Gzhel painting: pej xeem kos duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob hauv cheeb tsam Ramensky ntawm lub xeev Moscow, "Gzhel hav txwv yeem" tau nthuav dav - nees nkaum xya lub nroog Lavxias feem ntau nyob ntawm cov hav zoov thiab teb. Nws yog nyob rau hauv lawv tias qhov zoo kawg nkaus xiav-thiab-dawb kos duab ntawm Gzhel painting tau yug los. Art yog pej xeem, sib sib zog nqus thiab tsoos. Muaj tsuas yog ob peb lub crafts nto moo nyob rau hauv Russia: Khokhloma, Zhostovo, Fedoskino, Gorodetskaya thiab Gzhel painting. Khokhloma painting yog ib qho kev kos duab ntawm cov tais ntoo thiab ntau yam khoom ntoo. Zhostovo painting yog kos duab rau ntawm cov tais hlau. Fedoskino painting txheej txheem, ntau ntau complex, yog raws li nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm ib tug txheej txheej reflective muaj. Gorodets painting yog kos duab rau ntawm lub hauv paus ntoo nyias. Nws zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem pleev xim rau lub cim, tab sis cov phiaj xwm feem ntau yog siv los ua neeg dawb huv.

Thiab, thaum kawg, Gzhel painting yog ib daim duab nrog ci xiav cob alt xim ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) nyoos dawb, ua raws li glazing thiab tua.

Gzhel av yog av dub, nws yog nyom thiab nws nyuaj rau tus neeg noj nws. Tau ntau xyoo thiab ntau xyoo, tib neeg tau sim, plowing thaj av, sowed. xya hwsnqis los ntawm plowmen, tab sis tag nrho nyob rau hauv vain - lub ntiaj teb tsis yug. Thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus yog tias tam sim ntawd nyob rau hauv lub sab sauv txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb ib tug dav txheej ntawm dawb av nplaum nteg, tsis muaj kawg thiab ntug, tob thiab loj. Yuav ua li cas cov nplej tuaj yeem yug ntawm no? Cov neeg Gzhel xav, xav, thiab tso tseg khawb hauv av. Nws pib kuv av av thiab tsa lub lauj kaub.

Hauv cheeb tsam Gzhel, txhua tus neeg thib ob muaj peev xwm ntawm "khoom siv tes ua" - tsawg kawg ua ib lub thoob, yam tsawg kawg yog lub thoob ntiaj teb. Thiab tej yam mus rau. Ua ntej, ob peb cov khoom siv tes ua me me tau tsim, tom qab ntawd kev tsim cov tais diav loj dua tau tsim, thiab cov tais diav pib tsim. Thiab cov tais diav yuav tsum zoo nkauj, uas txhais tau hais tias yuav tsum tau pleev xim. Nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv, cov kws ua yeeb yam tau tshwm sim. Tib lub sijhawm, lawv kawm paub qhov txawv ntawm av nplaum. Cov qib siab tshaj plaws, dawb huv, raug xa mus rau Moscow rau cov kws muag tshuaj rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho mob. Av nplaum yog yooj yim dua rau faience, daim hlau thiab tais, thiab feem ntau cov daus-dawb, plooj (porcelain), yog siv rau cov khoom nyob rau hauv classical Gzhel style, painting ntawm uas zoo nkauj heev hais tias nws yog breathtaking.

Lawv hais tias tshuaj yej los ntawm lub khob Gzhel saj txawv: koj haus kaum khob thiab tseem xav tau. Gzhel painting yog hu ua li ntawd vim hais tias nws lub npe los ntawm lo lus "zhgel" - nws txhais tau tias "hlawv", "hlawv". Zoo, ib tug neeg Lavxias nyiam rov sau cov ntawv hauv cov lus. Yog hais tias ib tug neeg hais lo lus "omnibus", ces nws yuav twv yuav raug hu ua "Kuv yuav puag." Yog li ntawd, lawv tau rov kho dua: Zhgel los ua Gzhel. Nyob rau hauv 1812, twb muaj 25 factories nyob rau hauv lub Gzhel hav txwv yeem uas tsim cov tais diav zoo. Nrog txoj kev muskev cob qhia ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tsim cov khoom ua si, cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj thiab cov khoom siv rau cov tshuaj yej tog festive. Av nplaum, qib sib txawv thiab ntau qhov ntxoov ntxoo, txaus rau txhua yam.

Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, Gzhel ntau lawm pib poob qis, ib feem vim tias ntau cov tais diav twb tau ua lawm, lossis tej zaum tsuas yog ib lub sijhawm ntawm kev ntsiag to tuaj, zoo li tshwm sim los ntawm qee lub sijhawm nrog cov chaw tsim khoom loj.. Tab sis qhov kev kub ntxhov tsis cuam tshuam rau kev tsim duab kos duab. Gzhel painting tseem nyob rau hauv kev thov. Tsis ntev los no, cov tsev kawm tshwj xeeb tau tsim, uas cov neeg kawm tiav tau koom nrog cov porcelain masters, kws kos duab thiab cov neeg tsim qauv. Gzhel painting, uas nws cov duab yeej tsis rov qab, yog tam sim no vam meej dua, zoo siab nrog cov xim tshwj xeeb ntawm nws cov khoom.