Korean cov ntaub ntawv. Cov kws sau ntawv Kauslim thiab lawv cov haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Korean cov ntaub ntawv tam sim no yog ib qho ntawm cov neeg nrhiav thiab nrov tshaj plaws nyob rau sab av loj Esxias. Keeb kwm, tej hauj lwm tau tsim nyob rau hauv Korean los yog nyob rau hauv classical Suav, txij li thaum lub teb chaws tsis muaj nws tus kheej cov tsiaj ntawv mus txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 15th. Yog li ntawd, txhua tus kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam siv tshwj xeeb cov cim Suav. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog cov kws sau ntawv Kauslim nto moo thiab lawv cov haujlwm.

Ntse

Qhov txawv ntawm Kauslim cov ntaub ntawv yog txiav txim siab los ntawm cov npe ntawm cov ntawv uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov haujlwm qub uas tau nrov hauv lub tebchaws no. Cov kws sau ntawv niaj hnub no thiab cov kws sau paj huam tsim lawv lub ntiaj teb kev xav nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm Western kab lis kev cai thiab kab lis kev cai, uas yog raws li kev txhim kho kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam.

Tib lub sijhawm, cov ntaub ntawv hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim pib los ntawm cov dab neeg thiab kev ntseeg ib txwm muaj. Cov kws tshawb fawb txheeb xyuas ntau yam tseem ceebcov ntaub ntawv poetic. Interestingly, Korean paj huam yog Ameslikas tsim rau hu nkauj. Nws yog nyob ntawm ntau pawg ntawm ntau lub suab uas sawv cev rau lub suab zoo ntawm cov lus.

Nyiaj

Ntawm cov hom ntawv Kauslim, hyanggu yuav tsum tau muab cais tawm. Nov yog zaj paj huam uas kuv taug kev. Qhov no yog lub npe ntawm archaic system ntawm kev siv hieroglyphs. Tsuas yog 25 txoj haujlwm uas tuaj yeem ua tau raws li hom no tau los rau peb. Lawv feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv Vaj Keeb Kwm ntawm Peb Lub Nceeg Vaj, sau nyob rau hauv 1279.

Sijo yog ib hom paj huam lyrical, uas txhais tau tias "soj nkauj luv", uas yog tag nrho nrog nws cov ntsiab lus. Thaum kawg, kasa yog ib hom paj huam medieval, uas yog ib txoj hauj lwm paj huam loj uas tau mob siab rau qhov pom ntawm lub teb chaws, cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb, cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm lub neej ntawm Kauslim nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg nyob ze.

YJung In Ji

Ib tus kws sau ntawv medieval nto moo tshaj plaws hauv Kauslim cov ntaub ntawv yog Jung In-ji, uas kuj yog ib tus neeg tseem ceeb hauv xeev thiab kws tshaj lij. Nws lub neej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 15th.

Jung In-ji yug hauv Seoul xyoo 1396. Nws raug coj los rau hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus thawj coj hauv lub nroog hauv lub xeev Gyeonggi-do. Nyob rau hauv plaub wang ntawm lub xeev Kauslim, Sejong tau txais ib qho chaw tseem ceeb hauv tsev hais plaub academy, hu ua "Pavilion ntawm lub rooj sib txoos ntawm sages".

Nws tau koom tes ncaj qha rau hauv kev tsim cov tsiaj ntawv hauv tebchaws "Hangul", uas nws tau ua haujlwm los ntawm 1444 txog 1446. yog tus sau zoo heevtus naj npawb ntawm kev nom kev tswv, keeb kwm thiab kev ua tub rog. Nws tau sau ob peb phau ntawv txog kev tshawb fawb tiag tiag. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub neej yog "History of Kauslim". Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, nws tau muab txhais los ntawm Kauslim mus rau Lavxias teb sab, thiab phau ntawv tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv Moscow nyob rau hauv 1960.

Nyob rau hauv Sejong, nws ua haujlwm ua Thawj Tswj Hwm. Hauv kev nom kev tswv, nws tawm tsam kev tshaj tawm txog kev ntseeg hauv lub tebchaws, uas nws thiaj li raug tshem tawm ntawm chaw ua haujlwm. Nws rov qab mus rau lub peev ntawm lub tsheb tom ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd tau txais kev lees paub rau pej xeem.

Nws tuag xyoo 1478.

