Great classical composers: a list of best. Lavxias teb sab classical composers

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Classical composers tau paub thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Txhua lub npe ntawm lub suab paj nruag ntse yog ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb hauv keeb kwm ntawm kab lis kev cai.

Dab tsi yog classical music

Classical suab paj nruag - enchanting melodies tsim los ntawm cov kws txawj sau ntawv, uas yog hu ua classical composers. Lawv tej hauj lwm yog tshwj xeeb thiab yuav ib txwm xav tau los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam thiab mloog. Classical, ntawm ib sab, feem ntau yog hu ua nruj, suab paj nruag uas tsis muaj feem xyuam rau cov lus qhia: pob zeb, jazz, pej xeem, pop, chanson, thiab lwm yam. Ntawm qhov tod tes, nyob rau hauv keeb kwm kev loj hlob ntawm suab paj nruag muaj ib lub sij hawm ntawm. lig XIII - thaum ntxov XX caug xyoo, hu ua classicism.

Classic cov ntsiab lus yog qhov txawv ntawm sublime intonation, sophistication, ntau yam ntxoov ntxoo thiab sib haum xeeb. Lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau lub ntiaj teb kev xav ntawm cov neeg laus thiab menyuam yaus.

theem hauv kev txhim kho cov suab paj nruag classic. Lawv piav qhia luv luv thiab cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb

Nyob hauv keeb kwm ntawm kev txhim kho cov suab paj nruag classic, theem tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv:

• Renaissance lossis Renaissance - thaum ntxov 14th - lub quarter kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th. Hauv Spain thiab AskivKev txhawb siab tau kav mus txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th.
• Baroque - los hloov lub Renaissance thiab kav mus txog thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Spain yog qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm style.
• Classicism - lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm European kab lis kev cai txij thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th mus rau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.
• Romanticism yog qhov ntxeev ntawm classicism. Nws kav mus txog rau nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.
• 20th century classic - modern era.

piav qhia luv luv thiab cov neeg sawv cev tseem ceeb ntawm lub sijhawm kab lis kev cai

1. Lub Renaissance yog lub sijhawm ntev ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm kab lis kev cai. Renaissance composers - Thomass Tallis, Giovanni da Palestina, T. L. de Victoria tau tsim thiab tso cov kev tsim tsis txawj tuag rau cov xeeb ntxwv.

2. Baroque - nyob rau lub sijhawm no, cov ntaub ntawv suab paj nruag tshiab tshwm sim: polyphony, opera. Nws yog lub sijhawm no uas cov kws sau nkauj zoo nkauj Bach, Handel, Vivaldi tsim lawv cov kev tsim nto moo. Bach's fugues yog ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm classicism: obligatory ua raws li canons.

3. Classicism. Viennese classical composers uas tsim lawv cov kev tsis txawj tuag nyob rau hauv lub era ntawm classicism: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven. Sonata daim ntawv tshwm, muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm lub orchestra nce. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Mozart thiab Haydn sib txawv los ntawm kev xav txog tej hauj lwm ntawm Bach los ntawm lawv cov uncomplicated tsim thiab elegance ntawm lawv cov suab paj nruag. Nws tseem yog ib qho classic, striving rau perfection. Beethoven's compositions yog verge ntawm kev sib cuag ntawm romantic thiab classical styles. Nyob rau hauv lub suab paj nruag ntawm L. van Beethoven, muaj ntau sensuality thiab ardor tshaj rational canonicity. Tej yam tseem ceeb xws li symphony, sonata, suite, opera sawv tawm. Beethoven muabpib ntawm lub sijhawm Romantic.

4. Romanticism. Cov yeeb yaj kiab ua yeeb yam yog xim thiab ua yeeb yam. Ntau hom nkauj yog tsim, piv txwv li, ballads. Piano sau los ntawm Liszt thiab Chopin tau txais kev lees paub. Cov kab lig kev cai ntawm romanticism tau txais los ntawm Tchaikovsky, Wagner, Schubert.

