Architect Frank Gehry: biography, duab

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Frank Gehry, daim duab ntawm nws txoj haujlwm koj yuav pom hauv qab no, yog tus kws tshaj lij Asmeskas nto moo tshaj plaws uas nws txoj haujlwm yog deconstructivism. Nws lub npe tiag tiag yog Ephraim Owen Goldberg.

Tus kws kes duab vajtse yug Lub Ob Hlis 28, 1929 hauv Toronto, Canada. Ephraim tsev neeg muaj cov neeg Yudais Polish. Lawv nyob hauv lub nroog Timens (qhov no yog lub xeev Ontario). Nyob ntawd, Goldberg txiv yawg tau koom nrog kev muag khoom ntawm lub tsev, thiab Frank txiv muaj lub khw muag khoom nrog cov tshuab (vending thiab gaming).

Los ntawm Canadian nrog cov hauv paus hniav Polish mus rau Asmeskas

Thaum Gehry muaj 18 xyoo, tsev neeg tsiv mus rau California, lub nroog Los Angeles. Tsis ntev tom qab ntawd, Frank tau hloov nws txoj kev ua neeg xam xaj Asmeskas. Tom qab tsiv, nws txiv tau hloov nws lub xeem los ntawm Goldberg mus rau Gehry, thiab Ephraim nws tus kheej hloov nws lub npe rau Frank Gehry tom qab 20 xyoo. Tus kws kes duab vajtse, raws li ib tug hluas, feem ntau ntsib kev tawm tsam Semitism thiab raug ntaus. Nov yog qhov kev txhawb siab rau kev hloov npe.

Kev kawm thiab kev ua haujlwm yav tom ntej

Nyob rau hauv nws lub xyoo thaum ntxov hauv AsmeskasNws nyuaj rau Frank txiav txim siab txog txoj haujlwm yav tom ntej. Nws tau kawm hauv Los Angeles City College thiab tau mus kawm ntau yam kev kawm nyob ntawd. Frank Gehry, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm muaj ntau qhov tseeb nthuav qhia, qhia koj kom maj nrawm rau kev ua tiav thiab ua tiav yam tsis tau nres ntawm ib yam dab tsi.

Tom qab mus kawm cov chav kawm architecture, Gehry pom tau tias cov no yog lub sijhawm tseem ceeb, tab sis nws ntshai tsam nws. yuav tsis muaj peev xwm paub nws tus kheej li neeg pleev kob. Tus kws kos duab niaj hnub uas muaj npe nrov Rafael Soriano tau pab nws ntxiv dag zog rau nws txoj kev ntseeg hauv nws tus kheej. Txhua tus kws qhia ntawv muaj kev khuv leej rau Frank thiab pom muaj peev xwm zoo hauv nws. Xyoo 1954, Gehry tau txais bachelor's degree los ntawm Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Architecture ntawm University of South Carolina (kev cob qhia tau txais nyiaj pab kawm ntawv). Tam sim ntawd tom qab ntawd, nws mus ua haujlwm rau Victor Gruen lub tuam txhab hauv Los Angeles thaum nws kawm txuas ntxiv.

tub rog thiab kev kawm txuas ntxiv

Kev cob qhia thiab kev ua haujlwm tau cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuam kev hauv Asmeskas tub rog. Nws siv sijhawm ib xyoos, tom qab ntawd Frank Gehry nkag mus hauv Harvard University los kawm txog kev npaj hauv nroog thiab kev npaj hauv nroog. Lub sijhawm ntawd, nyob rau lub sijhawm tom qab tsov rog, muaj ib lub tsev loj hauv Los Angeles, thiab tom qab ntawd cov haujlwm ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub Richard Neutra thiab Rudolf Schindler tau paub. Tom qab kawm tiav (hauv 1957), Gehry tau txais ib daim master's degree thiab tsiv rov qab mus rau Los Angeles. Nyob ntawd nws tau txais txoj haujlwm hauv lwm lub tuam txhab, Pereira thiab Lackman, tab sis tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv nws rov qab mus rau nws txoj haujlwm dhau los.

Tsev neeg thiab tsiv mus rau Fabkis

Hauv xyoo 1952, Frank Gehry tau khi nrog nws thawj tus poj niam, Anita Snyder. Nws yog nws uas tau hais kom Frank hloov nws lub xeem. Geri muaj ob tug ntxhais los ntawm kev sib yuav.

Tom qab 9 xyoo sib yuav, tsev neeg tsiv mus rau Fabkis, rau Paris. Nyob ntawd, tus kws kes duab vajtse ua haujlwm rau ib xyoos raws li tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv kev cob qhia ntawm Fab Kis tus kws kes duab vajtse Andre Remonde. Gehry qhov kev ua ub no yog cov tsev teev ntuj, uas nws nyiam heev. Hauv Fabkis, Gehry tau paub txog cov haujlwm ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub no xws li B althasar Neumann thiab Charles Le Corbusier.

Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau nruab nrab-60s, Frank tau sib nrauj nws thawj tus poj niam thiab xyoo 1976 pom nws tus poj niam tam sim no, Bertha Isabel Aguilera. Geri muaj ob tug tub los ntawm nws txoj kev sib yuav thib ob, Alejandro thiab Sami.

Rov Los Angeles

Tom qab ib xyoos nyob rau Fabkis, Frank, kev tshoov siab thiab kev txhawb siab, tawm mus nrhiav nws lub studio "Frank O. Gehry thiab Associates", nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 1962. Tom qab 15 xyoo, nws loj hlob mus rau hauv ib lub tuam txhab loj "Gehry & Krueger. Inc", thiab hauv 2002 - "Gehry Partners LLP".

Geri pib nws txoj haujlwm nrog cov haujlwm ntawm ntau lub khw thiab khw, tsim sab hauv. Thaum pib ntawm lub 70s tau cim los ntawm ib tug loj ntawm tej yaam num rau kev tsim kho vaj tse nyob, cov style ntawm uas tsis suav nrog ib txwm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev lig kev cai.

Lub sijhawm xyoo 1977 txog 1979, Frank Gehry tsim nws lub tsev nyob rau hauv Santa Monica, cov style uas hu ua "anti-architecture". Kev siv zog ntau tau nqis peev hauv lub tsev no, thiab cov khoom siv tau sivcov uas twb tau siv lawm: plywood, pieces ntawm laj kab thiab lwm yam. Lub tsev tau rov ua dua li qhov uas nws sab hauv tseem nyob tsis tau.

Tom qab ntawd, nws cov tswv yim pom tau hais tawm hauv cov tsev xws li De Mesnil Residence hauv New York, Davis House ua hauv Malibu, thiab Spiller Residence hauv Venice, California.

Txij xyoo 1979-1981, Gehry cov tswv yim loj tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub khw muag khoom hauv nroog Santa Monica. Tsis tas li ntawd xyoo 1979, San Pedro Aquarium Tsev khaws puav pheej tau tsim, nrog thaj tsam ntawm 2 txhiab square meters. Lwm qhov project tsev cia puav pheej yos rov qab rau xyoo 1981 yog California Aviation Museum.

Kub 80s hauv lub neej ntawm Frank Gehry

Nws tsim nyog sau cia tias xyoo uas muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv Gary lub neej yog cov yim caum. Nws cov haujlwm hauv tsev tau raug coj los siv thoob plaws ntiaj teb: Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Cov Rooj Tog Zaum thiab Sab Hauv (lub nroog Weil am Rhein, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees), muaj yim caum-zaj dab neeg skyscraper hauv New York (ntawm Madison Square Garden).

Nyob rau xyoo 1980s, Frank Gehry yeej qhov kev sib tw, qhov khoom plig tseem ceeb uas yog tus tsim lub tsev hu ua W alt Disney nws tus kheej hauv Music Center. Kev tsim kho thaum kawg tau ua tiav hauv xyoo 1993. Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog lub tsev nrog lub iav atrium saum toj no.

Lub sijhawm tib lub sijhawm, Gehry npaj tsim lub tsev noj mov Nyij Pooj, Fishance, uas nws nkag mus tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog cov duab puab loj ntawm tus ntses.

Zoo, 1989 yog xyoo tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, vim tias nws yog xyoo noGehry tau txais qhov khoom plig Pritzker, uas yog qhov khoom plig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsim vaj tsev. Lub tsev uas muab txoj hauv kev los yeej yog Tuam Tsev Todaiji hauv Nara, Nyiv (daim duab).

Frank Gehry txoj haujlwm txawv tshaj plaw thiab lees paub

Lub Tsev khaws puav pheej Frederick Weissmann hauv Minneapolis, Guggenheim Tsev khaws puav pheej (Bilbao), lub tsev seev cev hauv Prague - txhua tus tsim los ntawm Frank Gehry. Lub architecture ntawm tus tswv yog sau nrog deconstructivism. Txhua lub tsev yog cov duab geometric tsis ncaj ncees: qhov chaw tawg pleb, tawg yooj yim thaum xub thawj siab ib muag.

Gehry kuj muaj cov haujlwm xws li Seattle Music Tsev khaws puav pheej, Panamanian Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Biodiversity, cov ntaub ntawv chaw ntawm lub tuam txhab MIT loj, Louis Vuitton Center for the Arts (Paris), Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Kev Ua Siab ntev (Lub nroog Yeluxalees), Lub Chaw Kho Mob Cancer (Dundee), Cleveland Larry Ruvo Brain He alth Clinic.

Tsis yog txhua tus paub Gehry cov vaj tsev ua haujlwm raws li kev xav. Lub essence yog precisely nyob rau hauv cov refracting tswv yim. Ntau tus kws tsim vaj tsev xav txog cov tsev tsis ruaj khov thiab txaus ntshai heev rau hauv nroog infrastructure. Tab sis qhov tseeb, txhua txoj haujlwm tau xav zoo thiab yuav tsis raug coj los siv hauv lub neej tiag tiag, yog tias lawv muaj kev phom sij rau cov neeg coob coob.

Hnub no, Frank Gehry, uas nws ua haujlwm zoo siab nrog nws cov ntaub ntawv, yog tus kws kos duab nrog lub npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb. Nws yog tus tswv ntawm ntau dua 100 qhov khoom plig sib txawv hauv thaj chaw ntawm architecture, ntau cov ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau tau mob siab rau nws txoj haujlwm.