Conceptualism yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib tug synthesis ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism

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Conceptualism yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib tug synthesis ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism
Conceptualism yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib tug synthesis ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism

Video: Conceptualism yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib tug synthesis ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism

Video: Conceptualism yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib tug synthesis ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism
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Koj puas paub qhov kev xav yog dab tsi? Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm scholastic philosophy. Raws li cov lus qhuab qhia no, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev paub los ntawm kev paub, tab sis tsis yog los ntawm qhov kev paub tau txais. Conceptualism tseem tuaj yeem xav tias yog kev sib txuas ntawm rationalism nrog empiricism. Lo lus no los ntawm Latin lo lus conceptus, uas txhais tau tias kev xav, lub tswv yim. Txawm hais tias nws yog ib txoj kev xav, nws kuj yog ib qho kev coj noj coj ua uas tshwm sim hauv lub xyoo pua 20th.

Tus neeg sawv cev ntawm kev xav

Pierre Abelard, ob Johns - Duns Scotus thiab Salisbury, John Duns, John Locke - tag nrho cov kws tshawb fawb no koom nrog kev xav. Cov no yog cov philosophers uas ntseeg hais tias cov tswv yim ib txwm tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm nrhiav tau ntawm ib tug neeg. Qhov ntawd yog, txog thaum peb ntsib qhov tshwm sim no lossis qhov tshwm sim ntawd, peb yuav tsis nkag siab lub ntsiab lus ntawm qhov teeb meem no lossis qhov teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb. Piv txwv li, txog thaum peb ntsib kev tsis ncaj ncees, pebPeb tsis nkag siab qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ncaj ncees. Los ntawm txoj kev, qhov kev xav no tau dhau los ua thoob plaws hauv ib puag ncig muaj tswv yim - kev xav hauv kev kos duab, tshwj xeeb hauv kev pleev xim. Nws cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov kws ua yeeb yam yog Joseph Kossuth, thiab ntawm cov kws ntaus nkauj, Henry Flint.

Kev Tsim Nyog

Joseph Kossuth piav qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev xav no hauv kev rov xav txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua yeeb yam thiab kab lis kev cai feem ntau. Nws tau hais tias kev kos duab yog lub zog ntawm lub tswv yim, tab sis tsis yog los ntawm cov khoom siv. Nws muaj ib tug txiv neej thiab peb lub rooj zaum, uas nws ua tiav nyob rau hauv 1965, tau los ua ib tug classic piv txwv ntawm conceptualism. Conceptualism nyob rau hauv painting tsis yog hais txog kev xav ntawm sab ntsuj plig thiab kev xav ntawm dab tsi yog depicted, tab sis rau kev nkag siab ntawm qhov pom los ntawm kev txawj ntse. Nyob rau hauv lub tswv yim kev kos duab, lub tswv yim ntawm ib tug ua hauj lwm ntawm kos duab, txawm nws yog ib tug painting los yog ib tug phau ntawv, los yog ib daim ntawm cov suab paj nruag, yog tseem ceeb tshaj nws lub cev qhia. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kos duab yog precisely qhia kev xav, tswv yim. Los ntawm txoj kev, cov khoom siv tswv yim tuaj yeem ua ntau hom kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub, xws li cov duab, yees duab lossis cov ntaub ntawv suab, thiab lwm yam.

