Lub hnub qub ci ntsa iab ntawm Soviet ballet

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob rau hauv pre-revolutionary Russia, ballet nrov heev. Txawm tias muaj tseeb hais tias tom qab lub kiv puag ncig, ntau tus neeg seev cev ntawm lub imperial ua yeeb yam tawm hauv lub teb chaws thiab pib ua yeeb yam nyob rau theem ntawm txawv teb chaws ua yeeb yam, muaj ntau tus kws ua yeeb yam sab laug nyob rau hauv Russia uas muaj peev xwm mus revive ballet art nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws thiab pom lub Soviet ballet.. Thiab nyob rau hauv no lawv tau txais kev pab los ntawm thawj cov neeg commissar rau kev kawm ntawv, Anatoly Lunacharsky, uas tau siv zog ntau los khaws cia thiab txhim kho hom kev kos duab nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev uas ploj lawm. Nyob rau hauv lub 30s ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, thawj lub hnub qub ntawm lub Soviet ballet pib tshwm. Ntau tus ntawm lawv tau txais lub npe ntawm Cov Neeg Artist ntawm RSFSR thiab USSR:

• Ekaterina Geltser;
• Agrippina Vaganova;
• Galina Ulanovna;
• Olga Lepeshinskaya;
• Marina Semenova;
• YVasily Tikhomirov;
• YMikhail Gabovich;
• Alexey Ermolaev;
• Rostislav Zakharov;
• Asaf Messerer;
• Konstantin Sergeyev thiab lwm tus

40s - 50s

Lub sijhawm xyoo no, Imperial Theatre ntawm St. Petersburg tau hloov npe hu ua Ballet. Kirov (tam sim no lub Mariinsky Theatre), thiab muaj koob meej ballerina Agrippina Vaganova, ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawmPetipa thiab Ceccheti. Nws raug yuam kom hloov storylines, subordinating lawv mus rau Soviet ideological cov ntsiab cai. Yog li, piv txwv li, qhov kawg ntawm lub ballet "Swan Lake" tau hloov los ntawm tragic mus rau sublime. Thiab Imperial Ballet School tau dhau los ua lub npe hu ua Leningrad State Choreographic Institute. Yav tom ntej hnub qub ntawm Soviet ballet kawm ntawm no. Tom qab kev tuag ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj ballerina nyob rau hauv 1957, lub tsev kawm ntawv no tau renamed lub Agrippina Vaganova Academy ntawm Lavxias teb sab Ballet. Yog li ntawd nws thiaj li hu los txog niaj hnub no. Cov chaw ua yeeb yam nrov tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws yog Bolshoi Theatre hauv Moscow thiab Theatre. Kirov (Mariinsky Theatre) nyob rau hauv Leningrad. Lub repertoire ntawm theatre suav nrog ua hauj lwm los ntawm txawv teb chaws thiab Lavxias teb sab thiab Soviet composers. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Prokofiev tau nrov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog: ballets Cinderella thiab Romeo thiab Juliet, thiab lwm yam. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam tsis tso tseg thaum lub sijhawm ua tsov rog Patriotic ua si. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau mus txog nws lub hnub qub nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua. Kev tshaib kev nqhis rau kev coj noj coj ua thaum lub sijhawm tsov rog xyoo, cov neeg Soviet tau dej nyab lub tsev ua yeeb yam, thiab txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam tshiab tau muag tawm. Ballet cov duab tau nrov heev. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo no, cov hnub qub tshiab ntawm Soviet ballet tshwm sim: Tatyana Zimina, Maya Plisetskaya, Yuri Grigorovich, Maris Liepa, Makhmud Esambaev, Raisa Struchkova, Boris Bregvadze, Vera Dubrovina, Inna Zubkovskaya, Askold Makarov, Tamara Seifert, Nadezhda Nadelova, Vera, Violetta Bovt thiab lwm yam.

60s-70s

Tom qab xyoo tom qab, Soviet ballet tau los mus xyuasUSSR daim npav. Cov pab pawg ntawm Bolshoi thiab Kirov ua yeeb yam tau ua tiav ncig thoob plaws ntiaj teb, txawm mus dhau ntawm Daim Hlau Hlau. Qee lub hnub qub ntawm Soviet ballet, tau pom lawv tus kheej "dhau toj" thiab tau hnyav tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig thiab qhov tsis zoo, txiav txim siab mus nyob ntawd thiab thov kom muaj kev ywj pheej ywj pheej. Lawv raug suav hais tias yog cov neeg ntxeev siab rau hauv lawv lub tebchaws, thiab cov xov xwm tau sau txog cov npe nrov "cov neeg tawg rog". Alexander Godunov, Natalya Markova, Mikhail Baryshnikov, Valery Panov, Rudolf Nureyev - tag nrho cov ntawm lawv muaj kev vam meej thiab nyob rau hauv kev thov nyob rau hauv lub ballet theem ntawm lub prestigious theaters nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no. Txawm li cas los xij, tus kws ua yeeb yam Soviet ballet Great Rudolf Nureyev yeej qhov kev nyiam tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Nws tau los ua ib zaj dab neeg hauv keeb kwm ntawm ntiaj teb kab lis kev cai. Txij li xyoo 1961, nws tsis rov qab los ntawm Paris ncig saib thiab tau los ua thawj zaug hauv Covent Garden, thiab txij li xyoo 1980s nws tau los ua tus thawj coj ntawm Grand Opera hauv Paris.

Zoo kawg

Hnub no, Lavxias teb sab ballet tsis poob nws cov koob meej, thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam txhawb nqa los ntawm Soviet choreographers tau xav tau thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lavxias teb sab cov duab ntawm ballet art nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 21st yog dawb nyob rau hauv lawv cov yeeb yam. Lawv tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov ntawv cog lus ywj pheej thiab ua yeeb yam nyob rau theem ntawm kev ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws thiab, nrog rau lawv cov kev ua yeeb yam ci ntsa iab, ua pov thawj rau txhua tus thiab txhua yam uas Lavxias teb sab ballet yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.