2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Lub ntiaj teb thawj coj hauv kev tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm ntau yam yeeb yaj kiab yog Is Nrias teb. xinesmas nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws no yog ib tug thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam uas tau tshaj lub Suav thiab Hollywood zaj duab xis industries nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm documentaries thiab feature films tsim. Cov yeeb yaj kiab Indian tau nthuav tawm ntawm cov ntxaij vab tshaus ntawm cuaj caum lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb. Kab lus no yuav tham txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm Indian xinesmas.
Multilingual structure
Kev lag luam yeeb yaj kiab Indian yog ntau hom lus. Qhov tseeb yog lub teb chaws siv ob hom lus: Hindi thiab lus Askiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav luag txhua lub xeev hauv Is Nrias teb muaj nws tus kheej cov lus lees paub. Thiab nyob rau hauv ntau thaj tsam ntawm lub teb chaws (Orissa, Punjab, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal, Kerala, Karnataka, Jammu thiab Kashmir, Haryana, Assam, Anhra Pradesh, Gujarat) ua yeeb yaj kiab. Thiab nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias Indian xinesmas tau muab faib ua cov kab lus. Hauv Tollywood, cov yeeb yaj kiab tau ua hauv Telugu, hauv Kollywood - hauv Tomil. Hindi tshaj tawm ribbons nto mooBollywood. Is Nrias teb tshaj tawm ntau dua 1000 zaj yeeb yaj kiab hauv ntau hom lus txhua xyoo.
Nkauj movie tawm tshiab
Muaj ob hom yeeb yam hauv Indian xinesmas.
Masala yog ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab uas tsim los rau cov neeg tuaj saib thoob plaws. Cov yeeb yaj kiab ntawm hom no yog qhov sib xyaw ntawm ntau hom: melodrama, ua yeeb yam, comedy, ua yeeb yaj kiab. Feem ntau ntawm cov duab no yog cov yeeb yuj suab paj nruag, tua tawm tsam qhov chaw zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv Is Nrias teb. Cov zajlus ntawm xws li tapes yuav zoo li zoo heev thiab implausible. Ib hom ntawv tau txais nws lub npe nyob rau hauv kev hwm ntawm Indian sib xyaw ntawm cov txuj lom - masala
"Parallel" xinesmas yog lub tsev kos duab Indian. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov paintings yog txawv los ntawm hnyav thiab naturalism. Coj txoj hauv kev no yog Bengali xinesmas, uas nws tus thawj coj Satyajit Rai, Ritwik Ghatak thiab Mrinal Sen tau txais kev qhuas thoob ntiaj teb
Tshaj tawm ntawm Indian xinesmas
Indian xinesmas yug hauv xyoo 1899 thaum tus kws yees duab H. S. Bhatwadekar, lossis Save-Dada, ua ntau zaj yeeb yaj kiab luv. Thawj daim duab uas ntsiag to hu ua Raja Harishchandra tau tso tawm xyoo 1913. Nws tus tsim yog Dadasaheb Falke, uas tau tshwm sim los ua tus thawj coj, tsim tawm, sau ntawv, sau ntawv, tus kws yees duab, thiab tus xa khoom ntawm nws qhov kev tsim tib lub sijhawm. Nyob rau hauv 1910, 25 films raug tua nyob rau hauv Is Nrias teb, thiab nyob rau hauv 1930 - 200 films. Xyoo 1931, thaum Lub Peb Hlis 14, thawj daim duab Indian, Lub Teeb ntawm Lub Ntiaj Teb, tau tso tawm. Nws ua tau zoo heev. Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, 27 ntxivcov yeeb yaj kiab (22 ntawm lawv hauv Hindi), uas tau coj cov neeg tsis paub ntawv ntawm Indian cov pej xeem mus rau xinesmas. Xyoo 1933, thawj zaj yeeb yaj kiab British-Indian, Destiny, tau tsim. Nws tso tawm yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev coj noj coj ua lub neej ntawm Is Nrias teb - hauv daim duab muaj qhov hnia ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb. Interestingly, tom qab lub teb chaws tau txais kev ywj pheej, nyob rau hauv 1952, ib txoj cai lij choj ntawm xinesmas tau dhau los, txwv tsis pub hnia ntawm qhov screen li "tsis ncaj ncees lawm". Thawj xim Indian zaj duab xis tau tso tawm xyoo 1937. Nws tau hu ua "Tus Ntxhais Peasant" thiab tsis muaj kev vam meej hauv lub thawv ntawv. Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob ua rau cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab Indian tsis txaus ntseeg: kev tswj hwm kev nom kev tswv tau dhau los ua nyuaj, muaj qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab. Tab sis cov neeg Isdias Asmesliskas txuas ntxiv mus xyuas cov chaw ua yeeb yaj kiab. Zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Destiny" tau siv sijhawm 192 lub lis piam ntawm lub thawv ntawv thiab ua tau zoo ntawm lub thawv ntawv.
