2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Txawm cov neeg uas tsis txawj thab plaub los yeej muaj lub tswv yim tias tseem muaj txoj sia nyob li cas. Cov no yog cov duab kos duab uas piav qhia txog cov khoom siv hauv tsev lossis paj. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis yog txhua tus paub tias lo lus no txhais li cas - tseem muaj sia nyob. Tam sim no peb yuav qhia rau koj txog qhov no thiab ntau lwm yam ntsig txog hom no.
Keeb kwm ntawm lo lus "tseem muaj sia"
Yog li, cov lus qhia xwm txheej tau tuaj rau lus Lavxias, tau kawg, los ntawm Fab Kis. Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, nws tau muab faib ua ob ntu - "nature" thiab "morte", uas tau txhais raws li "nature, xwm, lub neej" thiab "tuag, ntsiag to, tsis muaj zog". Tam sim no peb ntxiv ob ntu ua ke thiab tau txais lo lus paub "tseem muaj sia nyob".
Raws li tag nrho cov saum toj no, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias lub neej tseem yog ib hom kev kos duab easel, tus kws kos duab piav qhia txog qhov khov, tsis muaj zog ntawm daim ntaub. Muaj tseeb, qee zaum tseem muaj sia nyob masters ntxiv lawv cov duab kos nrog cov duab ntawm cov tsiaj muaj sia -butterflies, kab ntsig, kab laug sab thiab kab thiab txawm noog. Tab sis qhov kev zam tsuas yog lees paub txoj cai yooj yim xwb.
Keeb kwm ntawm lub neej tseem rov qab yuav luag 600 xyoo. Mus txog rau xyoo pua 16th Nws yeej tsis tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau leej twg tias nws tuaj yeem pleev xim qee yam khoom tsis muaj sia, txawm tias zoo nkauj heev, nrog cov xim. Lub neej paintings tsuas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv cov hnub. Nyob rau hauv lub Nrab Hnub nyoog, painting twb mob siab rau tag nrho rau Vajtswv, lub tsev teev ntuj thiab txiv neej. Cov kws kos duab pleev xim rau cov duab ntawm kev cai dab qhuas, portraits kuj muaj kev hwm. Txawm cov toj roob hauv pes ua tsuas yog ntxiv.
Tab sis tseem, qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej tau pom nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th los ntawm cov neeg pleev kob Dutch. Nyob rau hauv lawv cov paintings nrog cov tsoos kev cai dab qhuas los yog mythological ntsiab lus, raws li zoo raws li nyob rau hauv portraits, muaj dluab ntawm ua tib zoo pleev xim rau paj garlands, phau ntawv, tais diav thiab txawm tib neeg pob txha taub hau. Ob peb centuries dhau los, thiab tag nrho lub ntiaj teb yuav qhuas cov creation ntawm lub thiaj li hu ua Me Me Dutchmen - masters ntawm tseem lub neej painting.
Txawm li cas los xij, lub neej tseem tshuav nws qhov kev sib cais ua ib hom kev ywj pheej ntawm kev kos duab tsis yog rau Dutch, tab sis rau Fabkis. Fabkis cov kws ua yeeb yam xws li François Deporte, Jean-Baptiste Chardin, Jean-Baptiste Monnoyer thiab Jean-Baptiste Oudry tau tsim cov ntsiab cai ntawm "kev kawm" painting, tsim nws lub tswv yim yooj yim thiab nthuav tawm rau cov pej xeem sawv daws txhua yam kev zoo nkauj thiab ntxim nyiam ntawm lub neej.
The era of the Me Dutch - the heyday of still life painting
Yog li, cia peb sim rov qab ob peb centuries dhau los txhawm raukom nkag siab tias tus Me Dutch yog leej twg thiab yog vim li cas, thaum nws los txog rau classical tseem lub neej, lawv ib txwm nco ntsoov. Thawj Dutch tseem muaj sia nyob yog cov tsim ntawm cov neeg pleev kob uas nyob hauv Netherlands hauv xyoo pua 17th. Me Me Dutch - qhov no yog lub npe ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm painting thiab lub zej zog ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas tsim me me niaj hnub paintings. Tau kawg, lawv pleev xim tsis tsuas yog tseem muaj sia.
Nrog lawv muaj ntau tus kws kos duab toj roob hauv pes thiab tus tswv ntawm hom painting. Lawv cov canvases tsis tau npaj rau txhua lub palaces thiab cov tsev teev ntuj, tab sis rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj lub tsev ntawm cov pej xeem zoo tib yam. Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, kwv yees li 3 txhiab tus kws ua yeeb yam nyob hauv Holland me me, thiab lawv txhua tus tau txawv los ntawm lawv lub peev xwm loj heev rau kev ua haujlwm thiab muaj peev xwm hloov pauv qhov kev zoo nkauj ntawm lub ntiaj teb niaj hnub zoo rau hauv daim ntaub. Tom qab ntawd, art historians yuav hu lub sij hawm no lub Dutch Renaissance. Twb yog thaum ntawd, hom kev ua neej tseem ceeb tau nthuav dav.
Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Dutch tseem muaj sia nyob
Ntawm Dutch zoo nkauj tseem muaj sia nyob, zoo li hauv qhov chaw ua yeeb yam, ntau yam khoom siv hauv chav ua noj, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, paj zoo nkauj, cov khoom siv hauv tsev tau muab tso rau pem hauv ntej ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib. Floral tseem muaj sia nyob tau nrov heev. Qhov no yog ib feem ntawm lub fact tias nyob rau hauv lub Netherlands rau centuries muaj ib tug cult ntawm paj thiab vaj. Ib qho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm Dutch tseem lub neej painting ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. yog cov kws ua yeeb yam Jan Davidsz de Heem, nrog rau nws tus tub Cornelis de Heem.
Lawv cov duab zoo nkauj tau txais koob meej thiab koob meej vim qhov tseeb tias lawv muaj peev xwm ua tau zoopaj thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Ua tib zoo elaboration ntawm cov ntsiab lus, ua ke nrog ib tug sophisticated xim tswvyim thiab zoo kawg nkaus tsim muaj pes tsawg leeg, ua rau lawv paintings incomparable. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam no pleev xim rau cov paj bouquets zoo nkauj, sawv hauv vases zoo nkauj, ib sab ntawm cov npauj npaim npauj npaim; txiv hmab txiv ntoo garlands; pob tshab iav ntim nrog cawv; tais diav nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab lwm yam txiv hmab txiv ntoo; suab paj nruag, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej tseem ceeb ntawm leej txiv thiab tus tub amaze nrog lawv cov realism, hloov maj mam rendering ntawm lub teeb thiab exquisite coloring.
Tseem lub neej hauv Impressionist painting
Fabkis impressionists thiab post-impressionists kuj tau xyuam xim rau cov hom ntawm tseem lub neej. Lawm, lawv cov qauv ntawm painting txawv sharply los ntawm qhov tseeb sophistication ntawm lub Lesser Dutchmen, vim hais tias classical painting ntawm lub Impressionists tsis nyiam. Claude Monet, Edouard Manet, Edgar Degas, Paul Cezanne, Van Gogh - tag nrho cov neeg ua yeeb yam no nyiam pleev xim paj thiab nroj tsuag, vim tias ob qho tib si yog ib feem ntawm qhov xwm txheej, qhov zoo nkauj uas lawv hu tag nrho lawv lub neej.
Auguste Renoir pleev xim rau tag nrho cov duab ntawm lub dav hlau zoo nkauj tseem nyob hauv nws lub neej. Qee lub sij hawm cov duab ntawm "khov xwm" yog xav tau los ntawm Impressionists tsuas yog ntxiv rau. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub painting "Noj tshais ntawm cov nyom" los ntawm Edouard Manet, nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej koj yuav pom ib tug zoo kawg li lub neej ntawm cov khaub ncaws tawg, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub mov tawg nyob rau hauv cov nyom. Van Gogh pleev xim rau ntau yam tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej. Muaj coob tus neeg paub nws paintings "Sunflowers" los yog "Irises", tab sis nws tseem muaj xws li canvases li"Van Gogh's Shoes" los yog "Van Gogh's Chair" yog tag nrho cov piv txwv ntawm tseem lub neej painting.
Russian tseem muaj sia
Nws yog ib qho xav tsis thoob tias nyob rau hauv Russia lub neej tseem yog ib hom ntawv cais tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev thov rau lub sijhawm ntev, raws li nws tau suav tias yuav luag qis tshaj ntawm txhua hom kev kos duab zoo nkauj, uas tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub los yog tshwj xeeb. txuj ci nyob rau hauv painting. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub XIX caug xyoo. Lavxias teb sab Wanderers muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj kev txaus siab rau hom kev kos duab ntawm cov pej xeem Lavxias.
Tom qab ntawd, ntau tus neeg pleev kob Lavxias tau nyiam ua lub neej tha xim. Tseem muaj lub neej ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo xws li Igor Grabar, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, Ivan Khrutskoy, Konstantin Korovin tuaj yeem pom hauv chav tsev Tretyakov Gallery, Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias, Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Fine Arts. Pushkin nyob rau hauv Moscow, thiab nyob rau hauv lub Hermitage. Tab sis qhov kev vam meej tiag tiag ntawm kev ua neej nyob niaj hnub no tau tshwm sim hauv peb lub tebchaws hauv lub sijhawm ntawm kev coj noj coj ua.
