St. Petersburg Academic Lensoviet Theatre: repertoire, piav qhia thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob hauv lub neej ntawm txhua tus neeg muaj qhov hu ua iconic, thiab tej zaum cult chaw. Rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam, ib qho ntawm cov chaw no, tau kawg, yog Lensoviet St. Petersburg Academic Theatre. Tsis yog tsuas yog cov neeg nyob hauv nroog xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov neeg tuaj ncig tebchaws uasi lossis cov neeg ua lag luam sim mus rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam hauv lub tuam tsev Melpomene.

Hnub nyoog tshiab, kab lis kev cai tshiab

Nyob rau xyoo 19th, tsis muaj ntau lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv nroog. Yeej, ua yeeb yam pab pawg tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm patrons thiab ua rau theem ntawm "tsev" theatre. Cov pej xeem sawv daws tau raug txwv tsis pub nkag mus rau qhov kev ua yeeb yam.

pib ntawm lub xyoo pua nees nkaum tau cim los ntawm lub kiv puag ncig tsis yog nyob rau hauv kev nom kev tswv lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws. Kev hloov pauv tseem cuam tshuam rau txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev kos duab - cov kws kos duab, kws sau paj huam thiab cov kws sau paj huam, cov kws sau paj huam thiab cov thawj coj ntawm qhov pib ntawm lub xyoo pua muaj kev ywj pheej thiab nthuav tawm lawv cov kev sim tsim rau lub tsev hais plaub ntawm cov neeg qhuas. Tawm tsam keeb kwm ntawm kev kos duab niaj hnub no, nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias xyoo 1933 lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim hauv St. Petersburg, uas tau hu ua."Tshiab". Tom qab ntawd, pab pawg, coj los ntawm Isaac Kroll, tig mus rau Lensoviet Academic Theatre.

Dutch Church

Thawj qhov kev ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim hauv lub tsev ntawm Dutch Church, nyob rau ntawm Nevsky Prospekt. Lub tsev teev ntuj tsis muaj txhua yam tsim nyog rau kev ua yeeb yam hauv nws, thiab tsis ntev tom qab thawj zaug ua yeeb yam, hluav taws yuav luag tag nrho cov neeg ua haujlwm nrog nws. Lub tsev ua yeeb yam, pib nyuam qhuav pib, yuav luag ceased.

Tab sis qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm tus thawj coj Kroll (tus tub kawm ntawm V. E. Meyerhold) tau qhuas rau cov pej xeem thiab cov neeg thuam. Kev ua yeeb yam ci ntsa iab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam uas sawv ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub tuam tsev ntawm Melpomene tsis mus tsis pom. Kev ua yeeb yam thiab cov duab kos duab tau tig mus rau cov tub ceev xwm nrog kev thov, thiab xyoo 1936, nyob rau hauv lub reconstructed Hall rau ua yeeb yam ntawm AI Pavlova, lub St. Petersburg Academic Theatre muaj npe tom qab Lensoviet resumed nws cov dej num. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm kev ua si "Mad Money" los ntawm A. N. Ostrovsky, los ntawm qhov keeb kwm ntawm pawg neeg no tau pib, tau tshwm sim dua ntawm Troitskaya Street.

Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib 2, lub tsev tau raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev foob pob, thiab cov kws ua yeeb yaj kiab uas rov qab los ntawm kev mus ncig sab hnub tuaj ntev tau muab lub tsev tshiab - lub tsev qub ntawm Prince V. P..

Meyerholdism

Thaum 30s lig, cov kws ua yeeb yam pib tawm tsam nrog cov thawj coj thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam. Lub siab xav hloov kho tshiab, nyeem classical tej hauj lwm nyob rau hauv koj tus kheej txoj kev yog tam sim no tsis muaj leej twgxav tsis thoob, tab sis ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, nrov heev. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, tau txais ib lub npe nrov, "Meyerholdism" (los ntawm lub npe ntawm tus thawj coj V. E. Meyerhold) ntshai thiab txawm tias repelled. Kev muaj tiag tsis lees txais cov neeg muaj tswv yim uas tab tom nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab hauv kev kos duab thiab dhau los ua tsis siv.

