Leej twg yog Mayakovsky? Los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv ntawm tus kws sau paj huam ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ntawm cov neeg sawv cev ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab muaj ntau tus tswv uas paub txog lawv tus kheej hauv ntau yam kev muaj tswv yim. Tsis tsuas yog ib tug kws sau paj huam, tab sis kuj yog ib tug txawj ntse tshuab raj thiab lej yog tus diplomat AS Griboyedov. Cov duab zoo nkauj tau pleev xim los ntawm M. Yu. Lermontov. Painting, suab paj nruag thiab ntawv nyeem yuav luag sib npaug nyiam L. Pasternak. Mayakovsky tsis tau sawv ib sab hauv daim ntawv teev npe ntawm tus cwj pwm ci ntsa iab. Nws tau tso tseg qhov ci ntsa iab tshaj plaws tsis yog hauv cov paj huam Lavxias teb sab Soviet nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm peb cov kab lis kev cai.

Ntug Ntawm Kev Txawj Ntse

Leej twg Mayakovsky tsis yog ib lo lus nug tsis ua haujlwm. Los ntawm cov nplooj ntawv hauv tsev kawm ntawv cov phau ntawv, ib tug txiv neej loj nrog cov yam ntxwv loj, nthuav dav saib peb me ntsis frowningly, sternly thiab xav tau. Ob lub qhov muag piercingly, zoo li lawv xav nug: Koj ua dab tsi rau lub kiv puag ncig thiab lub zog tshiab, Soviet? Nws txi dab tsi rau lub teb chaws zoo? Leej twg yog Mayakovsky thiab nws muaj cai dab tsi los txiav txim rau nws cov neeg tiam thiab cov xeeb ntxwv? Cov lus teb yog yooj yim. Ua ntej tshaj plawsIb tug kws sau paj lug uas muab nws lub peev xwm loj heev ntawm kev pabcuam ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm Russia. Ib tug neeg uas txiav txim siab txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kos duab rau ntau xyoo tom ntej. Ib tug innovator nyob rau hauv lub teb ntawm versification, literary theory. Ib tug zoo sim ntawm rhymes, rhythms, duab. Tab sis qhov no yog deb ntawm tag nrho cov npe ntawm cov hauj lwm uas Mayakovsky yog! Ib tug kws kos duab-cartoonist, uas nws cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv ROSTA tau peb xyoos tsis yog tsuas yog qhia txog txoj cai txawv teb chaws thiab hauv tebchaws, qhov xwm txheej ntawm sab xub ntiag, tab sis kuj yog ib qho cuab yeej tshaj tawm zoo heev. Editor ntawm ib tug revolutionary literary magazine. Zaj duab xis actor, tus thawj coj thiab screenwriter, playwright, publicist - qhov no yog leej twg Mayakovsky thaum lub sij hawm nws luv luv, tab sis tsis tshua muaj siab kaj thiab muaj tswv yim lub neej. Zoo li lub hnub qub, nws tau sib tw hla ntuj ntawm Lavxias kos duab, tawm hauv qab lub teeb ci.

Mayakovsky tus neeg thuam

Nws yog satire - ib hom ntawv nyeem uas tus kws sau paj lug tau paub tshaj plaws. Mayakovsky txoj haujlwm tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob peb lub sijhawm. Tab sis ob qho tib si nws cov hauj lwm thaum ntxov thiab cov paj huam ntawm nws cov neeg laus laus muaj ib qho zoo sib xws: ua tiav kev tsis lees paub thiab kev thuam ntawm philistinism, kev hais lus phem, kev ua phem thiab tsis muaj kev ntseeg ntawm lub neej hauv txhua qhov kev tshwm sim. "Lub ntsej muag ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm pej xeem nyiam", txhob txwm tshaj tawm cov duab tsis txaus ntseeg dav dav rau cov cim grotesque, yog saturated nrog nws cov paj huam - los ntawm thawj cov luam tawm hauv cov ntawv sau ntawm Gilea cov neeg sau ntawv ("Rau Koj", "Hmo ntuj"), mus rau Cov piv txwv zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm Soviet: qhov zoo kawg nkaus”, “Hais txog cov khib nyiab” thiab ntau lwm tus. Yog, thiab playwright thiab kws sau paj huam Mayakovsky kuj tsim nws plays nyob rau hauv ci satiricalsuab nrov. "Bedbug" thiab "Bath" tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv sau cia los ntawm lub neej ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd. Lawv tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau tam sim no, vim tias cov neeg muaj peev xwm thiab kev coj ncaj ncees freaks, alas, tseem tsis tau dhau los.

