Tus neeg tsis nco qab hauv Marshak zaj paj huam thiab hauv lub neej

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Koj puas nco qab leej twg sau "Tus txiv neej tsis nco qab" (ntau qhov tseeb, "Qhov ntawd yog li cas absent-minded")? Ntau tshaj li ib tiam neeg loj hlob ntawm cov paj huam thuam ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Soviet no. Thiab niaj hnub no, cov niam txiv nyeem ntawv rau lawv cov menyuam thaum yav tsaus ntuj "Cov Dab Neeg ntawm Tus Nas ruam", "Cov menyuam yaus hauv lub tawb" thiab "Snooze thiab yawn". Txawm tias cov neeg laus uas muaj lub cim xeeb tsis tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tuaj yeem hais tau: "Kuv lub pob zoo siab, koj puas tau khiav mus qhov twg?", "Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, Lub Kaum Ob Hlis, tag nrho cov ntoo yog nyiaj" lossis "Tus poj niam kuaj hauv lub rooj zaum, lub hnab, ib lub hnab …". Xws li yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv no - lawv nco qab, zoo li cov nkauj uas tau ua tiav kev sib hloov.

Doodle rau Google

Tab sis zaj paj huam tshaj tawm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam yog zaj dab neeg ntawm tus txiv neej tsis xav tias "tsis txhob hnav lub kaus mom thaum mus" muab lub lauj kaub kib, tsis meej pem nrog lub tsho, thiab hnab looj tes nrog khau looj plab hlaub. Qhov nrov ntawm kev ua haujlwm tau zoo heev uas nyob rau xyoo 2012, thaum lub ntiaj teb ua kev zoo siab rau 125 xyoos ntawm nws tus tsim, txawm tias Google tau poob rau qhov kev xav tsis thoob. Hnub no, cov neeg siv ntawm lub tshuab tshawb nrhiav lus dab neeg tau txais tos nrog doodle lom zem, uas cov ntawv paub tau tawg thiab sawv rov qab.

Tus sau paj huam -Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak. Ib tug neeg tawg ri niab yog ib daim duab sib sau ua ke, txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias muaj ob peb tus qauv tiag.

Heel Ivanov

Ntau zaus dua li lwm tus, lub npe ntawm Ivan Alekseevich Kablukov, tus kws tshaj lij uas paub zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev chemistry, hu ua. Muaj tseeb, tus kws tshawb fawb no nyob hauv Moscow, thiab tsis yog nyob rau sab qaum teb lub nroog, tab sis lwm yam, nws zoo sib xws: tsis nco qab, ntxim nyiam thiab tsis meej pem cov lus thiab cov ntawv. Nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov ntxhib ntxhib ntxhib los mos ntawm yav tom ntej paj huam, tus hero sau hais tias nws lub npe yog "Kabluk Ivanov." Ivan Kablukov tiag tiag hu nws ob txoj kev nyiam "chemistry thiab physics"; Thaum nws tau teem tseg, nws tuaj yeem hais tias "shovel popped" es tsis yog "lub khob tawg."

Lev Petrovich

Leej twg thov lub npe "tus txiv neej cuam tshuam los ntawm Basseinaya Street"? Ib tug version hais tias nyob rau hauv 1926 Marshak luam tawm ib zaj paj huam hu ua "Lev Petrovich". Nws yog kiag li tsis paub rau cov pej xeem, vim hais tias nws tawm nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm lub symbolist Vladimir Piast. Nyob rau hauv lub 20s ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, tus kws sau paj lug yog neeg pluag heev, thiab Marshak tau tswj kom "pob tawm" ib tug ua ntej rau nws los ntawm kev sau ntawv cov thawj coj rau luam tawm ib tug yav tom ntej menyuam phau ntawv. Txij li thaum Piast tsis paub sau ntawv rau me nyuam li cas, Marshak tau sau paj huam rau nws tus phooj ywg.

Tus txiv neej tsis nco qab Lev Petrovich muab tus miv nyob rau ntawm nws lub taub hau es tsis txhob lub kaus mom, thiab tos lub tsheb ciav hlau "rau taws ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj." Cov neeg koom nrog ntseeg tias cov duab no tau "sau" los ntawm Vladimir Alekseevich Pyast nws tus kheej, uas tau txawv los ntawm kev tsis txaus siab thiabeccentricity. Qhov no version yog indirectly lees paub los ntawm lub xub ntiag nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov qauv qauv ntawm ib tug hint ntawm ib zaj dab neeg ntawm tus kws sau paj lug lub neej: "Tshwj tsis yog tshuaj yej, nws ncuav tus number case rau hauv lub khob tshuaj yej."

Marshak lossis Kharms?