5. Classics ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th - tus cwj pwm los ntawm lub siab xav ntawm cov kws sau ntawv los innovate hauv suab paj nruag, cov ntsiab lus aleatoric, atonalism tshwm sim. Cov hauj lwm ntawm Stravinsky, Rachmaninov, iav raug xa mus rau hom classical.

Russian classical composers

Tchaikovsky P. I. - Lavxias teb sab composer, suab paj nruag critic, pej xeem daim duab, xib fwb, neeg xyuas pib. Nws compositions yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Lawv muaj siab dawb paug, yooj yim perceived, xav txog lub poetic originality ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntsuj plig, picturesque duab ntawm Lavxias teb sab xwm. Tus composer tsim 6 ballets, 10 operas, ntau tshaj li ib puas romances, 6 symphonies. Lub ntiaj teb nto moo ballet "Swan Lake", lub opera "Eugene Onegin", "Children's Album".

Rakhmaninov S. V. - Cov hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws yog kev xav thiab zoo siab, thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv yog cov ntsiab lus zoo heev. Lawv hom muaj ntau haiv neeg: los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam me mus rau concerts thiab operas. Cov feem ntau lees paub tej hauj lwm ntawm tus sau: lub operas "Lub Miserly Knight", "Aleko" raws li Pushkin paj huam "Gypsies", "Francesca da Rimini" raws li ib tug zajlus borrowed los ntawm Dante's "Divine Comedy", paj huam "Lub Tswb"; suite "Symphonic seev cev"; piano concertos; suab piano nrog suab.

Borodin A. P. yog ib tug kws sau ntawv, kws qhia ntawv, kws tshuaj, kws kho mob. Feem ntauib qho tseem ceeb creation yog lub opera "Prince Igor" raws li keeb kwm ua hauj lwm "Lub Tale ntawm Igor lub phiaj los nqis tes", uas yog sau los ntawm tus sau rau yuav luag 18 xyoo. Thaum nws lub neej, Borodin tsis muaj sijhawm los ua kom tiav; tom qab nws tuag, A. Glazunov thiab N. Rimsky-Korsakov ua tiav qhov kev ua yeeb yam. Tus kws sau ntawv zoo yog tus tsim ntawm classical quartets thiab symphonies nyob rau hauv Russia. "Bogatyr" symphony yog suav hais tias yog lub crowning ua tiav ntawm lub ntiaj teb no thiab Lavxias teb sab lub teb chaws-heroic symphony. Cov cuab yeej chamber quartets, Thawj thiab Ob Quartets tau lees paub tias zoo heev. Ib qho ntawm thawj tus ua kom paub txog cov neeg ua yeeb yam los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Lavxias thaum ub rau hauv kev sib hlub.

Zoo nkauj heev

Mussorgsky MP, leej twg tuaj yeem hais tau tias yog tus kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws, tus tsim tawm tshiab, kov cov teeb meem kev sib raug zoo, tus ntaus piano zoo thiab tus hu nkauj zoo. Cov suab paj nruag tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog operas "Boris Godunov" raws li kev ua yeeb yam ntawm A. S. Pushkin thiab "Khovanshchina" - ib tug pej xeem-suab paj nruas ua yeeb yam, lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm cov operas yog cov neeg ntxeev siab los ntawm ntau haiv neeg strata; Cov duab ntawm Exhibition muaj tswv yim series tshwm sim los ntawm Hartmann.

Glinka M. I. - ib tug naas ej Lavxias teb sab composer, tus tsim ntawm classical kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab suab paj nruag kab lis kev cai. Nws ua tiav cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Lavxias teb sab composers, raws li tus nqi ntawm pej xeem thiab kev suab paj nruag. Cov hauj lwm ntawm tus tswv yog imbued nrog kev hlub rau lub Fatherland, qhia txog lub ntiaj teb no kev taw qhia ntawm cov neeg ntawm lub keeb kwm era. Ntiaj teb nto moo pej xeem ua yeeb yam "Ivan Susanin" thiab fairy taleas operaRuslan thiab Lyudmila tau dhau los ua cov qauv tshiab hauv Lavxias opera. Lub symphonic ua hauj lwm "Kamarinskaya" thiab "Spanish Overture" los ntawm Glinka yog lub hauv paus ntawm Lavxias teb sab symphonism.

