2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Cov cuab yeej sau ntawv tau siv dav txhua lub sijhawm, tsis yog los ntawm cov classics lossis cov kws sau ntawv ntawm kev kos duab, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov neeg lag luam, kws sau paj huam thiab cov neeg zoo tib yam los tsim cov dab neeg uas tau hais. Yog tsis muaj lawv, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm ntxiv viv ncaus rau prose, paj huam lossis kab lus zoo tib yam, lawv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab cia koj hnov zoo li qhov ua tau raws li tus neeg piav qhia xav qhia rau peb.
Txhua txoj haujlwm, tsis hais nws qhov loj lossis qhov kev coj ua zoo li cas, tsis yog raws li qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov lus, tab sis kuj ncaj qha rau lub suab paj nruag. Qhov no tsis txhais tau hais tias txhua yam ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau nthuav tawm hauv cov lus sib dhos. Yuav tsum mos thiab zoo nkauj, ntws zoo li paj huam.
Tau kawg, cov txuj ci kev sau ntawv yog qhov txawv ntawm cov neeg siv hauv lub neej niaj hnub. Ib tug neeg zoo tib yam, raws li txoj cai, yuav tsis xaiv cov lus, nws yuav muab qhov kev sib piv, piv txwv li, piv txwv li, ib qho epithet uas yuav pab nws piav qhia sai dua. Raws li rau cov neeg sau ntawv, lawv ua nws zoo nkauj dua, qee zaum txawmpretentious dhau lawm, tab sis tsuas yog thaum ua haujlwm tag nrho lossis nws tus kheej tus cwj pwm tshwj xeeb xav tau nws.
| piav qhia | Examples | |
| Nyob zoo | Ib lo lus uas txhais cov khoom lossis kev ua, thaum hais txog nws cov yam ntxwv. | "Ib zaj dab neeg tsis tseeb" (A. K. Tolstoy) |
| Kev sib piv | Cov lus piv txwv uas txuas ob yam khoom sib txawv nrog qee qhov zoo sib xws. | "Tsis yog cov nyom lev - niam ntshaw nws tus tub tuag" |
| Metaphor | Ib qho kev qhia uas hloov ntawm ib yam khoom mus rau lwm qhov raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm qhov zoo sib xws. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, ib qho kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb lossis cov ntsiab lus txawv txawv rau qhov kev kawm thib ob. | "Snow lies", "Lub hli hliv teeb" |
| Incarnation | Tswv yim rau tib neeg txoj kev xav, kev xav lossis kev ua rau ib yam khoom uas lawv tsis koom nrog. | "Lub ntuj quaj", "Tswv nag los" |
| Irony | Kev thuam uas feem ntau qhia txog lub ntsiab lus uas cuam tshuam qhov tseeb. | piv txwv zoo - "Tuag Souls" (Gogol) |
| Allusion | Kev siv cov ntsiab lus hauv ib txoj haujlwm uas qhia lwm cov ntawv nyeem, kev ua lossis qhov tseeb keeb kwm. Feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv txawv teb chaws. | Los ntawm RussiansCov kws sau ntawv feem ntau ntse siv qhov kev sib tham Akunin. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv nws cov tshiab "Lub ntiaj teb no yog ib tug ua yeeb yam" muaj ib tug siv rau theatrical zus tau tej cov "Poor Liza" (Karamzin) |
| Repeat | Ib lo lus lossis kab lus uas rov ua ntau zaus hauv tib kab lus. | "Tawm kuv tus tub, sib ntaus thiab ua ib tug txiv neej" (Lawrence) |
| Pun | Ntau lo lus hauv ib kab lus uas suab zoo sib xws. | "Nws yog ib tug tubtxib, thiab kuv yog neeg ruam" (Vysotsky) |
| Aphorism | Ib lus luv luv uas muaj cov lus xaus dav dav. | Tam sim no, cov lus los ntawm ntau yam haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qub tau dhau los ua aphorisms. "Ib tug roses tsw zoo li ib tug sawv, hu nws ib tug sawv los yog tsis" (Shakespeare) |
| Parallel constructions | Ib kab lus cumbersome uas tso cai rau cov nyeem los tsim ib qho kev sib txuas. | Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov lus tshaj tawm. "Mars. Txhua yam yuav nyob hauv chocolate" |
| Float expressions | Universal epigraphs siv los ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv thaum sau ntawv. | Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov lus tshaj tawm. "Peb yuav hloov lub neej kom zoo" |
| Kev tsis sib haum | Composing ib lo lus los ntawm ob qhov sib txawv. | Feem ntau siv rau hauv cov lus tshaj tawm. "FANTASTIC lub raj mis" |
Summarize
Yog li, cov txheej txheem sau ntawv muaj ntau yam uas cov kws sau ntawv muaj ntau qhov kev siv. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias kev mob siab rau ntau dhau rau cov ntsiab lus no yuav tsis ua haujlwm zoo nkauj. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas lawv cov kev siv txhawm rau ua kom kev nyeem ntawv du thiab muag.
Nws yuav tsum tau hais txog ib txoj haujlwm ntxiv uas cov khoom siv sau ntawv muaj. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lub fact tias tsuas yog nrog kev pab los ntawm lawv nws yog feem ntau ua tau kom revive tus cwj pwm, tsim lub tsim nyog huab cua, uas yog heev nyuaj yam tsis muaj qhov pom kev. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob mob siab rau, vim hais tias thaum lub intrigue loj hlob, tab sis lub denouement tsis mus txog, tus nyeem ntawv yuav yeej pib saib ua ntej nrog nws ob lub qhov muag nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav calm nws tus kheej. Yuav kom kawm paub siv cov txuj ci sau ntawv zoo li cas, koj yuav tsum paub koj tus kheej nrog cov neeg sau ntawv uas twb paub yuav ua li cas.
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