

taRA, TIRA, VARA

Muaj tus lej tsis kawg ntawm cov piv txwv zoo li no. Qhov ntau yam ntawm iambic tsuas yog nyob ntawm tus kws sau paj huam. Tab sis iambic tetrameter yog nyob deb ntawm cov neeg nyiam tshaj plaws. Kev mloog ntau ntxiv tshwm sim vim qhov simplicity, qhov hnyav ntawm qhov kev sib tw poetic. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim thiab qab ntxiag los sau, thiab txawm yooj yim nyeem. nquag siv iambic rau niaj hnub no. Los ntawm kev kawm paub nws ib zaug, koj tuaj yeem sau paj huam zoo rau koj tus kheej. Yuav muaj cov lus sib dhos, tab sis koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov suab paj nruag. Peb thov ua tsaug rau koj txoj hmoov zoo nyob rau hauv tag nrho koj txoj kev mob siab!