Kim Man Joon

Nov yog ib tug kws sau paj huam Kauslim, kws tshawb fawb thiab nom tswv ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Nws yug hauv 1637. Tus kws sau paj lug thaum yau dhau los ntawm cov xwm txheej nyuaj, raws li lub teb chaws tau tswj hwm los ntawm Manchus, thiab nws txiv tau tua tus kheej tom qab raug ntes ntawm lub peev sai ua ntej nws yug los.

Kim Man Joon tswj kom tau txais kev kawm classical raws li ib tug tswv cuab ntawm tsev neeg aristocratic. Nws tau los ua ib tug nom thiab tau koom tes ncaj qha rau hauv pawg neeg tawm tsam kom muaj hwj chim. Yog li ntawd, nws tau txais lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus thawj coj ntawm tub rog. Tom qab sab hnub poob, uas nws koom nrog, raug tshem tawm ntawm lub hwj chim, Kim Man-joon raug ntiab tawm mus rau Namhae Island. Nyob rau hauv exile, nws tuag ntawm pulmonary tuberculosis.

Xyoo 1689, daim duab sau tias "Lady Sa's Wanderings in the South." Nws yog thawj phau ntawv luam tawm tshwj xeeb hauv Korean. Nws qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm ib tug poj niam uas tau hais lus phem los ntawm ib tug concubine, uas nws raug ncaws tawm ntawm nws lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no, tus sau piav txog txoj hmoo ntawm Empress Inkhen. Cov ntawv tshiab tau luam tawm"nyob rau hauv kub nrhiav". Tseem tau tshem tawm los ntawm kev tawm tsam kev nom kev tswv, tus sau rau txim rau nws tus thawj tswj hwm, uas yog tus nyiam ntawm concubines. Nyob rau hauv Kauslim cov ntaub ntawv, kev ua haujlwm ntawm Kim Man-jun yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Nws tau dhau los ua qauv ntawm tsev neeg tsis sib haum xeeb. Hauv cov dab neeg tom ntej, ib tus yuav ntsib kev qiv ntawm cov npe ntawm cov cim thiab txawm tias tag nrho ntu.

Nyob rau hauv exile, Kim Man-jun sau nws thib ob tshiab, Npau suav nyob rau hauv lub ntuj. Txoj haujlwm dhau los ua qhov tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov kev xav ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg lub cev, uas yuav tsum tau tawm tsam los ntawm kev mob siab rau. Txoj hauj lwm yog tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug hauj sam piv txwv.

Tseem, thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, nws sau paj huam ua lus Suav. Tuag rau xyoo 1692.

Park Chiwon

Park Chiwon yog ib tus kws sau ntawv Kauslim, tus kws tshawb fawb thiab kws tshawb fawb uas suav tias yog ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm Sirhak Pha kev txawj ntse hauv xyoo pua 18th. Nws cov ntsiab lus yog los txhawb kev hloov pauv nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib raug zoo uas yuav tsum muaj txiaj ntsig rau lub tebchaws. Hauv qhov no, kev siv cov thev naus laus zis hauv Western tau tso cai. Paub txog kev thuam hnyav ntawm cov txheej txheem niaj hnub thiab kev tshawb fawb metaphysical. Ib tus thawj kws sau ntawv hauv Kauslim cov ntaub ntawv uas tau pib siv cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws.

Nws tej hauj lwm thaum ntxov yog cov dab neeg luv luv luam tawm nyob rau hauv ib phau ntawv hu ua "The Unofficial History of the Pangengak Pavilion". Cov uas nto moo tshaj plaws yog zaj dab neeg ntawm Ye-Dok, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Kwang Moon, Zaj Dab Neeg ntawm Barners, sau xyoo 1754.

Zhehei Diary

Park Chiwon txoj haujlwm loj tshaj plaws yog Zhehei Diary, uas muaj kaum phau ntawv thiab 26 ntu. Cov no yog nws cov ntawv sau txog kev mus ncig rau Suav teb. Ib feem ntawm txoj hauj lwm yog cov hauj lwm utopian "The Tale of Ho Sen", uas nws piav txog lub zej zog ntawm kev sib txig sib luag, nrog rau cov lus dab neeg dab neeg "Tiger Scolding".

Sau ntau zaj nkauj-muab paj nruag thiab philosophical paj huam uas muaj kev ntseeg nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej zoo siab, patriotic pathos. Hauv nws cov ntawv tshawb fawb, nws tham txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub neej ntawm tib neeg.

