"Tsokotuha Fly". Tus sau Korney Chukovsky

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Xyoo 1923, ib zaj dab neeg tau sau ua paj huam "Fly-Tsokotuha". Tus sau tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv ib xyoos tom qab, txawm tias nyob rau hauv ib lub npe txawv. Zaj dab neeg hu ua "Mukhina's wedding." Tus sau ntawm "Fly-Tsokotukha" yog Korney Chukovsky. Fairy tales "Crocodile", "Cockroach", "Aibolit" thiab lwm tus kuj yog nws tus cwj mem. Nws paub rau cov neeg feem coob raws li menyuam yaus sau ntawv, txawm hais tias nws muaj ntau lwm yam haujlwm rau nws qhov credit, suav nrog cov haujlwm tseem ceeb thiab kev tshawb fawb.

Biography

Tus kws sau ntawv thaum yau dhau los ntawm daim ntawv lo "tsis raug cai". Nws txiv yog ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv nyob rau hauv nws lub tsev Korney Ivanovich niam ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug tub qhe. Tom qab nyob ua ke tau peb xyoos, lawv tawg, raws li tus tub kawm ntawv tau ncaim mus. Tus poj niam tau nyob ib leeg nrog ob tug menyuam, nws raug yuam kom tawm mus rau Odessa, qhov chaw lawv nyob tsis zoo. Nws lub rooj sib tham nrog nws txiv tau tshwm sim thaum laus. Nov yog lawv lub rooj sib tham xwb. Chukovsky tsis zam txim rau tus txiv neej uas ua txhaum lawv lub neej, vim hais tias ntawm cov kws sau ntawv thiab nws tus viv ncaus nyob nrog lub stigma ntawm "tsis raug cai". Chukovsky coj nws niam lub xeem, kawm ntawm nws tus kheej, txij li thaum, raws li txoj cai "Rau Cook's Children", nws raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Kev sib yuav ntawm tus kws sau ntawv nws tus kheej tau zoo siab. Cov menyuam yaus rau Chukovsky yog txhua yam. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws yog nws cov me nyuam uas yog tus pab tseem ceeb thiabcov chaw nyob ntawm tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm.

History of Creation

Raws li Chukovsky cov ntawv sau cia, nws pib sau ib zaj dab neeg zoo siab txog tus yoov kab tshoob rau ntawm daim ntawv, thaum nws sawv cev rau nws tus kheej ua tus nraug vauv. Nws sau paj huam nws tus kheej ntev ua ntej ntawd. Tab sis txhua zaus, noj nws, nws tawm, vim nws tsis tuaj yeem sau ib kab. "Fly-Tsokotuha" yog ib zaj paj huam fairy tales sau ua pa. Thiab ces mam li nco dheev cov lus nchuav los ntawm lub siab heev, yog li kuv yuav tsum tau sau rau ntawm ib tug strip ntawm wallpaper torn ntawm phab ntsa.

Thiab thaum nws sau txog kev seev cev, nws pib seev cev nws tus kheej. Nws yog ib qho kev pom tsis zoo heev. Ib tug txiv neej laus plaub caug plaub caug plaub caug-ob xyoos rushes nyob ib ncig ntawm lub chav tsev nrog ib daim duab ntawm nws txhais tes, thiab txawm seev cev. Tag nrho kuv lub neej kuv hlub Korney Chukovsky fairy tales.

Zaj Dab Neeg

Zaj ua hauj lwm npau taws mus rau qhov tseeb tias yoov nrhiav nyiaj ntawm txoj kev, yuav ib lub samovar thiab caw cov qhua tuaj rau lub npe hnub. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum hnub so, kab laug sab tshwm thiab nyiag ya. Hauv kev ntshai, tag nrho cov kab tawg. Thiab tsuas yog yoov tshaj cum siab tawv cawm tau yoov xwb. Tom qab ntawd nws dhau los ua nws tus nkauj nyab, thiab kev ua koob tsheej txuas ntxiv mus. Rau lo lus nug: "Leej twg sau "Fly-Tsokotuha"? - ib tug me nyuam yuav teb hnub no. Thaum kawm zaj dab neeg no, cov menyuam yaus raug nug cov lus nug hauv qab no, uas pab kom nkag siab tsis yog lub ntsiab lus xwb, tab sis kuj yog lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm: "Yuav ua li cas rau ya? Leej twg pab nws? Cov qhua coj li cas? ?"

Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Yav-Tsokotuha" tus sau qhuas qhov zoo, uas yog ib txwm ua.kov yeej kev phem. Kab laug sab embodies phem, yoov tshaj cum - zoo. Txhua yam zoo li yooj yim thiab meej. Zaj dab neeg pib nrog kev lom zem, xaus nrog kev lom zem heev.

Raws li Korney Ivanovich, "Fly-Tsokotuha" yog ib qho ntawm nws txoj haujlwm zoo siab tshaj plaws thiab ua tiav. Zaj dab neeg yog ib qho kev vam meej. Cov duab kos rau nws phau ntawv tau tsim los ntawm tus kws kos duab Konashevich thiab thaum xub thawj Chukovsky yeej tsis nyiam nws.

Chukovshchina

Txawm hais tias qhov kev vam meej tsis tau pom dua hauv phau ntawv, txoj hmoo ntawm nws, thiab ntawm Chukovsky nws tus kheej, tsis yooj yim. Lub tswv yim ntawm "Chukovskyism" tshwm sim nyob rau hauv zej zog, tawm tsam cov niam txiv sawv, leej twg xav txog tej hauj lwm ntawm Korney Chukovsky cov phau ntawv tsis muaj nuj nqis, nrog rau cov dab neeg "Fly-Tsokotuha". Tus sau, nyob rau hauv lawv lub tswv yim, tsis tsa Soviet teeb meem nyob rau hauv fairy tales, tsis xav txog cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nws tsim kev ntshai tsis tsim nyog hauv cov menyuam yaus, piv txwv li, ua haujlwm "Moidodyr". Nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg "Yav-Tsokotuha" tus sau glorifies kulaks, thiab nyob rau hauv "Cockroach" nws tsim ib tug tsis ncaj ncees lawm lub tswv yim hais txog nyob creatures. Kuj tseem muaj cov neeg uas suav tias yog zaj dab neeg tsis yog zaj paj huam uas tsis muaj kev phom sij, tab sis yog zaj dab neeg tshawb nrhiav kev ua txhaum cai, kom meej meej tsis yog rau menyuam yaus txoj kev xav.

Tau kawg, muaj hnub ntawm kev tawm tsam ntawm Chukovsky txoj haujlwm, kev thuam poob rau tus kws sau ntawv. Tab sis tseem, cov lus yooj yooj yim, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv tsis tsim nyog ua rau nws nyiam cov menyuam phau ntawv.

Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm uas hais tias cov dab neeg ntawm Korney Ivanovich Chukovsky tsis qhia tus menyuam txoj kev coj zoo, kev coj ncaj ncees, kev ncaj ncees. Niaj hnub no, tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig, nws txoj cai coj nws qhov chawntawm cov me nyuam zoo tshaj tus sau.

"Fly-Tsokotuha", zoo li lwm yam ntawm cov kws sau ntawv, yog cov nyiaj kub ntawm Lavxias cov menyuam yaus cov ntaub ntawv thiab yuav zoo siab rau cov tub ntxhais hluas mus ntev.