Qee theatre ntawm St. Petersburg pom lawv tus kheej hauv lub voj voog no. Leningrad City Council Theatre yog tsis muaj kev zam. Tus thawj coj, Isaac Kroll, raug rho tawm ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. B. M. Sushkevich coj nws qhov chaw los ntawm kev txiav txim siab ntawm lub nroog cov thawj coj ntawm kab lis kev cai.

Kev Sib Koom Niam Txiv

Tus neeg ua yeeb yam zoo, tus kws qhia B. M. Sushkevich, coj nrog nws ntau tus kawm tiav ntawm lub koom haum ua yeeb yam. Tau ua haujlwm nrog A. P. Chekhov thiab E. B. Vakhtangov ntawm Thawj Studio ntawm Moscow Art Theatre, kawm nrog KS Stanislavsky thiab LA yuav hais tam sim no). Tsuas yog xws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev xaav thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav qhia tau tiag tiag thiab nthuav tawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kos duab. Nws yog cov lus no uas nws coj mus rau Lensoviet Academic Theatre. St. Petersburg tau kov yeej sai sai los ntawm kev ua kom zoo nkauj, zoo nkauj thiab tib lub sijhawm cov kev daws teeb meem niaj hnub no los ntawm B. M. Sushkevich.

Ib qho sib txawv heev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm muaj peev xwm thiab sib npaug repertoire tso cai rau yuav luag txhua tus neeg ua yeeb yam ntawm pab pawg los qhia lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau hauv Schiller cov productions ("Mary Stuart", "The Fiesco Conspiracy in Genoa"), Nadezhda Bromley, Sushkevich tus poj niam thiab comrade-in-arms, ci ntsa iab ntawm theem. Tus poj niam no kuj yog ib tug kws sau ntawv, thiabtus thawj coj; ua tsaug rau nws txoj kev nyiam thiab kev nyiam romantic, kev ua yeeb yam tau txais ntau dua sublime, ci xim.

Kev tshawb fawb txog kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm cov cim ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib nrog bated pa "nyeem" hauv "Restless Old Age" (L. Rakhmanov), "Petty Bourgeois" (M. Gorky), "The Miser" (J.- B. Molière). Tsuas yog tsim ib pab pawg neeg tiag tiag los ntawm pab pawg, Sushkevich nws tus kheej tau mus rau theem thiab ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv ntiaj teb kev ua yeeb yam ntawm Matthias Clausen los ntawm G. Hauptmann's ua yeeb yam Ua ntej Sunset. Kev ua si yog hu ua theatrical Legend los ntawm cov neeg thuam.

Cultural Service to Warriors

Nws yog nrog cov lus no uas Lensoviet St. Petersburg Academic Theatre thaum Lub Kaum Hli 1940 raug xa mus ncig mus rau Far East. Cov xov xwm ntawm tsov rog pom cov lam nyob rau hauv Khabarovsk. Kev ncig xyuas tau ntev li 5 xyoos. Txog thaum lub caij ntuj sov xyoo 1945, lub tsev ua yeeb yam tau ua haujlwm hauv Siberia thiab Urals, Far East thiab Far North. Cov chaw ciam teb, cov nroog, cov mines kub thiab cov nkoj ua rog tau pom 1,300 qhov kev ua yeeb yam thiab yuav luag 1,000 concerts. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam tsis tu ncua mus rau cov koom haum nquag nrog cov tub rog pem hauv ntej.

Tau kawg, nyob rau lub sijhawm nyuaj, cov kws ua yeeb yam tuaj yeem ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib, txhawb nqa lawv. Tab sis, txawm tias txhua yam, lub repertoire ntawm Leningrad City Council Theatre tau hloov kho. Muaj kev ua yeeb yam los ntawm K. Simonov, A. Korneichuk, V. Solovyov, uas qhia txog lub neej pem hauv ntej thiab cov kev paub ntawm cov neeg uas tseem nyob tom qab.