Pac Kenny

Tus kws sau ntawv Kaus Lim Qab Teb Park Kenny yug hauv xyoo 1926. Nws muaj ib tug hluas nyuaj. Kauslim lub sijhawm ntawd yog ib feem ntawm lub tebchaws Nyij Pooj. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb, nws tus txiv raug liam tias tau koom nrog kev koom ua ke hauv tebchaws. Nws tuag hauv tsev lojcuj. Tus kws sau ntawv tau tsiv mus rau Seoul los txhawb nws tus ntxhais. Ua haujlwm hauv txhab nyiaj.

pib sau ntawv hauv 50s. Nws thawj zaj dab neeg "Calculation" tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal "Modern Literature". Nyob rau hauv lub 60s, nws tig nws lub ntsej muag rau keeb kwm ntawm Kauslim Teb thiab cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo ntawm lub teb chaws. Phau ntawv tshiab "Daughters of Apothecary Kim" tau mob siab rau qhov no. Txawm li cas los xij, lwm txoj haujlwm ua rau nws muaj koob meej. Nyob rau hauv 1969, thawj feem ntawm lub multi-volume epic "Lub ntiaj teb" tau luam tawm, uas nws ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1994 xwb. Cov nplooj ntawv hauv phau ntawv piav qhia tag nrho cov keeb kwm ntawm lub tebchaws txij li xyoo 1897 mus txog rau kev dim ntawm Nyiv xyoo 1954.

Hauv xyoo 2008, Park Kenny tuag tom qab muaj mob hnyav heev. Thaum ntawd nws muaj 81 xyoo.

Ko Eun

Ko Eun nyob qhov chaw tshwj xeeb ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv Kauslim. Nws raug suav hais tias yog tus sau ntau tshaj plaws ntawm xyoo pua 20th. Yug xyoo 1933, tau los ua ib tug hauj sam tom qab Tsov Rog Kauslim, tab sis tom qab ntawd rov qab los ua lub neej. Nyob rau hauv lub 60s nws nrhiav tau ib tug menyuam ntsuag.

Thaum Lub Plaub Hlis 4 tau tawm tsam rau pej xeem txoj cai. Tom qab ua tub rog tawm tsam xyoo 1979, nws raug txim rau 20 xyoo hauv tsev lojcuj, tab sis qhov tseeb nws raug tso tawm xyoo 1982

Pib luam tawm thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1950. Nws tau los ua tus kws sau paj huam nto moo tom qab tso tawm cov ntawv sau "Nyob hauv lub zos Muni". Nws rov hais dua cov duab ntawm tus neeg taug kev, txoj kev rov qab los tsev. Ntawm nws tej hauj lwm yog ib zaj paj huam hais txog Tsov Rog Kauslim, ib lub kaum thiab ib nrab ntawm Maninbo, uas nws piav txog ntau tshaj peb txhiab tus neeg uas nws tau ntsib hauv nws lub neej. Nws tus tshiab "Tus Me Me Wanderer" dhau los ua tus muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws.

Muaj ntau zaj dab neeg txog keeb kwm yav dhau los rau cov neeg Kauslim nto moo hauv Ko Eun txoj haujlwm. Lawv tau raug thuam ntau zaus vim yog kev coj ua thiab kev coj tsis ncaj.

Kim Won Il

Tus kws sau ntawv Kim Won Il nyob hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv cov ntaub ntawv Kauslim niaj hnub no. Nws yug xyoo 1942 hauv nroog Gimhae. Nws txiv, uas yog ib tug communist, tsiv mus rau sab qaum teb ntawm ceg av qab teb. Raws li tus me nyuam hlob, raws li Confucian kev lig kev cai, tus kws sau ntawv yuav tsum ua tus thawj coj ntawm tsev neeg.

Kim Won Il yog ib tiam neeg ntawm Kaus Lim Kauslim cov neeg sau ntawv uas pom kev faib tawm ntawm lub tebchaws thiab Tsov Rog Kauslim yog qhov chaw ntawmtag nrho cov teeb meem ntawm cov neeg. Xyoo 1966, nws tau ua nws thawj zaug hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim nrog zaj dab neeg "Algeria", xyoo 1961. Nws tau nto moo rau zaj dab neeg "Tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev tsaus ntuj", mob siab rau kev tawm tsam kev xav hauv lub tebchaws.

