Yuav ua li cas saxophone? Hom saxophones. Saxophone Tutorial

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Saxophone yog ib lub suab paj nruag reed ntsig txog cov twj paj nruag cua. Yog hais tias peb tsom mus rau lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm lub suab tsim, ces nws yuav tsum tau ntaus nqi mus rau cov pab pawg neeg ntawm reed ntoo music instruments. Ua ntej koj xav paub yuav ua li cas ua si saxophone, nws tsim nyog paub txog keeb kwm ntawm nws keeb kwm thiab qee qhov kev xav tseem ceeb.

A Brief History

Lub saxophone tau tsim nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, los yog kom meej meej - nyob rau hauv 1841, thaum tus tswv suab paj nruag Adolf Sax tab tom nrhiav kev tshem tawm intonation dissonances (tsis sib xws) ntawm tooj dag thiab woodwind instruments. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws cov phiaj xwm suav nrog sau qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm lawv nrog lub cav ntoo thiab tshem tawm qhov tsis xis nyob ntawm qhov ntsuas - lub ntses bass thaj tsam ophicleid, uas sab nraud zoo li lub bassoon.

Yog li, Sachs nthuav tawm nws qhov kev tsim tshiab hu ua "Lub Qhov ncauj Ophicleid". Xyoo 1842, tus tswv tuaj txog hauv Paris, qhov chaw uas tus kws sau nkauj thiab cov phooj ywg zoo, Hector Berlioz, tau nyiam nws cov cuab yeej. Nws luam tawm nws tus phooj ywg tsim nyob rau hauv Phau Ntawv Xov Xwm thiab Kev Sib Tham Txog Kev Sau Ntawv, rov hais dua cov cuab yeej ua "saxophone".

Tom qab tshaj tawm rau pej xeem, qhov ntsuas pib nthuav dav.

Hector Berlioz dhau los ua thawj tus kws sau ntawv sau tshiab "Choral rau lub suab thiab rau cua tshuab", ntxiv lub saxophone rau nws.

Lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj xyoo 1844, qhov cuab yeej tau ua thawj zaug ua tus neeg koom tes ncaj qha hauv lub suab paj nruag ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam "The Last King of Judea" los ntawm Georges Kastner.

Jazz thiab lwm yam

Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, lub suab paj nruag tshiab tau yug los - jazz, uas lub qhov ncauj ophicleid tau los ua ib tus neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb, txij li lub suab tshwj xeeb ntawm saxophone yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau cov qauv no. Txij li thaum xyoo 1918, lub ntiaj teb tau tawg los ntawm cov nthwv dej xws li "Saxomania". Qhov no yog loj ntau lawm, dav faib thiab kaw los ntawm 1910-1920, nyob rau hauv uas lub timbre ntawm lub saxophone yog kom meej meej audible.

Thaum yug lub viav vias (kev taw qhia ntawm jazz), tag nrho jazz ensembles los yog orchestras tuaj rau hauv fashion, qhov twg pawg saxophone yuav tsum tau muaj thiab muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 instruments.

Types of saxophones

Rau ntau, nws yuav yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias txawm hais tias muaj lub npe nrov ntawm cov twj paj nruag, lub saxophone tau muab faib ua ntau dua 8 pawg raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus sau npe:

• sopranissimo saxophone - tsim hauv B-flat;
• sopranino saxophone - tsim ntawm E-flat;
• alto saxophone - tsim hauv E-flat;
• tenor saxophone - B-flat tuning;
• baritone saxophone - tsim ntawm E-flat;
• bass saxophone - B-flat tuning;
• ob bass saxophone - tsim ntawm E flat.

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom: hom twj paj nruag tau muab faib ua tib yam li cov suab hauv pawg hu nkauj (tsis suav thawj ob thiab qhov kev xaiv qis tshaj). Nkag siab txog kev faib yog qhov yooj yim heev yog tias koj muaj lub tswv yim hais txog lub suab ntawm cov suab teev saum toj no (soprano, alto, thiab lwm yam).

Yuav ua li cas saxophone: tswv yim

Txhua tus muaj peev xwm kawm tau cov cuab yeej no, qhov tseem ceeb yog kev xyaum ua ntu zus (raws li txhua yam).

Saxophone tsis yog ib qho cuab yeej uas tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim ntawm koj tus kheej, vim nws tsis muaj lub siab: koj yuav tsum tau ua lub suab koj tus kheej, tsom rau ntawm koj lub pob ntseg thiab siv qhov ua pa kom raug.