Hnub Nyoog Kawg ntawm Indian Cinema
Lub hnub nyoog kub yog lub hnub qub ntawm xinesmas, uas tau cim rau xyoo 1940-1960 hauv Is Nrias teb. Cov yeeb yaj kiab uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau lub sijhawm no tau dhau los ua classics ntawm hom. Niam Is Nrias teb (1957), qhia los ntawm Mehboob Khan, tau txais ntau yam khoom plig ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab txawv teb chaws thiab tau raug xaiv tsa rau Oscar rau Cov Duab Zoo Tshaj Plaws Txawv Tebchaws. Cov thawj coj nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd yog: Kamal Amrohi, Vijay Bhatt, Bimal Roy, K. Asif, Mehboob Khan. Cov kab xev "Daim Paj" thiab "Nyiam", ua yeeb yaj kiab los ntawm Guru Dutt, tau suav nrog hauv cov npe ntawm "100 zaj yeeb yaj kiab zoo tshaj plaws txhua lub sijhawm" raws li cov ntawv tshaj tawm nto moo Western. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab cov yeeb yam uas nyiam tshaj plaws hauv Is Nrias teb, yog: Guru Dutt, Raj Kapoor, Dilip Kumar, Dev Anand, Mala Sinha, Waheeda Rehman,Madhubala, Nutan, Meena Kumari, Nargis.
Raj Kapoor is the favorite of public
Raj Kapoor paub tsis yog tsuas yog ua yeeb yam zoo xwb, tab sis kuj yog tus thawj coj zoo uas tau ua yeeb yaj kiab Indian zoo tshaj plaws. Nws paintings yog ib qho kev lag luam ruaj khov. Cov kab xev "Tram" (1951) thiab "Mr. 420" (1955) qhia txog lub neej ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv nroog hauv Is Nrias teb. Qhov zais cia tom qab kev vam meej ntawm Raja Kapoor cov yeeb yaj kiab yog qhov yooj yim. Lawv qhia txog lub neej thiab txoj kev ua neej ntawm ntau ntu ntawm cov pejxeem raws li lawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov yeeb yaj kiab tua hauv hom yeeb yaj kiab tau kov yeej nrog lawv txoj kev cia siab thiab kev hlub ntawm lub neej. Cov kab lus los ntawm zaj nkauj mus rau "Mr. 420" tag nrho characterizes lub ntsiab ntawm daim duab: "Kuv nyob rau hauv American thom khwm, fashionable British trousers, nyob rau hauv ib tug loj Lavxias teb sab kaus mom, thiab nrog ib tug Indian ntsuj plig." Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov neeg tuaj saib tsis tuaj yeem rhuav tshem lawv tus kheej ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab. Raj Kapoor ua si nws lub luag haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws hauv nws cov yeeb yaj kiab thiab tau nrov heev hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Nws tau txais ntau lub npe zoo nkauj. Nws raug hu ua "txiv ntawm Indian xinesmas", "tus huab tais xiav-eyed ntawm sab hnub tuaj" thiab "Indian Charlie Chaplin". Cov yeeb yaj kiab qub Indian nrog Raj Kapoor tseem ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob rau cov neeg tuaj saib.