conceptualism yog
conceptualism yog

Kev xav hauv kev kos duab

Raws li twb tau sau tseg, ib qho ntawm cov neeg sawv cev tshaj plaws ntawm cov qauv no yog tus kws kos duab Marcel Duchamp (Fabkis). Nws tau npaj "hauv av" rau cov tswv yim rau lub sijhawm ntev, tsim cov khoom npaj txhij. Cov nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv yog "Fav" - tso zis tsim los ntawm tus kws kos duab hauv xyoo 1917. Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tau nthuav tawm ntawm ib qho kev nthuav qhia raucov neeg ua yeeb yam ywj pheej hauv New York. Duchamp xav qhia dab tsi nrog nws txoj haujlwm? Lub tso zis yog ib yam khoom siv rau kev huv. Yog hais tias nws yog tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub Hoobkas, ib txwm nws tsis tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog ib qho kev kos duab. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias tus tsim, tus kws kos duab tau koom nrog hauv nws qhov tsim, ces lub tso zis tso tseg tsis yog ib qho khoom siv hauv tsev, vim nws yog qhov tshwj xeeb, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj, thiab kev xav tau siv los tsim nws. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, conceptualism yog kev kov yeej ntawm cov tswv yim ntawm kev xav. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau qhov no lossis qhov haujlwm muaj txiaj ntsig.

conceptualism nyob rau hauv painting
conceptualism nyob rau hauv painting

Russian Conceptualism

Qhov kev xav thiab kev ua yeeb yam no kuj tshwm sim hauv Russia, tshwj xeeb hauv Moscow. Nws pib nyob rau hauv lub unofficial art ntawm lub Soviet Union nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 70s ntawm lub xeem caug xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lo lus Moscow Conceptualism tau tshwm sim me ntsis tom qab, xyoo 1979, nrog lub teeb tes ntawm Boris Groys, uas tau luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm hu ua "Romantic Moscow Conceptualism" hauv phau ntawv journal Ot A Do Ya. Nws muaj ob ceg: sau ntawv-centric thiab analytical.

conceptualism nyob rau hauv kos duab
conceptualism nyob rau hauv kos duab

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Ua Yeeb Yam

thawj txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov lus qhia no, nthuav tawm xyoo 1953, yog Robert Rauschenberg's Erased Drawing of Qing. Txais nws, lub npe txawv txawv rau cov qauv kos duab. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov lus nug tshwm sim: leej twg yog tus sau txoj haujlwm no - Rauschenberg lossis Quing? Qhov tshaj plaws yog tias qee lub sijhawm tom qab tsim cov duab kos, Willem deKooning's Robert Milton Ernest Rauschenberg tau tshem nws thiab nthuav tawm rau nws txoj haujlwm. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws txoj kev ua tau raug txiav txim siab los ntawm kev xav tawm tsam lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Nws yog tus txhawb nqa ntawm kev npaj ua tiav - lub tswv yim sib txawv hauv kev pleev xim, raws li nws tsis muaj teeb meem rau leej twg yog tus sau thawj, qhov tseem ceeb yog qhov kawg tshwm sim, uas yog, lub tswv yim uas tau nqis peev hauv kev tsim ua haujlwm. Cov piv txwv pom tseeb tshaj plaws ntawm kev npaj ua tiav yog collages sib dhos los ntawm cov khoom sib txawv. Lwm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov qauv no, Yves Klein, tau los ua tus sau ntawm Aerostatic Sculpture ntawm Paris. Ua li no, nws xav tau 1001 balloons thiab muab tso rau saum ntuj saum Paris. Qhov no tau ua tiav los tshaj tawm qhov kev nthuav qhia saum toj no Le Waid.

Moscow conceptualism
Moscow conceptualism

Zoo kawg

Yog li, tus tsim ntawm cov qauv no yog Marcel Duchamp. Nws yog nws tus uas tau thov lub ntsiab txhais tias hauv kev kos duab nws tsis yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tab sis lub tswv yim. Qhov kawg tshwm sim, nws zoo nkauj, tsis tseem ceeb, tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yog tus sau thiab dab tsi yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws lub tswv yim. Nyob rau hauv ib lo lus, conceptualism yog xws li ib tug qauv nyob rau hauv painting, ntaub ntawv, suab paj nruag, kos duab nyob rau hauv feem ntau, nyob rau hauv uas tej hauj lwm yog los ntawm thiab loj incomprehensible rau tus saib, nyeem, mloog, los yog lawv perceived los ntawm txhua leej txhua tus nyob rau hauv ib tug tshwj xeeb txoj kev.

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