Portrait ntawm Maxim Gorky. Valentin Serov

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Txhua txoj haujlwm ntawm Valentin Serov muaj nws tus kheej "tus cwj pwm". Nws tau ua haujlwm feem ntau hauv hom neoclassical thiab tsuas yog siv roj rau nws cov duab kos. Vim li no, nws cov duab ntawm daim ntaub tsis muaj cov kab ntshiab, tab sis muaj ntau cov xim sib txawv thiab kev hloov pauv. Gorky's portrait ntawm Maxim tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb, tab sis hauv nws tus kws kos duab nyiam siv ntau yam xim me me, nws siv feem ntau tsaus nti tones.

Tom qab hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav txiav txim siab ntxiv cov txheej txheem dab tsi uas tus kws kos duab tig los txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav tawm cov duab ntawm tus kws sau ntawv.

Creative Revolutionary

Peshkov Alexei Maksimovich (lub npe tiag tiag Gorky) yug rau lub Peb Hlis 28, 1868 hauv nroog Nizhny Novgorod hauv tsev neeg tub rog. Leej niam yog los ntawm tsev neeg bourgeois, nws yog poj ntsuam thaum ntxov, txij li thaum nws txiv Maxim Savvateevich tuag los ntawm tus kab mob cholera. Qhov kev poob no ua rau me ntsis Alyosha nyiam heev, vim tias lawv yog cov neeg nyob ze thiab siv sijhawm ntau ua ke. Yog li ntawd, tom qab ib pliag, twb nyob rau hauv thaum yau, Alexei Peshkov cojnws lub npe - Maxim Gorky - hwm nws txiv.

Tom qab ib ntus niam kuj tuag vim mob ntev.

Thaum muaj 11 xyoos, tus kws sau ntawv hluas raug tso tseg ib leeg, ua haujlwm ntxuav tais diav, neeg ua mov ci thiab lwm yam.

Thaum kawg ntawm 80s ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, Peshkov Alexei Maksimovich nkag mus rau Kazan University, qhov chaw uas nws thawj zaug tau paub txog Marxist cov ntaub ntawv, qhov chaw nws pib sau cov ntaub ntawv tshaj tawm.

Xyoo 1892 nws tshaj tawm nws thawj txoj haujlwm "Makar Chudra" thiab, rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg Nizhny Novgorod, pib koom tes nrog cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv zos, uas nws txhawb nqa nws cov kev tsim. Txij li xyoo 1917, nws tau ua haujlwm hauv kev nom kev tswv thiab kev tawm tsam, tiv thaiv cov neeg txawj ntse qub, rau txim rau cov txheej txheem ntawm Bolsheviks.

Tsis ntev, Gorky yuav mob hnyav, ntawm Lenin cov lus txib nws raug xa mus rau txawv teb chaws mus kho. Tom qab 10 xyoo, uas yog los ntawm 1932, nws rov qab mus rau lub USSR, tom qab uas nws txuas ntxiv mus luam tawm. Nws tej hauj lwm tau mob siab rau cov kev hloov pauv thiab Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 1.

Ua ntej nws tuag, Maxim Gorky qhov kawg tshiab "Lub Neej ntawm Klim Samgin" tau luam tawm. Tom qab ib pliag, nws tuag.

Zoo Master of Portraits

Valentin Alexandrovich Serov, tus neeg pleev kob Lavxias, yug rau lub Ib Hlis 19, 1865 hauv St. Nws tsev neeg muaj tswv yim, nws txiv thiab niam yog tus sau. Nws yog lawv leej twg muaj peev xwm instill rau hauv ib tug me nyuam tub kev hlub ntawm art.

Nws tau hais lus zoo rau lub taub hau ntawm tsev neegthaum ntxov, leej txiv tuag thaum tus tub tseem muaj 5 xyoos. Tsis ntev, nws thiab nws niam tau tsiv mus rau Munich, qhov twg, thaum nws tseem yog ib tug tub hluas, Valentin Aleksandrovich tau txais tag nrho cov kev txawj ntse uas nws xav tau los ua tus kws kos duab.

Nyob rau xyoo 1879, Valentin thiab nws niam rov qab los rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas tus kws kos duab zoo tau pib ua haujlwm. Tom qab ntawd, taug kev mus rau ntau lub nroog thiab ntau lub tebchaws, nws tau lees paub tias nws txoj kev mob siab rau tseem ceeb yog kos los ntawm xwm.