Parallel Cinema
Nyob rau hauv kev sib piv rau kev lag luam ua yeeb yaj kiab kev lag luam, "kev sib txuas" xinesmas tau tshwm sim hauv Is Nrias teb. Bengali xinesmas tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no. Chetan Anand (Valley City), Ritwik Ghatak (Nagarik) thiab Bimal Roy (Ob Bighas of the Land) tau ua cov yeeb yaj kiab Indian zoo tshaj plaws hauv hom no. Cov thawj coj no tau tso lub hauv paus rau neo-realism hauv Is Nrias teb. Tom qab ntawd, Satyajit Rai tsim Apu Trilogy.(1955-1959), uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb xinesmas. Nws thawj zaj yeeb yaj kiab, Nkauj ntawm Txoj Kev (1955), tau yeej ntau qhov yeeb yaj kiab thoob ntiaj teb. Ua tsaug rau qhov kev vam meej ntawm trilogy, "parallel" xinesmas tau ua kom ruaj khov hauv Indian xinesmas. Lwm tus thawj coj hauv lub tebchaws (Buddhadev Dasgupta, Mani Kol, Adur Gopalakrishnan, Mrinal Sen) pib ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsev. Satyajit Rai thaum nws lub neej tau txais kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb thiab ntau yam khoom plig cinematic. Qhov thib ob ntawm Apu Trilogy, tso tawm xyoo 1956, zaj duab xis Invictus, yeej Golden Tsov nyob rau hauv Venice zaj duab xis Success thiab Golden Xyooj thiab ob Silver Bears nyob rau hauv Berlin. Indian thawj coj Guru Dutt, Ritwik Ghatak thiab Satyajit Rai tau lees paub tias yog tus kws tshaj lij theorists ntawm auteur xinesmas ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th.
thriller
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, cov yeeb yaj kiab romantic nrog cov ntsiab lus ua tau tuaj rau hauv vogue. Cov duab no tau ua yeeb yaj kiab feem ntau hauv Bollywood. Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab no yog "tus tub hluas npau taws" (cov duab embodied los ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam Amitabh Bachchan), uas nws tus kheej tawm tsam kev phem thiab yeej txhua yam kev tsov kev rog. Cov yeeb yaj kiab, nplua nuj nrog cov nkauj thiab seev cev, nrog lub ntsej muag ntxim nyiam thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua, yeej tsis yog Is Nrias teb nkaus xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm lub tebchaws hauv ntiaj teb. Cov yeeb yaj kiab Indian "Zita thiab Gita", "Tus Hlub Raja", "Mr. Is Nrias teb", "Disco Dancer", "Dance, Dance" thiab lwm yam tseem raug tshuaj xyuas los ntawm cov kiv cua ntawm hom kev txaus siab. Cov neeg ua yeeb yam nto moo tshaj plaws nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd yog Shashi Kapoor, SanjeevKumar, Dharmendra, Rajesh Khanna, Mumtaz thiab Asha Parekh, Sharmila Tagore thiab Hema Malini, Jaya Bhaduri, Anil Kapoor thiab Medhun Chakraborty.
Modern Paintings
New Indian xinesmas tau txais kev lees paub thoob ntiaj teb. Kev lag luam Indian yeeb yaj kiab txuas ntxiv tau txais txoj haujlwm saum toj kawg nkaus. Xyoo 1975, Ramesh Sippy zaj duab xis "Revenge and the Law" raug tso tawm. Qee cov neeg thuam pom nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam yeeb yaj kiab Indian. Cov yeeb yaj kiab The Wall (1975) los ntawm Yash Chopra kuj tau txais kev tshuaj xyuas zoo los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab thoob ntiaj teb. Xyoo 1980, zaj yeeb yaj kiab Salaam Bombay Nair Mira yeej Golden Camera Award ntawm Cannes Film Festival. Cov yeeb yaj kiab no kuj tau txais kev xaiv tsa Oscar. Nyob rau xyoo 1980s-1990s, cov duab "Lub Sentence" (1988), "Hmoov Kub Kub" (1988), "Txhua yam hauv Lub Neej Happens" (1998), "Playing with Death" (1993), "The Unabducted Bride" (1995).) tau tsim). Cov kws ua yeeb yam Indian xws li Salman Khan, Aamir Khan thiab Shah Rukh Khan tau koom nrog ntau zaj yeeb yaj kiab.