Qee cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias tus neeg tsis nco qab yog tus sau txoj haujlwm, Samuil Marshak. Allegedly, nws yog characterized los ntawm tsis muaj kev sib dhos. Muaj tseeb tiag, lwm tus tau ntseeg tias tus cwj pwm zoo li no kuj yog ib feem ntawm qhov tam sim no hu ua PR. Cov kws sau txuj ci lawv tus kheej tau tsim thiab "tsim" lawv cov duab rau yav tom ntej.

Tsis yog Marshak nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem Piast, nrog rau Daniil Kharms raug xav tias txhob txwm ua rau lub siab xav. Nyob rau hauv cov hauj lwm ntawm lub tom kawg, los ntawm txoj kev, ib tug kuj yuav nrhiav tau lub ntsiab ntawm tsis nco qab thiab inattention, embodied nyob rau hauv absurd dluab: Pushkin, lossi stumbling tshaj Gogol thiab hu rau epigrams "erpigarms", thiab Zhukovsky - Zhukov; Cov neeg nyob hauv nroog, leej twg tsis nco qab "uas yog thawj zaug - 7 lossis 8", thiab cov poj niam laus poob tawm ntawm qhov rais.

Ntau me ntsis txog cov qauv

Kev txawj ntse tiag tiag yog ib qho kev nthuav dav. Yog li ntawd, ntau tus neeg tuaj yeem thov lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus qauv ntawm "tus txiv neej cuam tshuam". Nws tau hais tias Mendeleev tsis tu ncua tshem tawm nws cov galoshes thaum nkag mus rau hauv lub tsheb ciav hlau. Thaj, nws tsis meej pem yooj yim thauj nrog tsev. Tsis yog Marshak sau txog nws: "Nws pib hnav leggings. Lawv hais rau nws tias: “Tsis yog koj li!”

Lwm tus kws tshuaj, thiab tus kws sau ntawv ib nrab sijhawm, Alexander Borodin, ib zaug, nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev noj hmo hauv nws lub tsev, ua rau cov qhua xav tsis thoob. Nws hnav nws lub tsho, nrov nrov hais lus zoo rau sawv daws, piav qhia tias txog lub sijhawm nws yuav rov qab los … tsev. Puas yog nws tsis yog rooj plaub no uas tau tshoov cov kab: Tau raunws tau los ua ib lub tsho loj. Lawv hais rau nws tias: “Tsis yog!”.

Tej zaum "tus txiv neej cuam tshuam los ntawm txoj kev Basseynaya" yog Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov? Tom qab tag nrho, nws yeej nyob ntawm St. Petersburg txoj kev nrog lub npe ntawd (tam sim no nws dais lub npe ntawm ib tug neeg sau paj huam)? Muaj ib hnub, tus neeg sau ntawv "Lavxias teb sab poj niam" yuav luag tawm ntawm Lavxias cov ntaub ntawv yam tsis muaj cov ntawv tshiab "Yuav Ua Li Cas?".

Chernyshevsky, uas tau zaum hauv Peter thiab Paul Fortress, tau muab cov ntawv sau hauv cov ntawv me me rau 4 lub hlis, thiab Nekrasov, maj nrawm mus rau lub tsev tshaj tawm, muab tso rau ntawm txoj kev, thiab tsis pom nws. Ob peb hnub tom qab, hmoov zoo, cov ntaub ntawv raug xa rov qab rau qhov khoom plig loj rau lub sijhawm ntawd - 100 rubles. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws sau paj huam-tshaj tawm thawj zaug tau cog lus tias yuav them tus neeg nrhiav 50 rubles, tab sis vim tsis nco qab nws tau muab nyiaj ntau dua ob npaug.

Ntawm qhov tseeb ntawm daim duab

Zaj paj huam "Yuav ua li cas tsis nco qab" feem ntau nthuav tawm rau cov neeg nyeem raws li ib zaj dab neeg hais txog tus neeg uas hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg. Peb tsis paub nws lub npe lossis txoj haujlwm. Tus sau tsis muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog tus phab ej tsev neeg. Ntawm cov yam ntxwv muaj nyob rau hauv nws, tsuas yog hais txog kev coj zoo tuaj yeem raug sau tseg. Tej zaum qhov no yog txhua yam uas zaj paj huam qhia peb txog. Ib tug neeg tsis nco qab yog tus embodiment ntawm ib tug cwj pwm zoo nyob rau hauv ib tug exaggerated daim ntawv.