Rimsky-Korsakov N. A. - ib tug txawj sau ntawv Lavxias teb sab, naval tub ceev xwm, xib fwb, publicist. Ob qhov dej ntws tuaj yeem taug qab hauv nws txoj haujlwm: keeb kwm ("Tus Vaj Ntxwv Tsar", "Pskovityanka") thiab zoo heev ("Sadko", "Snow Maiden", suite "Scheherazade"). Ib tug txawv feature ntawm lub composer tej hauj lwm: originality raws li classical qhov tseem ceeb, homophony nyob rau hauv lub harmonic tsim ntawm thaum ntxov compositions. Nws cov ntsiab lus muaj tus sau tus qauv: thawj qhov kev daws teeb meem nrog lub suab nrov nrov, uas yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb.

Russian classical composers tau sim ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv lawv cov haujlwm ntawm kev paub txog kev xav thiab lus dab neeg tus yam ntxwv ntawm lub tebchaws.

kab lis kev cai Europe

Ntaus classical composers Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven nyob rau hauv lub peev ntawm suab paj nruas kab lis kev cai ntawm lub sij hawm - Vienna. Cov geniuses muab cov kev ua tau zoo, cov kev daws teeb meem zoo heev, kev siv cov suab paj nruag sib txawv: los ntawm pej xeem suab paj nruag mus rau polyphonic kev loj hlob ntawm cov suab paj nruag. Cov classics zoo heev yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev muaj tswv yim zoo ntawm kev xav, kev muaj peev xwm, kev pom tseeb hauv kev tsim cov suab paj nruag. Nyob rau hauv lawv tej hauj lwm, kev txawj ntse thiab kev xav, tragic thiab comic Cheebtsam, yooj yim thiab prudence yog organically txuas ua ke.

Beethoven thiab Haydn gravitated rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam, Mozart tau tswj hwm ob qho tib si operatic thiab orchestral compositions. Beethoven yog tus tsim tsis tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, Haydn txaus siab thiab ua tiav siv kev lom zem, hom pej xeem hauv nws txoj haujlwm, Mozart yog tus kws sau nkauj thoob ntiaj teb.

Mozart yog tus tsim ntawm sonata instrumental daim ntawv. Beethoven ua tiav nws, coj nws mus rau qhov siab uas tsis muaj qhov siab. Lub sijhawm ntawm Viennese classics tau dhau los ua lub sijhawm ntawm quartet heyday. Haydn, ua raws los ntawm Beethoven thiab Mozart, ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho hom ntawv no.

Italian masters

Giuseppe Verdi - tus kws ntaus nkauj zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, tsim cov tsoos Italian opera. Nws muaj craftsmanship impeccable. Cov hauj lwm operatic Il trovatore, La Traviata, Othello, Aida tau los ua qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws cov kev ua yeeb yam.

Niccolò Paganini - yug hauv Nice, yog ib lub suab paj nruag zoo tshaj plaws ntawm 18th thiab 19th centuries. Nws yog ib tug virtuoso ntawm lub violin. Nws tsim caprices, sonatas, quartets rau violin, guitar, viola thiab cello. Sau concertos rau violin thiab orchestra.

Gioacchino Rossini - ua haujlwm nyob rau xyoo 19th. Tus sau ntawm dawb ceev thiab chamber suab paj nruag, tsim 39 operas. Cov hauj lwm zoo - "Tus Barber ntawm Seville", "Othello", "Cinderella", "Tus Thieving Magpie", "Semiramide".

Antonio Vivaldi yog ib tus neeg sawv cev zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab ntawm xyoo pua 18th. Tau koob meej rau nwsinstrumental concerts. Cov hauj lwm nto moo tshaj plaws yog 4 violin concertos "Lub Caij". Nws tau ua lub neej muaj tswv yim zoo kawg nkaus, tsim 90 operas.

Ntaus Italian classical composers tau tso tseg ib txoj hauv kev mus ib txhis. Lawv cantatas, sonatas, serenades, symphonies, operas yuav txaus siab rau ntau tshaj ib tiam.