Ib lub teb chaws ua yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv hom "pib" xinesmas tseem yog Is Nrias teb. Cov yeeb yaj kiab "Kev Txhaum Cai" (1998), tsim los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Anurag Kashyap thiab tus thawj coj Rama Gopal Varma, tau ua tiav zoo thiab tau tsim lub hauv paus rau ib hom tshiab ntawm Indian xinesmas - "Mumbai noir". Lub ntiajteb sab hauv ntawm Mumbai tau tshwm sim hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab "Dancing on the Edge" (2001), "Payback" (2002), "Lub neej ntawm lub teeb tsheb" (2007) thiab lwm yam.
Txoj kev lag luam xinesmas
Ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab tawm txhua xyoo hauv Is Nrias teb. xinesmas hauv lub tebchaws noyog tsis tu ncua kev loj hlob. Cov yeeb yaj kiab zoo nkauj Indian feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab cov yeeb yaj kiab, nrog lub zog ua yeeb yam, cov neeg ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj thiab cov tswv yim qub ntawm txhua qib ntawm daim duab. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab raug tua raws li tus qauv. Stereotypical daim phiaj, tsis muaj zog nrum thiab lwm yam. Tshwj xeeb mloog nyob rau hauv xws li tapes yog muab rau cov suab paj nruag tivthaiv. Movie soundtracks raug tso tawm zoo ua ntej tso zaj movie no kom sawv daws nyiam.
Ib feem coob ntawm cov neeg tuaj saib hauv Is Nrias teb yog cov neeg pluag, yog li cov yeeb yaj kiab ua lag luam feem ntau qhia txog txoj hmoo ntawm tus txiv neej uas tswj hwm nws qhov chaw nyob hauv qab hnub ib leeg. Ntau xim nyob rau hauv tapes ntawm hom no yog muab rau cov xim ci, zoo nkauj outfits, suab paj nruag. Qhov no pab cov neeg tuaj saib tsis nco qab txog lawv cov teeb meem hauv ntiaj teb ib ntus. Cov qauv zoo nkauj Indian feem ntau dhau los ua cov yeeb yaj kiab hauv kev lag luam: Aishwarya Rai, Priyanka Chopra, Lara Datta.
Pom zoo:
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Indian actresses rov qab rau hauv kev zam. Qhov zoo nkauj tshaj plaws actresses ntawm Indian xinesmas
Txhua tus paub tias cov neeg ua yeeb yam Indian koom ua ke tsis yog cov txuj ci txawv txawv, tab sis kuj tseem muaj kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj. Lawv cov npe tsuas yog loj, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem npog nws tag nrho. Peb tsuas sau ob peb lub npe nrov xwb
Nkauj hmoob Indian ua yeeb yam. Cov kws tshaj lij thiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntawm Indian xinesmas
Qhov chaw ua yeeb yam hauv ntiaj teb xinesmas yog nyob hauv Hollywood, Asmeskas "npau suav Hoobkas". Nyob rau hauv qhov chaw thib ob yog lub tuam txhab Indian zaj duab xis "Bollywood", ib yam ntawm cov analogue ntawm US zaj duab xis Hoobkas. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov zoo sib xws ntawm ob lub loj loj ntawm kev lag luam yeeb yaj kiab thoob ntiaj teb yog qhov txheeb ze heev, hauv Hollywood, qhov kev nyiam yog muab rau cov yeeb yaj kiab taug txuj kev nyuaj, kev ua yeeb yaj kiab sab hnub poob thiab kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, thiab cov ntsiab lus kev hlub raug txo rau cov dab neeg melodramatic nrog kev zoo siab kawg
Ksenia Bashtovaya: "Tus Tub Vaj Ntxwv Tsaus Ntuj" thiab tag nrho-tag nrho-tag nrho
Ksenia Bashtova yog tus sau kev lom zem thiab kev hlub fantasy, dab neeg luv luv thiab paj huam. Nws tej hauj lwm muaj peev xwm raug ntaus nqi rau tej yam ntaub ntawv xws li "light reading". Bashtova cov phau ntawv tsis poob siab lossis txhawb nqa, tab sis hauv lawv lub tuam txhab nws yog qhov zoo rau kev so los ntawm kev ua haujlwm txhua hnub, thiab lawv zoo kawg nkaus pab daws kev ntxhov siab