Mayakovsky-lyricist

Tus kws sau paj huam nrov nrov, Vladimir Mayakovsky, suav tias yog nws txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb los txhim kho, lub neej muaj txiaj ntsig, txhawb kev zoo siab thoob ntiaj teb, ua kom "lub ntiaj teb hluav taws" uas yuav rhuav tshem kev ua qhev ntawm lub cev thiab kev ua cev qhev ntawm sab ntsuj plig hauv nws cov nplaim taws, thiab dhau los ua lub hauv paus ntawm kev yug los ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws tshiab ib tug txiv neej tshiab - dawb, ywj siab, ua haujlwm rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nws tus kheej thiab nws cov neeg. Tab sis ob peb tus neeg paub tias Mayakovsky yog ib tug neeg txawj ntse, tus kws sau paj huam uas tsim cov paj huam uas zoo heev rau kev kov thiab kev mob siab rau. Nws tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig uas nws muab piv rau tus kws sau paj huam lub siab nrog lub cev tsis taus, tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv, npauj npaim zoo nkauj. Nws yog txaus kom nco qab nws nto moo "Lilichka!", yog li ntawd ib tug txawv kiag li lyrical hero tshwm nyob rau hauv peb: maj mam, yooj yim, hlub devotedly thiab selflessly. "Tatyana Yakovleva", "Hais txog qhov no", "Letter to Comrade Kostrov …" thiab ntau lwm yam hauj lwm ntawm lub ntsiab lus hlub yog ib qho piv txwv tiag tiag ntawm nws lub peev xwm ntau npaum li cas. Dab tsi yog nthuav: nyob rau hauv ntau lyrical ntawv, peb kom meej meej taug qab cov sau ntawv ntawm Nekrasov lub pej xeem paj huam. Vladimir Vladimirovich kuj ntseeg hais tias intimate, dawb ceev yuav tsum tau nyob ze intertwined nrog pej xeem, pej xeem. Los ntawm txoj kev, zoo li Nekrasov, Mayakovsky tus kheej lub neej yog ua heev. Nws tsis yog cov minions ntawm txoj hmoo, nyiam ntawm cov poj niam. Txhua yam ntawm nws cov dab neeg muaj ntau qhov xwm txheej ntau dua li qhov sib txuamzoo siab lub sij hawm. Thiab nws tau ncaim lub ntiaj teb no, raug ntes los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev hlub, muaj tswv yim, kev xav. Cov teeb meem Gordian tau "txiav" los ntawm rab yaj phom tua.

Kev ntsuam xyuas kev muaj tswv yim

Mayakovsky txoj kev kos duab muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus, feem ntau sib cav sib ceg, tab sis hauv nws txoj haujlwm lawv tsim ib qho tshwj xeeb organic alloy. Txhua yam nyob ntawm no: zoo heev extravaganza thiab tragedy thaum ub, epic ua yeeb yam thiab buff paub tsis meej, comedy yog intertwined nrog khaus lyricism, thiab satire yog nyob ib sab ntawm heroic pathos. Cov paj huam thiab nqe vaj lug kub hais txog cov neeg Soviet, hais txog cov teeb meem uas lawv kov yeej, muaj kev cia siab thiab kev ntseeg ruaj khov rau txoj kev yeej ntawm txoj kev tshiab. Satire pab tua cov seem ntawm yav dhau los thiab cov dab phem grimaces ntawm tam sim no. Thiab tsuas yog cov nkauj qhia tus kws sau paj huam, ncab zoo li txoj hlua thiab tho lub suab nrov ntawm txhua qhov kov.