Xyoo 1988, sau ib zaj dab neeg tshiab "Ib lub tsev nrog lub vaj tob" tau sau. Nyob rau hauv nws, nws piav ib daim duab ntawm nws tshaib plab thiab pluag thaum yau. TV series ntawm tib lub npe tau ua raws li txoj haujlwm no.

Xyoo 1990, Kim Won Il sau cov ntawv tshiab "Cov Neeg Txhaum Cai", tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb uas yog tus thawj coj ntawm lub tsev luam ntawv me me. Ntawm Moscow International Ncaj Ncees, nws tau paub txog cov tshiab los ntawm Anatoly Rybakov "Cov me nyuam ntawm Arbat" thiab xav kom luam tawm sai dua nws cov neeg sib tw. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm txoj haujlwm no yog lub neej niaj hnub, uas nyob rau hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim hu ua "tiam ntawm lub Plaub Hlis 19", uas tau dim ntawm 1960 kiv puag ncig. Vim li ntawd, thawj lub koom pheej raug rhuav tshem thiab lub koom pheej thib ob tau tsim.

Oh Seen

South Kauslim kws sau paj lug Oh Seen yug xyoo 1942. Nws yog kawm tiav ntawm Seoul University. Oh Se-yeon kawm tiav los ntawm Department of Literature thiab ua tiav nws qhov kev tshaj tawm ntawm Kaus Lim Paj Huam.

Xyoo 1974, nws tau tsim "Society of Free Writers", uas tawm tsam kev tswj hwm tub rog ntawm Chun Doo-hwan. Tom qab kos npe rau daim ntawv thov tawm tsam cov tub rog dictatorship, tsis ntev nws raug yuam kom tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv.

Nws cov phau ntawv hauv Kauslim yog nrov heev. O Seen yog tus sau cuaj sau paj huam thiab ob lub kaum sau paj huam. Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceebua hauj lwm - lub transience ntawm lub neej, summing txog lawv txoj kev, nco txog kev hlub, kev nyuaj siab ntawm kev sib cais. Tag nrho cov xeev no yog inextricably txuas nrog ib puag ncig xwm, uas koom nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub neej, xav txog los ntawm nws. Siv cov dluab tsoos, nws interweaves lawv nrog thawj similes thiab nws tus kheej allusions.

O Seeena cov paj huam tau luam tawm ntau hom lus hauv ntiaj teb, muaj kev txhais lus los ntawm Kauslim mus rau Lavxias. Cov ntawv sau nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm tus kws sau paj huam yog hu ua "Kev Tiv Thaiv Lub Teeb", "Npeev Tsis Hlub Paj Huam", "Paj Nyob Txaus Ntshai Hnub Qub", "Petal Mark", "Tsev Ntuj, Qhib Qhov Rooj", "Chessboard ntawm Hmo Ntuj".

Cho Haejin

Nws yog tus kws sau ntawv Kaus Lim Qab Teb nrov tam sim no yug hauv Seoul xyoo 1976. Nws yog ib tug kawm tiav ntawm Women's University. Cho Haejin yeej 2004 Emerging Writer Award. Nws sau cov dab neeg luv luv "City of the Celestials" tau nrov. Nws tau ua raws li cov dab neeg "Kuv Tau ntsib Ro Kiwan", "Nyob hauv Npau Suav Zoo Nkauj Kawg", "Cia Peb Sib Ntsib Hnub Friday", "Lub Hav Zoov Tsis Muaj Ib Tug Tsis Pom".

Nyob hauv nws tej hauj lwm, tus kws sau ntawv npog cov teeb meem niaj hnub no rau haiv neeg Kauslim. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg pluag, cov neeg mob, cov neeg tsiv teb tsaws chaw, ntseeg tias lawv yog cov uas xav tau kev hlub thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm lwm tus.

Piv txwv li, hauv zaj dab neeg I Met Ro Kiwan, Cho Haejin qhia zaj dab neeg ntawm North Kauslim neeg tawg rog uastshwm nyob rau hauv Belgium. Qhov no, zoo li ob peb ntawm nws lwm yam hauj lwm, tau muab txhais ua lus Lavxias. Xyoo 2017, nws tau los ua tus koom nrog International Book Fair, uas tau tuav hauv Moscow.