Txoj hauj lwm no yooj yim dua los tuav ntawm lub piano - tag nrho cov ntawv tau ua tiav rau hauv.

Koj yuav tsum kawm raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws qhia lossis tus kws qhia. Nws yuav muaj peev xwm taw tes rau koj kom raug, taw qhia qhov yuam kev thiab ntsuas koj qhov kev ua si los ntawm sab nraud, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kawm ntaus suab paj nruag.

Yog tias tsis muaj sijhawm los kawm nrog tus kws qhia, ces kev qhia saxophone yuav dhau los ua koj tus phooj ywg. Tam sim no, cov lus qhia tus kheej tuaj yeem pom tau yooj yim hauv Is Taws Nem, uas txhua qhov kev qhia paub yuav raug pleev xim los ntawm thiab mus rau. Koj tuaj yeem thov kev pab los ntawmcov ntawv luam tawm. Piv txwv li:

• "Saxophone Tsev Kawm Ntawv", Bolshiyanov;
• "Jazz saxophonist", Zvonarev.

Ntau cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv cov phau ntawv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv kos duab.

Txawm tias koj xav ua si saxophone sai npaum li cas, siv zog rau qib Marcel Muhl lossis Sigurd Rascher, koj yuav tsum paub tias qhov nrawm hauv koj rooj plaub yog txoj haujlwm thib ob. Ceev yuav tsum tsis txhob ua ib lub luag hauj lwm nyob rau hauv thawj kauj ruam ntawm mastering lub twj paj nruag.

Nws tsim nyog txiav txim siab thaum xaiv hom saxophone, vim tias txawm tias kev sib raug zoo, lawv muaj qhov sib txawv. Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog alto saxophone, uas muaj tag nrho cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm qhov ntsuas no.

Qhov kawg thiab tseem ceeb tshaj ntawm cov lus qhia txog kev ua si saxophone yog kev paub txog kev paub suab paj nruag. Tsis muaj kev cob qhia kom raug thiab ua tau zoo yuav tshwm sim yam tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb theem pib. Txhawm rau tsim cov suab, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, koj yuav tsum kawm tag nrho cov ntawv, nplai, cov yuam sij, ntu ntu thiab lwm yam tseem ceeb, kom tsis txhob flounder zoo li hauv hiav txwv, tsis yog txhua qhov nkag siab qhov twg mus rau lub taub hau.

Game technique

Tus ntiv tes (kev txiav txim ntawm qhov chaw thiab hloov ntawm cov ntiv tes) ntawm lub saxophone yog ze rau lub ntiv tes ntawm oboe, txawm li cas los xij, daim di ncauj tsis tu ntau.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim suab zoo ib yam li txoj hauv kev ua si ntawm clarinet, tab sis ntawm thawj qhov nws yooj yim dua los tuav lub embyuchure (txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov cuab yeej articulatory thaum ua si tooj dag).

Nrog lub suab ntawm lub saxophone, nws tuaj yeem ua kom muaj peev xwm loj txaus thaum lub sijhawmvibrato, nrog rau kom meej meej accentuate stocatto (jerky ua si stroke) thiab ua kom yooj yim txav ntawm ib daim ntawv mus rau lwm qhov (glissando).

Lub saxophone kov yeej pawg ntoo raws li qhov muaj zog (ntawm qib nrog lub horn). Txawm hais tias qhov ntsuas nws tus kheej tsis suav nrog hauv kev faib cov cuab yeej cua, lub peev xwm los ua ke hauv timbre tso cai rau nws sib haum xeeb nrog cov pab pawg tau piav qhia saum toj no.

Thaum xav paub yuav ua li cas ua si saxophone, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias koj xav tau kev paub yooj yim ntawm kev ua si, ntawm no tsuas yog ob peb yam ntawm lawv: frulatto (cov txheej txheem tremolo ua siv tus nplaig), lub suab nrov, ua si hauv ib tug ultra-siab register thiab lub suab harmonic nyob rau hauv nws. Polyphony kuj ua tau.

Npaj qhov tseeb

Plaub caug-thib ob US Thawj Tswj Hwm Clinton yog ib tug zoo saxophone player, thiab yav tas los xav txuas nws lub neej nrog suab paj nruag.

Saxophone yog ib qho kev xaiv tsa tseem ceeb hauv kev sib tw Lavxias Cov Hluas Delphic Games.

Nyob hauv Soviet Union, jazz suab paj nruag succumbed rau kev thuam (40s thiab 50s). Tom qab ntawd muaj cov lus qhia zoo li no: "Los ntawm saxophone mus rau Finnish riam - ib kauj ruam."