Photo tseem muaj sia
Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev yees duab hauv ntiaj teb kev kos duab, kev yees duab tseem nyob tau tshwm sim. Niaj hnub no, ntau tus neeg tau mob siab rau tsim cov duab zoo nkauj. Qee cov duab tsuas yog amazing nrog lawv cov zoo meej thiab kev txawj ntawm tus kws yees duab. Qee lub sij hawm, nrog kev pab los ntawm lub koob yees duab, cov kws yees duab muaj peev xwm tswj xyuas lub neej tseem ceeb uas tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov kev tsim nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm Lesser Dutchmen.
Yuav ua li cas kos lub neej
Txhawm rau pib kos lub neej tseem ceeb, koj yuav tsum xub sau nws los ntawm qee yam khoom. Rau thawj qhov kev sim nyob rau hauv lub neej painting, nws yog zoo dua tsis ua complex compositions, ob peb los yog pebcov khoom yuav txaus.
Tom ntej, kos lub neej tseem nyob hauv theem. Ua ntej koj yuav tsum tau ua ib daim duab nrog ib tug cwj mem los yog charcoal. Tom qab ntawd lub teeb underpainting raws li nram no, nthuav tawm cov xim tseem ceeb thiab cov duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab tsuas yog tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem mus ncaj qha mus rau kos cov ntsiab lus.
Pom zoo:
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv nyeem. Yuav ua li cas txiav txim siab lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntawv nyeem
Tus nyeem ntawv pom nyob rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem ib yam dab tsi ze rau nws, nyob ntawm seb lub ntiaj teb saib, theem ntawm kev txawj ntse, kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog. Thiab nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas tus neeg paub thiab nkag siab yuav nyob deb ntawm lub tswv yim tseem ceeb uas tus sau nws tus kheej tau sim muab tso rau hauv nws txoj haujlwm
Yuav ua li cas kos tib neeg txoj kev xav? Kev nthuav qhia ntawm kev xav ntawm daim ntawv, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub ntsej muag qhia, cov duab kos thiab cov lus qhia ib ntus
Ib daim duab ua tiav tuaj yeem suav tau tias yog ib txoj haujlwm uas zoo li yuav tshwm sim. Ib tug portrait ntawm ib tug neeg yog ua ciaj sia los ntawm cov kev xav uas tshwm sim rau nws. Qhov tseeb, nws tsis yog nyuaj rau kos cov kev xav li nws zoo nkaus li thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Cov kev xav uas koj kos rau ntawm daim ntawv yuav qhia txog lub xeev ntawm lub siab ntawm tus neeg uas nws portrait koj depicting
Kev tsim tawm ntawm cov duab nto moo los ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam: yuav ua li cas thiab qhov twg lawv tsim, cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov kev thov rau kev luam tawm
Ntau zaus hauv ntau cov ntawv xov xwm thiab cov ntawv luam tawm los ntawm cov tsev cia puav pheej, koj tuaj yeem pom cov duab kos duab nto moo los ntawm cov kws kos duab. Nws zoo nkaus li tias nws tsis yooj yim ua rau lawv, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum muaj lub koob yees duab thiab cov khoom siv tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog txhua qhov teeb meem; txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, yuav tsum muaj ntau yam khoom tshwj xeeb, nrog rau qee qhov kev paub thiab kev txawj ntse. Nws yog tsim nyog los soj ntsuam nyob rau hauv kom meej ntau lo lus nug ntawm yuav ua li cas luam cov paintings thiab yuav ua li cas yuav tsum tau rau qhov no
Cov Impressionists hauv Hermitage: cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo thiab lawv cov duab kos duab, qhov chaw, chaw ua yeeb yam, qhib sijhawm ntawm kev nthuav qhia thiab hnub tim
French art in the Hermitage. Cov hauj lwm uas masters tau nthuav tawm nyob rau hauv lub loj tshaj Lavxias teb sab tsev cia puav pheej nyob rau hauv St. Ob peb lo lus hais txog keeb kwm ntawm kev sau - kev pab ntawm patrons Shchukin thiab Morozov. Cov ntaub ntawv tiv tauj: qhov chaw nthuav qhia, cov sijhawm qhib, daim pib nqi
Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws: txhais, kev taw qhia hauv kev kos duab, nta ntawm cov duab thiab cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws
Abstract art, uas tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm lub sijhawm tshiab, yog ib qho kev taw qhia uas tau tso tseg cov ntawv uas ze rau qhov tseeb li sai tau. Tsis yog txhua leej txhua tus to taub, nws muab impetus rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cubism thiab expressionism. Lub ntsiab yam ntxwv ntawm abstractionism yog tsis-objectivity, uas yog, tsis muaj ib tug recognizable khoom nyob rau hauv lub canvas, thiab cov neeg tuaj saib pom ib yam dab tsi incomprehensible thiab dhau qhov kev tswj ntawm logic, uas yog tshaj li ib txwm kev xaav
