I.S. Turgenev. Summary of "Notes of a yos hav zoov"

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev mus ib txhis nkag mus rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv thiab yeej qhov chaw hauv lub siab ntawm ntau lab tus neeg qhuas ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ua tsaug rau nws cov lus paj huam, txaus siab rau kev hlub rau Russia, nrog rau qhov tseeb ntawm lub neej. cov neeg nyob rau xyoo pua 19th, nkag mus rau txhua kab. Tsis yog tsuas yog sau ib tsab ntawv hais tawm ntawm Turgenev raws li nws pom.

"Hunter's Notes" belongs rau qeb ntawm cov ntawv tseeb uas cov neeg sau ntawv thuam hu ua paj huam.

Tus qhab nia siab yog ib qho khoom plig rau kev nthuav qhia thiab kev xav nplua nuj.

Kev tshaj tawm ntawm "Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Cov Lus Ceeb Toom" yog qhov tshwm sim ci ntsa iab rau cov neeg Lavxias

Cov dab neeg suav nrog hauv phau ntawv no tau tsim maj mam. Lawv tau luam tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1852 (txawm li cas los xij, peb zaj dab neeg tau muab tso rau hauv Cov Lus Cim me ntsis tom qab). Qhov nrov ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hauv nws lub tebchaws tom qab lawv tshaj tawm tau loj heev. Txawm tias Emperor Alexander II nyeem phau ntawv no nrov heev sau los ntawm I. S. Turgenev ("Notes of a Hunter") ntau dua ib zaug. Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov dab neegtau tham nyob rau hauv zej zog thiab tau paub rau tag nrho cov enlightened Russia. Ivan Sergeevich, raws li tus tswv ntawm cov lus tseeb, tau tswj hwm los tsim cov duab kos duab tshwj xeeb thiab kov cov neeg lub siab nrog lawv.

Neeg-tsib zaj dab neeg sib sau ua ke ntawm tus cwj pwm ntawm tib tus neeg piav qhia. Qhov no yog tus tswv av ntawm lub xeev Oryol, tus neeg yos hav zoov uas mus yos hav zoov tsis tu ncua, pom qee yam ntawm txoj kev, sau ntawv, tham nrog tib neeg. Nws yog observant thiab eloquent. Undoubtedly, Turgenev nws tus kheej hais lus los ntawm nws. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "Notes of a Hunter" - tib lub sijhawm keeb kwm ntawm lawv cov cim tseem ceeb. Lub hom phiaj ntawm zaj dab neeg tsis hais txog qhov tseeb thiab thoob ntiaj teb kev piav qhia ntawm cov duab sau. Daim duab tag nrho zoo li tau pleev xim rau hauv cov kab sib cais. Ib tug tshwj xeeb lyrical daim duab ntawm lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws, muaj puv nrog Lavxias teb sab ntsuj plig, yog tsim los ntawm cov dab neeg "Khor thiab Kalinich", "Kasyan", "Singers", "Bezhin Meadow". Lwm cov dab neeg yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws, xws li "Hamlet ntawm Shchigrovsky koog tsev kawm ntawv", "Lub nroog kws kho mob".

Tus thawj cim ntawm "Tus Neeg Saib Xyuas Cov Lus"

Thiab tib lub sijhawm, tus kws sau ntawv tsis muaj kev siv dag zog rau qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, nthuav dav, piav qhia txog lub neej tiag tiag ntawm tib neeg. Nws tswj kom pom kev sib haum xeeb txawm nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus tswv thiab tus serf. Txawm nyob ntawm no, tus poj Turgenev pom cov sprouts ntawm tshiab, tsis yog qhev, tab sis tib neeg kev sib raug zoo. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "Hunter's Notes" qhia peb li cas cov neeg txawj ntse, txawj ntse thiab tib neeg Khor yog phooj ywg nrog nws serf Kalinich. Thiab tsis muaj kev tawm tsam ntawm no, tsis muaj kev khib ntawm ib sab, tsis muaj kev thuam ntawm lwm tus. Tseeb, xws li Russia -zej zog lub teb chaws. Thiab nws tsis yog qhov tsis muaj txiaj ntsig uas tom qab ntawd, ntau tus neeg tawm tsam kev ywj pheej, tsis zoo li Bolsheviks, tau sim teeb tsa txoj hauv kev rau yav tom ntej rau nws los ntawm kev nkag siab thiab hloov siab lees txim. Muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau qhov no. Txog lawv - zaj dab neeg "Khor thiab Kalinich".

Muaj qhov sib sib zog nqus, tsis muaj kev ntseeg ntawm sab ntsuj plig hauv cov neeg Lavxias! Tus kws sau ntawv xav li ntawd. Nws tus cwj pwm ntawm sab ntsuj plig Kasyan nrog Ntaj Zoo Nkauj, ua yeeb yam ntawm kev ruam, ua kom ntseeg tau thiab tshwj xeeb.

Nws zoo li lub tswm ciab hauv tsev teev ntuj, ua rau txhua tus nyob ib puag ncig nws. "Cov neeg no muaj lub neej yav tom ntej!", - hais tias Ivan Sergeevich, qhia peb txog kev sib txuas lus ntawm cov hluas uas coj lawv cov nees mus rau hmo ntuj. Txhua tus tub muaj tus ntsuj plig, kev xav, kev sib txuas nrog nws lub tebchaws.

Thiab tib lub sijhawm, Turgenev sau txog qhov ua tsis tiav ntawm serfdom. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "Hunter's Notes" qhia peb cov duab nyuaj ntawm cov tswv tsev Penochkin, Stegunov thiab Zverkov, uas tau poob thiab poob kov cov neeg. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws sau ntawv tsis lees paub qhov tsim nyog thiab qhia txog kev phom sij ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb kev tawm tsam (zaj dab neeg "Knocks"). Ntshav thiab kev nruj kev tsiv raws li txoj hauv kev los daws cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo yog qhov tsis lees txais rau Russia, cov ntseeg classic.

Cov Lus Qhia

Turgenev sau nws phau ntawv raws sijhawm. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm "Notes of a Hunter" tawm tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias lawv tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab los ntawm txhua tus neeg hauv zej zog xav tau tshem tawm kev ua tub rog hauv kev nyiam ntawm tag nrho lub zej zog. Ua neej nyob, cov duab pej xeem tshwj xeeb ntawm Lukerya ("Living Powers"), Arina ("Yermolai thiab Miller's Poj Niam"), Yashka tus Turk ("Singers"), tsis muaj flirting nrog cov neeg, muabkev xav ntawm ib lub teb chaws tseem ceeb, zej zog, catholicity ntawm cov neeg Lavxias. Qhov kev lees paub siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev txawj ntse nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias tag nrho Turgenev cov dab neeg hais txog ib yam. Qhov tseeb tias serfdom tau dhau los lawm, thiab cov neeg tau piav qhia hauv Turgenev cov cim zoo nkauj, tshwj xeeb, thiab txhais tau tias tsis tuaj yeem ua qhev.