Txawm li cas los xij, raws li peb tau pom lawm, daim duab no tsis tuaj yeem hu ua absurd. Cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws tau tshwm sim ntau zaus nrog cov neeg paub thiab tsis paub, nrog cov kws tshawb fawb, kws sau ntawv thiab cov kws ntaus nkauj, nrog tus phab ej ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab cov yeeb yaj kiab. Lawv tseem tshwm sim niaj hnub no. Cov neeg feem coob raug kev txom nyem los ntawm kev hnov qab, tsis nco qab, tsis muaj kev xav ntau dhau ib ntus.

Nyob rau qhov tseeb

Leej twg yog tus neeg cuam tshuam? Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm psychology, qhov no yog ib tus neeg uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm qhov tsis muaj peev xwm mloog tau. Qhov tseeb tsis muaj lub siab xav tau nkag siab tias yog lub xeev ntawm ib hom kev pe hawm, thaum tus neeg tsis tuaj yeem mloog zoo rau ib yam dab tsi, rau qee lub sijhawm "tawm" los ntawm kev muaj tiag. Ib qho ntawm ntau yam txaus ntshai ntawm tus mob no yog hu ua "txoj kev hypnosis", paub txog ntau tus neeg tsav tsheb. Los ntawm ib tug ntev monotonous caij, ib tug neeg poob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm ib nrab pw tsaug zog. Qee lub sij hawm, nws xav tias muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm lub sijhawm. Dab tsi tshwm sim rau nws tam sim no: nws puas tsaug zog, dhau lawm? Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim.

Qhov ua rau muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg tiag tiag yog insomnia, mob taub hau, qaug zog hnyav, ua haujlwm monotonous monotonous. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj hais tias Marshak tus hero raug kev txom nyem los ntawm nws, tab sis qee cov tsos mob qhia tias nws ua tau. Ib tug neeg nyob hauv txoj kev Basseinaya tau pw tsaug zog tau ob hnub, raws li lawv hais, tsis muaj ob txhais ceg. Puas yog qhov no tsis qhia txog kev qaug zog ntawm tus neeg, tsis muaj kev pw tsaug zog thiab so hauv nws lub neej?

About imaginary distraction

Vim li cas peb feem ntau xav tias tus neeg tsis nco qab yog ib tus kws sau paj huam npau suav lossis tus kws tshaj lij? Qhov tseeb yog tias psychologists paub qhov txawv ntawm lwm hom kev tsis pom kev - kev xav. Kev xav txog kev xav tsis meej pem yog ib qho kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev muaj zog sab hauv ntawm qee lub ntsiab lus, teeb meem. Ib tug neeg absorbed nyob rau hauv ib lub tswv yim uas tseem ceeb rau nws yog tsis muaj peev xwm faibkoj cov xim ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem "ua raws" txhua yam ib zaug. Li no - inattention rau niaj hnub trifles, tsis nco qab, tsis muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau cov lus thiab hais lus tshwj xeeb.

Cov niam txiv feem ntau liam cov menyuam yaus ntawm kev cuam tshuam, tab sis feem ntau nws qhov tshwm sim yog pov thawj ntawm sab hauv. Tus txiv neej me tab tom tsis khoom nrog qhov teeb meem loj heev: nws kawm lub ntiaj teb uas muaj ntau yam khaus uas qee zaum yooj yim ua tsis tau raws li lawv!

Tus phab ej thiab nws lub sijhawm

Yog peb nco qab txog lub sijhawm uas tsim kev ua haujlwm, ces tus neeg laus nyeem ntawv yuav muaj peev xwm nrhiav tau hauv nws cov lus qhia txog cov xwm txheej uas nws yog ib txwm ua kom nyob twj ywm.

Paj huam tau sau xyoo 1928, thiab tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1930. Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, Nikolai Gumilyov twb raug tua, nws cov kab ("Nres, wagon tsav, nres lub tsheb tam sim no!") Marshak parodies. Xyoo 1930 Piast raug ntes, xyoo 1931 Kharms.

Thiab hauv cov kab lis kev cai, kev sib tham loj tau ua tiav: cov ntaub ntawv menyuam yaus puas tuaj yeem ua si lossis txawm tias (Vajtswv txwv!) funny? Cov lus xaus tsis meej: kev ua haujlwm rau cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum loj. Puas yog lwm yam? Tom qab tag nrho, luag yog qhov tsis sib xws rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub xeev totalitarian. Lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg xav nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum tuaj yeem ua rau nws poob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm prostration - raws li kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv qhov tshwm sim. Tom qab tag nrho, cov kws tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws hu rau kev nyuaj siab thiab kev ntxhov siab vim yog ib qho laj thawj rau kev tsis nco qab.

Yog li tus neeg tsis txaus siab ntawm Marshak yog, ntawm chav kawm, tus neeg funny, tab sis yog vim li casQhov tshwm sim rau nws tuaj yeem yog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws.