2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Tus kws kos duab nrog lub npe hu ua Bogdanov-Belsky los ntawm cov neeg hauv qab. Nws yuav zoo li tias ib puag ncig uas nws loj hlob tau raug khi rau nws thiab nqus nws, tab sis tsis yog. Tus kws kos duab tau txais kev kawm thiab koob meej. Nws biography yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm tsis tsuas yog ib qho kev zoo siab coincidence, tab sis kuj ua hauj lwm hnyav hnyav. Daim duab ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob deb nroog, nws cov tub kawm thiab cov kws qhia ntawv tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv nws txoj haujlwm.
Nikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky: biography
Nyob rau hnub frosty lub Kaum Ob Hlis 8, 1868, ib tug tub tsis raug cai tau yug los rau ib tug neeg ua liaj ua teb Smolensk. Txhua leej txhua tus paub yuav ua li cas lub zej zog kho cov me nyuam xws li, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv qab. Ib leej niam nrog tus menyuam "tawm ntawm txoj kev hlub tshua" tau los ntawm nws tus tij laug. Muaj ntau qhov kev nyuaj siab poob rau ntawm qhov me me Nikolai. Thaum yug los, nws tau txais lub xeem Bogdanov - muab los ntawm Vajtswv. "Belsky" tom qab tus kws kos duab ntxiv nws tus kheej, ua kev hwm ntawm lub nroog uas nws loj hlob.
Tus menyuam tub tau txais nws thawj ob xyoos ntawm kev kawm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob deb nroog hauv Shopotov. Ua tsaug rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm nws tus kws qhia ntawv-tus pov thawj, nws tau mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm xibfwb Rachinsky. Ntawm no, tib yam li Nikolai, yooj yimcov tub ua teb. Tus txiv neej no tau ua lub luag haujlwm txiav txim siab hauv lub neej ntawm tus kws kos duab. Bogdanov-Belsky nws tus kheej ib txwm hais tias nws tshuav txhua yam rau nws.
Pom tus tub lub peev xwm ntawm kev kos duab, Rachinsky tau pab nws nkag mus rau thawj lub tsev kawm kos duab ntawm Trinity-Sergius Lavra, thiab tom qab ntawd Moscow Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Painting, Sculpture thiab Architecture. Tus neeg saib xyuas tau pab tus tub hluas nyiaj txiag, txhua hli faib nyiaj rau kev saib xyuas. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv, Nikolai nkag mus rau hauv chav kawm ntawv toj roob hauv pes, qhov chaw uas nws ua hauj lwm zoo heev, feem ntau yog thawj ntawm cov phooj ywg. Cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj hmoo heev nrog cov kws qhia ntawv, lawv yog cov zoo nkauj Lavxias teb sab ntxias: Vasily Polenov, Vladimir Makovsky, Illarion Pryanishnikov. Nikolai xav txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab kawm tiav tau ntev, thiab Rachinsky tau qhia nws. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kws ua yeeb yam txaus siab ua haujlwm yog lub canvas "Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej".
Tom qab kawm tiav hauv Moscow lub tsev kawm ntawv, Bogdanov-Belsky txuas ntxiv nws txoj kev kawm ntawm St. Petersburg Academy of Arts hauv chav kawm ntawm Ilya Repin. Thaum kawg ntawm 1895, tus kawm tiav mus rau Tebchaws Europe: mus rau Paris, Munich, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Ltalis. Cov xim ntawm cov artist paintings yog enriched, nws masters ntawm painting cov tswv yim yog kho kom zoo.
Glory nyob rau hauv Russia mus rau Bogdanov-Belsky yog coj los ntawm cov paintings "Ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv" thiab "Mental Account". Kev txiav txim los nag los ntawm tus kws kos duab: duab, lub neej tseem ceeb, toj roob hauv pes. Nws pleev xim rau cov neeg nto moo tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm nws lub sijhawm. Nws pleev xim portraits ntawm Emperor Nicholas II, Grand Dukes, Fyodor Chaliapin. Tab sis nws cov qauv nyiam yog cov menyuam yaus ua liaj ua teb, muaj sia nyob, ua siab dawb thiabdirect.
Tus kws kos duab ua haujlwm tau txais los ntawm Tretyakov Gallery, nws koom nrog kev nthuav qhia ntawm lub koom haum ntawm Wanderers. Nws paintings mus ncig Russia, ces coj mus rau Paris thiab Rome. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 35 xyoos, Nikolai Petrovich Bogdanov-Belsky los ua ib tug kws qhia ntawv ntawm painting, thiab 10 xyoo tom qab - ib tug tswv cuab ntawm lub Academy of Arts.
Tom qab tsoomfwv lub siab xav los rau lub hwj chim, "sab laug" dhau los ua kev kos duab. Kev tsim txom ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam tiag tiag pib, cov duab kos duab zoo nkauj nrog rau thiab raug tshem tawm. Korovin, Polenov, Vasnetsov, Nesterov - tag nrho cov muaj kev nyuaj siab ntawm lub post-revolutionary lub sij hawm. Ntawm kev caw ntawm nws tus phooj ywg Bogdanov-Belsky tsiv mus rau Riga. Ntawm no tus kws kos duab teeb tsa ua haujlwm nrog kev rov ua kom muaj zog thiab koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam txawv teb chaws ntawm Lavxias kos duab. Nws paintings yog ib tug ua tau zoo thiab muag nyob rau hauv private collections. Txog rau tam sim no, ntau daim ntaub los ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky tau tawg mus thoob plaws Tebchaws Europe sab hnub poob.
Xyoo 1941, tus kws kos duab 73 xyoo tau ntsib qhov kev sib tw tshiab: kev ua tsov ua rog. Tab sis tsis muaj zog ntxiv rau kev sib ntaus, ntau dhau lawm thiab raug kev txom nyem. Tus kws kos duab ntog mob, muaj tswv yim rog tawm ntawm nws. Nikolai Petrovich tau ua haujlwm hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, tab sis nws tsis pab. Xyoo 1945, thaum lub foob pob tawg, tus kws kos duab tuag. Nws raug faus rau hauv lub toj ntxas Lavxias teb sab hauv Berlin. Cov duab ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky thiab tam sim no tseem nrov heev. Ib txhia ntawm lawv tuaj yeem pom hauv Tretyakov Gallery thiab Tsev khaws puav pheej Lavxias, ntau yam nyob hauv cov khoom ntiag tug.
"Lub Neej Yav Tom Ntej" (1889)
Nyob ntawm lub tswv yimDaim duab no ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky tau tshoov siab los ntawm nws tus phooj ywg thiab tus saib xyuas Rachinsky. Nws tau sau xyoo 1889.
Nyob hauv chav tsev pheeb suab ob tug neeg zaum: ib tug neeg laus taug kev-tus txiv plig thiab ib tug tub ua npau suav. Vaj Qhia qhia ib yam rau nws, thiab tus tub hluas mloog. Ua ntej nws ob lub qhov muag yog cov duab ntawm ib tug pious kaj siab lug yav tom ntej. Nws mloog tus neeg taug kev, tab sis nws txoj kev xav tsis nyob hauv chav, tab sis qhov chaw nyob tsis paub deb. Muaj ib hnub nws tseem yuav mus nrog ib lub hnab ntim tom qab nws lub nraub qaum los qhuas Vajtswv lub npe.
Daim duab tau pleev xim rau qhov kev xeem zaum kawg ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv. Nrog kev ntxhov siab loj, tus kws kos duab xav tau nws qhov txiaj ntsig: tom qab tag nrho, nws tau kawm hauv chav kawm toj roob hauv pes, thiab daim ntaub nthuav tawm ib hom ntawv. Txawm tias muaj kev ntshai, daim duab tau ua tiav thiab tau yuav los ntawm ib tus neeg sau khoom loj, thiab tom qab ntawd tau mus rau hauv imperial palace.
"Virtuoso" (1891)
Nov yog ib qho ntawm thawj daim duab nrog cov menyuam yaus, uas tau pleev xim los ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky. Lub virtuoso, nws hloov tawm, yog ib tug yooj yim me nyuam tub. Yooj yim, tab sis tsis tiag. Nws ua si lub balalaika sib sau ua ke ntawm ib lub voj voog ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Muaj ob tug me nyuam, ib tug ntxhais thiab ib tug tub hlob. Lawv txhua tus mloog suab paj nruag, zoo li ntawm kev hais kwv txhiaj ntawm ib tus kws tshaj lij, lawv ntes txhua lub suab. Tus virtuoso nws tus kheej yog tsom rau nws qhov kev ua si. Cov kws kos duab tau muab tso rau hauv qhov chaw zoo nkauj hauv hav zoov birch. Cov toj roob hauv pes, zoo siab rau txhua lub siab, sib haum xeeb ua ib pawg menyuam yaus thiab, zoo li, ua raws li kev ua si ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas txawj ntse.
"Mental Account" (1896)
In 1896 Bogdanov-Belsky pleev xim rau daim duab no. Essay rau nws tam sim noTxij thaum ntawd los, lawv feem ntau hais kom sau ntawv rau cov menyuam hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Nyob rau hauv lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug kws qhia ntawv, tus artist piav txog nws tus kheej cob qhia Rachinsky. chav kawm nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob deb nroog. Muaj kev suav qhov ncauj. Daim duab tau ntim nrog kev nruj, kev ua haujlwm nyuaj yog xav tau hauv txhua yam. Qhov chaw tseem ceeb yog nyob ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm dub nrog rau kev ua lej. Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj hnub nyoog sib txawv tuaj nyob ib ncig ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm. Qhov piv txwv tsis yooj yim, tab sis sim suav nws hauv koj lub siab! Txhua lub ntsej muag qhia txog kev ua haujlwm hnyav ntawm kev xav. Nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej, ib tug me nyuam tub rub nws lub puab tsaig xav. Nws yog luv-haired, tsis zoo nkauj plaub hau bristling nyob rau hauv ib tug neeg coob txiav. Piv rau lwm tus hais mav, nws hnav khaub ncaws tsis zoo: lub tsho qias neeg nrog lub luj tshib tattered yog girded nrog ib tug drawstring, rough ris tsho tau pom zoo hnub. Nws lub ntsej muag nruj: ntawm no yog, cov lus teb twb kaw lawm, tam sim no nws yuav tawg ntawm tus nplaig!
Peb tsis paub tias tag nrho cov tub hluas no yuav yog leej twg yav tom ntej. Tej zaum lawv yuav ua lawv yawm txiv tej hauj lwm txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv thiab nyob mus ua teb av hauv zos. Tej zaum lawv yuav tawm mus rau lub nroog thiab "tawm mus rau hauv cov neeg", thiab ib tug neeg yuav txawm los ua ib tug xib fwb nws tus kheej. Ib yam yog qhov tseeb: tsis muaj leej twg yuav hloov mus ua tus kab mob cab thiab loafer, txhua tus yuav zoo.
Hauv xyoo 1897, Pavel Tretyakov tau yuav Lub Qhov ncauj Tus Kheej rau nws qhov chaw. Painting tseem nrov, ntau nres rau pem hauv ntej kom saib ze.
"Nyob ntawm Tsev Kawm Qhov Rooj" (1897)
Ntau cov duab los ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky qhia txog cov menyuam yaus nyob deb nroog yog cov ntawv sau cia. "Ntawm lub qhov rooj ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv" - ib yam li ntawd. Nyob rau hauv daim duab peb pom ib chav huv huv huv ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv nyob deb nroog. Slate board nrog cov kab sib npaugkab, zoo kab ntawm lub rooj, rau siab ntso hneev taub hau hla phau ntawv. Thiab tus thwj tim tshiab saib tag nrho cov kev tshav ntuj no. Tus tub hnav khaub ncaws tsis zoo. Lub tsho, sewn los ntawm rags, zoo li tawg rau ntawm nws, qhov loj qhov khoob hauv nws lub ris, khau bast yog shabby thiab qias neeg. Nws sawv nrog nws sab nraub qaum rau tus saib thiab saib tawm tom qab lub qhov rooj furtively ntawm tag nrho cov splendor no, tsis daring mus. Tej zaum, tus tswv yug yaj hluas Nikolai ib zaug tau sawv ntawm ib yam, tsis txhob hla qhov chaw pib ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm nws cov txiaj ntsig Rachinsky.
Vim neeg
Ob tug me nyuam tub thiab ib tug ntxhais nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev manor. Tej zaum nws yog cov phooj ywg hluas ntawm tus kws kos duab nws tus kheej uas tuaj ua rau nws. Cov me nyuam nyias nyias muaj plaub hau luv thiab hnav khaub ncaws ua kev lom zem. Tus ntxhais hnav ris tsho liab ci nrog polka dots, tus tub hluas hnav lub tsho nrog cov qauv elegant. Cov khaub ncaws muaj yeeb yuj echoes cov duab zoo nkauj hauv qab ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Lawv zaum ntawm qhov khoom kim heev, los ntawm lawv cov qauv, lub rooj zaum yooj yim nrog cov tes tuav thiab solemnly haus tshuaj yej los ntawm saucers. Ntawm lub rooj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm lawv yog ib khob thiab ib khob, bagels thiab lumps ntawm qab zib. Mus saib lub tsev manor tsis yog ib qho kev tshwm sim yooj yim. Kev paub txog kev ua siab ntev ntawm lub sijhawm yog nyeem nyob rau ntawm lub ntsej muag ntawm cov menyuam yaus, cov duab nruj ua rau muaj kev xav.
Cov duab ntawm Bogdanov-Belsky ib txwm nyiam nrog lawv lub siab dawb paug thiab kev ua siab ntev. Nws yog kev tu siab uas ntau tus kws kos duab cov cuab yeej cuab tam tau ploj mus rau peb: nws tau nyob txawv teb chaws thiab tau mus rau kev sau ntiag tug.
Pom zoo:
Paintings ntawm socialist realism: nta ntawm painting, artists, npe ntawm paintings thiab ib tug gallery ntawm qhov zoo tshaj plaws
Lo lus "social realism" tshwm sim hauv 1934 ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm cov kws sau ntawv tom qab daim ntawv tshaj tawm los ntawm M. Gorky. Thaum xub thawj, lub tswvyim tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv charter ntawm Soviet sau ntawv. Nws yog vague thiab indistinct, piav qhia txog lub tswv yim kev kawm raws li tus ntsuj plig ntawm socialism, tau piav qhia txog cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev nthuav tawm lub neej nyob rau hauv txoj kev hloov pauv. Thaum xub thawj, lo lus tsuas yog siv rau cov ntawv nyeem, tab sis tom qab ntawd kis mus rau tag nrho cov kab lis kev cai hauv kev nthuav dav thiab kev kos duab tshwj xeeb
Nto moo tshaj plaws painting los ntawm Alexei Gavrilovich Venetsianov: lub npe, piav qhia. Paintings los ntawm Venetsianov
A. G. Venetsianov (1780 - 1847) - ib tug artist ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv Lavxias teb sab, uas kawm nrog V.L. Borovikovsky thiab tau txais lub npe ntawm kev kawm, thaum nyob rau hauv 1811 nws ua tiav qhov kev sib tw - "Portrait ntawm K.I. Golovachevsky "
Paintings los ntawm Alexander Shilov nrog lub npe, piav qhia ntawm paintings
Yog tias koj xav qhuas cov duab ntawm cov neeg nto moo thiab zoo tib yam, ua tib zoo saib cov duab ntawm Alexander Shilov. Tsim lwm txoj hauj lwm, nws qhia nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, tus cwj pwm, lub siab xav ntawm ib tug neeg
Cov cim ntawm "Dunno" zoo li cas? Cov duab ntawm tus phab ej los ntawm cov ntawv tshiab los ntawm N. Nosov thiab cov duab kos ntawm tib lub npe
Tus kws sau ntawv Nikolai Nosov tuaj nrog zaj dab neeg txog Dunno rov qab rau xyoo 50s. xyoo pua 20th Txij thaum ntawd los, phau ntawv hais txog kev lom zem luv luv los ntawm Paj Lub Nroog tau dhau los ua lub rooj rau ntau tiam neeg ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Animated films raws li Nosov trilogy tau tso tawm tsis tau tsuas yog nyob rau hauv lub Soviet lub sij hawm, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm lub tshiab Lavxias teb sab xinesmas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cim ntawm zaj dab neeg tsis hloov. Lawv yog leej twg, cov cim ntawm tas luav "Dunno"? Thiab lawv sib txawv li cas?
Paul Gauguin, paintings: piav qhia, keeb kwm ntawm creation. Zoo kawg paintings los ntawm Gauguin
Paul Gauguin, tus kws kos duab Fab Kis zoo tshaj plaws, yug rau lub Rau Hli 7, 1848. Nws yog tus sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm post-impressionism nyob rau hauv kos duab ntawm painting. Nws raug suav hais tias yog tus tswv tsis muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm qhov hu ua "Island" style ntawm kos duab kos duab