Akimov's link

Tom qab kev tuag ntawm Sushkevich hauv xyoo 1946, cov thawj coj tsis nyob hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntau dualub caij. Rau qee lub sij hawm, Lensoviet St. Petersburg Academic Theatre tau coj los ntawm Nadezhda Bromley, uas ua rau Nora raws li Ibsen qhov kev ua si. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub theatrical lub neej ntawm lub nroog. Tom qab ntawd tus actress Galina Korotkevich los ua tus thawj coj. Tom qab ntawd tuaj ib tug series ntawm successive directors, mus txog rau thaum kawg, Nikolai Pavlovich Akimov tshwm nyob rau hauv lub ua yeeb yam. Nws raug demoted thiab "exiled" ntawm no los ntawm lub Comedy Theatre rau lub "formalism" los ntawm uas I. Kroll raug kev txom nyem nyob rau hauv nws lub sij hawm.

Akimov coj huab cua ntshiab, thiab pab pawg neeg tuaj txog txoj sia. Ntxiv nrog rau cov npe ua yeeb yam tshiab, uas tau paub los ntawm pej xeem ua tsaug rau qhov ua tau zoo ntawm tus thawj coj kev ua yeeb yam tsis pom kev, kev ua yeeb yam tshiab tau tshwm sim: thawj Soviet suab paj nruag "Lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav hauv Moscow", ua yeeb yam Lavxias teb sab los ntawm M. E. S altykov-Shchedrin thiab A. V. Sukhovo-Kobylin. Nikolai Pavlovich ntseeg hais tias classical tej hauj lwm yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab, nws yog los ntawm lawv cov tastes thiab kev nkag siab ntawm theatrical aesthetics tau thiab yuav tsum tau instilled nyob rau hauv lub viewers.

Thiab rau hnub ua ntej ntawm 20th hnub tseem ceeb ntawm pab pawg ntawm New Theatre, nws tau muab npe tom qab Leningrad Council.

YThe Vladimirov era

Xyoo 1956, Akimov rov qab mus rau nws haiv neeg Comedy Theatre, thiab cov thawj coj tseem ceeb ntawm Leningrad City Council tau hloov ua ntej lawv muaj sijhawm "pib lawv lub luag haujlwm." Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1960, Igor Petrovich Vladimirov tau txais lub luag hauj lwm ntawm tus thawj coj. Thiab ib tug txawm ntau nthuav lub neej ntawm lub troupe pib. Vladimirov tau dhau los ua tus thawj coj uas cov neeg ua yeeb yam tau tos thiab nrhiav ntev heev.

Zoo li txhua tus thawj coj, nws pib ua yeeb yam. Ua haujlwm nrog G. A. Tovstonogov, IgorPetrovich pib pab nws hauv kev ua yeeb yam thiab paub txog txoj haujlwm no. Kev teem caij ntawm Vladimirov thiab kev hloov hauv 1962 mus rau Lensoviet State Academic Theatre ntawm Alisa Freindlikh (Vladimirov tus poj niam) txiav txim siab lub tswv yim kev taw qhia ntawm lub troupe rau ntau xyoo.

Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, tus thawj coj tau nyiam ua yeeb yam niaj hnub, ua yeeb yaj kiab txawv teb chaws thiab tig cov neeg tuaj saib lub tswv yim ntawm classics upside down. Nrog rau kev tsim ntawm Lub Threepenny Opera, theatre tau txais ib hom ntawv qub uas ua ke eccentricity, sau ntawv xov xwm, romance thiab grotesque. Qhov no yog qhov ua tau tom qab qhov kev vam meej zoo kawg li ntawm 40 xyoo.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg

Thaum Vladimirov tuag rau xyoo 1999, VB Pazi tau los ua nws qhov chaw. Ib tug txiv neej ntawm cov kab lis kev cai siab tshaj plaws, nws tau kho cov kab lis kev cai ntawm kev ua yeeb yam zoo heev. Tab sis nws tsis ntshai yuav txaus ntshai thiab nthuav lub repertoire nrog kiag li txawv txawv, tab sis heev nthuav productions ntawm Bergman, Nabokov, Berberova. Pazi tau caw cov thawj coj zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov txuj ci hluas, vim tias cov khoom tsim tau ib txwm nyiam cov neeg tuaj saib.

Txij xyoo 2011, tom qab 5 xyoo nyuaj yam tsis muaj tus thawj coj, Yu. Cov kev ua yeeb yam nws tau hloov pauv lub theatre, tab sis tseem muaj tseeb rau tus ntsuj plig ntawm kev muaj tswv yim thiab lub zog.