Ua ntej tus duab ntawm Maxim Gorky tau pleev xim rau, ntau lub sijhawm tau dhau mus, thiab Valentin Sergeevich muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb. Nws muaj peev xwm kos tau txhua yam nws pom, thiab nws qhov xwm txheej txawv heev, ob qho tib si cov neeg muaj koob muaj npe thiab cov neeg taug kev zoo tib yam. Rau nws, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog xav txog tus ntsuj plig thiab lub zog ntawm tus neeg nws pleev xim, thiab tom qab ntawd daim duab tau txais cov xim txawv txawv.

Dynamic accents

Unsurpassed Lavxias teb sab neoclassicist Valentin Serov yog ib tug kws kos duab nrog ib tsab ntawv loj, vim hais tias nws tej hauj lwm yog tsim los ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tus neeg uas zaum pem hauv ntej ntawm nws. Portraits thaum lub sij hawm lub sij hawm ntawm revolutionary kev ua ub no txawv heev ntawm tej hauj lwm uas nws pleev xim rau thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Tus Sau Maxim Gorky tau tshwm sim rau pem hauv ntej ntawm nws hauv daim ntawv nruj heev thiab hnav khaub ncaws tsaus, uas tsis tuaj yeem saib nws. Tag nrho cov duab yog permeated nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub kiv puag ncig, thiab tus ntsuj plig ntawm ntxeev siab thiab coup d'état ncaj qha wafts los ntawm nws. Yuav kom nthuav tawm cov duab txawv txawv no, Serov tig mus rau cov tswv yim tshiab thiab tsim kom muaj qhov sib txawv atypical. Nws tsis kam muab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb sab hauv thiab tso lub teeb tom qab.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg sawv daws

Tus kws sau ntawv nws tus kheej kuj tau nthuav tawm yam tsis muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxiv hauv cov khaub ncaws: lub tsho tsaus nti yooj yim thiab cov ris tsho hnav rau hauv khau boots. Nws zoo nkaus li tias Gorky tab tom muaj kev sib tham nrog ib tus neeg sab nraud ntawm daim ntaub, qhov no yog pov thawj los ntawm kev saib deb thiab nruj. Tus tsa tes sab xis qhia txog tus cwj pwm ntawm tus txiv neej uas tawm tsam rau nws txoj cai thiab tiv thaiv lawv vehemently.

Cov xim raug xaiv sib haum xeeb, lub teeb tom qab thiab qhov tsaus ntuj ntawm cov neeg sau ntawv "ua si" nrog rau ib leeg, tsim kom muaj lub suab nkauj ntawm cov xim thiab lub zog hloov pauv.

Portrait ntawm Gorky Maxim qhib tus neeg pleev kob hauv lub luag haujlwm txawv txawv, tsim nplooj ntawv tshiab hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm muaj tswv yim.

Txoj kev pleev xim tsis zoo

Saib daim duab ntawm tus kws sau ntawv no, koj tuaj yeem pom tsis yog tias nws tab tom sim qhia nws qhov tsis muaj tseeb, tab sis koj tuaj yeem pom ntau qhov kev xav txog tib neeg thiab kev xav.

Valentin Serov yog tus kws kos duab uas muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm cov sijhawm nyuaj no los ntawm kev pleev xim rau lub ntsej muag, siv cov vaj huam sib luag thiab cov xim zoo nkauj. Cov duab portrait yog qhov yooj yim heev, thiab tus tsim feem ntau siv nrawm nrawm, tsis tas yuav siv ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo hauv cov xim "seem".

Tus silhouette ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau piav qhia loj heev, thiab ua rau muaj kev xav ntawm "qhov loj" rau daim ntaub, thiab zoo li nws tab tom yuav dhau mus dhau daim duab.

Zaj dab neeg tsis nco qab

Cov duab ntawm Gorky Maxim yog ib hom kev sim uas tus sau tau sim qhia cov kev xav, tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub sijhawm thiab txoj haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej.

Cov kev txwv tsis pub txav ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, uaslawv xav mus dhau ntawm ciam teb ntawm daim duab, qhia nws tus cwj pwm zoo, thiab lub ntsej muag tho yog daim iav ntawm txhua qhov kev ua uas nws tau ua rau nws lub teb chaws, cawm cov neeg txawj ntse qub los ntawm kev tsim txom ntawm Bolsheviks.

daim duab no nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab painting qhia txog lub revolutionary era uas yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab, vim yav tas los yog tus yuam sij rau lub neej yav tom ntej zoo nkauj.

Cov duab tsis meej ntawm tus kws kos duab Lavxias tsis muaj txiaj ntsig tau khaws cia hauv Maxim Gorky Tsev khaws puav pheej-chav tsev nyob hauv Moscow, qhov twg txhua yam yog permeated nrog tus ntsuj plig ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd, raws li cov khoom ntawm nws lub neej tseem khaws cia nyob ntawd.