Peculiarities of perception of suab paj nruag los ntawm ib tug me nyuam

Mloog suab paj nruag zoo muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev loj hlob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws ntawm tus menyuam, raws li menyuam yaus kev puas siab puas ntsws. Cov suab paj nruag zoo qhia koj txog kev kos duab thiab tsim kom zoo nkauj, raws li cov kws qhia ntawv hais.

Ntau qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws tau tsim los ntawm cov kws sau nkauj classic rau cov menyuam yaus, suav nrog lawv lub siab xav, kev nkag siab thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm hnub nyoog, piv txwv li rau kev mloog, thaum lwm tus tsim ntau yam rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam me me, yooj yim pom los ntawm pob ntseg thiab technically. nkag tau rau lawv.

"Children's Album" by Tchaikovsky P. I. rau me pianists. Cov nkauj no yog kev mob siab rau nws tus tub xeeb ntxwv VL Davydov, uas nyiam suab paj nruag thiab yog ib tug me nyuam muaj txiaj ntsim heev. Cov khoom sau muaj ntau tshaj 20 daim, qee qhov ntawm lawv raws li cov khoom siv pej xeem: Neapolitan motifs, Lavxias teb sab seev cev, Tyrolean thiab Fabkis suab paj nruag. Collection "Children's Songs" los ntawm Tchaikovsky P. I. tsim los rau auditory xaav ntawm ib tug me nyuam cov neeg tuaj saib. Zaj nkauj ntawm lub siab xav txog lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav, noog, lub paj paj (“Kuv lub vaj”), hais txog kev khuv leej rau Tswv Yexus thiab Vajtswv (“Yexus muaj lub vaj zoo li menyuam yaus”).

Children's classics

Ntau tus kws sau nkauj ua haujlwm ua haujlwm rau menyuam yaus, cov npe ntawm cov haujlwm uas muaj ntau yam.

Prokofiev S. S. "Peter thiab Hma" yog ib zaj dab neeg symphonic rau menyuam yaus. Ua tsaug rau zaj dab neeg no, cov menyuam yaus tau paub txog cov cuab yeej suab paj nruag ntawm symphony orchestra. Cov ntawv nyeem ntawm zaj dab neeg tau sau los ntawm Prokofiev nws tus kheej.

Schumann R. "Children's scenes" yog cov dab neeg luv luv nrog cov phiaj xwm yooj yim, sau rau cov neeg laus ua yeeb yam, nco txog thaum yau.

Debussy Piano Cycle "Children's Corner".

Ravel M. "Niam Goose" raws li zaj dab neeg ntawm Charles Perrault.

Bartok B. "Thawj Kauj ruam ntawm Piano".

Cycles rau me nyuam Gavrilova S. "Rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws"; "Heroes ntawm fairy tales"; "Rau cov txiv neej txog tsiaj."

Shostakovich D. "Album of Piano Pieces for Children".

Bach J. S. Phau ntawv rau Anna Magdalena Bach. Thaum nws qhia suab paj nruag rau nws cov menyuam, nws tau tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb thiab kev tawm dag zog rau lawv los tsim kev txawj ntse.

Haydn J. - tus progenitor ntawm classical symphony. Tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb symphony hu ua "Children's". Cov cuab yeej siv: av nplaum nightingale, rattle, cuckoo - muab lub suab txawv txawv, menyuam yaus thiab perky.

Saint-Saens C. tuaj nrog fantasy rau orchestra thiab 2 pianos hu ua "Carnival of the Animals", uas nws masterfully qhia cov clucking ntawm qaib, lub suab ntawm ib tug tsov ntxhuav, kev txaus siab ntawm ib tug ntxhw thiab Nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev txav, ib tug touchingly graceful swan los ntawm suab paj nruas txhais tau tias.

Kev sau cov nkauj rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas, cov kws sau nkauj zoo nkauj tau saib xyuas cov dab neeg nthuav dav ntawm kev ua haujlwm, muaj cov khoom siv, suav nrog hnub nyoog ntawm tus neeg ua yeeb yam lossis mloog.