Matvey Blanter: tus sau ntawm "Katyusha" thiab ntau lub suab nrov hauv Soviet

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Matvey Blanter: tus sau ntawm "Katyusha" thiab ntau lub suab nrov hauv Soviet
Matvey Blanter: tus sau ntawm "Katyusha" thiab ntau lub suab nrov hauv Soviet

Video: Matvey Blanter: tus sau ntawm "Katyusha" thiab ntau lub suab nrov hauv Soviet

Video: Matvey Blanter: tus sau ntawm
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Yog tus kws sau nkauj tsuas yog ib zaj nkauj nrov hauv ntiaj teb "Katyusha", ces nws yuav nyob hauv keeb kwm mus ib txhis. Txawm li cas los xij, Matvey Blanter yog tus sau yuav luag 200 zaj nkauj. Tau kawg, lawv tsis yog txhua tus ua neeg nyiam, zoo li nws txoj haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws. Tab sis ntawm lawv muaj ntau yam zoo nkauj compositions - cov cim ntawm lub Soviet era. Thiab nws cov suab nkauj "Football March" tau qhib kev sib tw ncaws pob hauv ntau lub tebchaws ntawm qhov chaw tom qab-Soviet tau ntev.

Matvey Blanter yug Lub Ib Hlis 28, 1903 hauv lub nroog me me ntawm Pochep, Bryansk cheeb tsam. Muaj plaub tug menyuam hauv ib tsev neeg Yudais loj. Leej Txiv, Isaac Borisovich Blanter, yog ib tug tub lag luam uas muaj npe nrov hauv lub nroog. Nws muaj lub chaw tsim khoom chip thiab warehouses ntawm Unecha railway chaw nres tsheb, los ntawm qhov chaw uas nws pauv hauv kerosene thiab nplej. Niam, Tatyana Evgenievna Vovsi, ua ib tug actress, ib tug txheeb ze ntawm tus naas ej actor thiab tus thawj coj S. M. Mikhoels. Lwm tus txheeb ze uas paub zoo ntawm nws yog M. S. Vovsi, kws tshaj lij, kws kho mob sciences.

Lub Tsev Blunters hauv Pochep
Lub Tsev Blunters hauv Pochep

Nyob rau xyoo tom ntej, ib tsev neeg loj tau tsiv mus rau Kursk, qhov no tshwm sim sai ua ntej pib Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib. Matthew thaum yau dhau ntawm no. Nws mus kawm ntawm ib lub tsev kawm ntawv tiag. Txawm li ntawd los, tus tub hluas tau pom muaj tswv yim inclinations. Nws tau hu nkauj hauv tsev kawm ntawv hu nkauj, ua si hauv lub suab paj nruag hauv zos ua yeeb yam. Los ntawm 1915 txog 1917 nws kawm violin thiab piano ntawm lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag hauv zos nrog cov kws qhia Kursk nto moo A. Yegudkin thiab A. Daugul.

Txiv mus rau lub peev

Nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1917 nws tau tsiv mus rau lub peev ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws, qhov chaw nws nkag mus rau lub tsev kawm suab paj nruag thiab ua yeeb yam ntawm Moscow Philharmonic Society (tam sim no nws yog GITIS nto moo). Nws tau qhia lub violin, suab paj nruag keeb kwm thiab sau los ntawm cov kws qhia suab paj nruag nto moo tshaj plaws hauv lub tebchaws.

Matvey Blanter phau ntawv keeb kwm ua haujlwm tau pib tam sim tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm qib siab, nyob rau xyoo nyuaj tshaj plaws ntawm kev tsov rog rog. Nws tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv Moscow ntau yam kos duab studio "Rhiav ntawm H. M. Forreger". Cov tub ntxhais suab paj nruag yog lub luag haujlwm rau lub suab paj nruag thiab sau nkauj rau kev ua yeeb yam. Tom qab ua hauj lwm ntawm no los ntawm 1920 txog 1921, nws tsiv mus rau Leningrad, qhov chaw uas nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Leningrad Satire Theatre, nyob rau hauv tib txoj hauj lwm - lub taub hau ntawm lub suab paj nruas department.

thawj hits

Matvey Blanter sau nws thawj zaj nkauj hauv xyoo 1920 hauv hom suab paj nruag suab paj nruag. Ntawm cov pej xeem, nws tej hauj lwm tau muaj koob meej, nyob rau hauvsuav nrog foxtrot nto moo "John Grey" hauv xyoo ntawd. Tom qab ntawd muaj lwm cov nkauj kab txawv "Baghdad", "Fujiyama", tango "Zoo tshaj qhov tuag". Twb tau nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd nws yog tus kws sau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig, sau ntau yam Charlestons thiab shimmys uas yog fashionable nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd.

Composer Matvey Blanter
Composer Matvey Blanter

Nws hits tau staged nyob rau hauv nrov cabarets: lub Petrograd "Balaganchik" (1922) nrog kev koom tes ntawm Rina Zelena, nyob rau hauv lub Moscow "Peacock's Tail" (1923). Lub neej yav tom ntej nto moo kws ua yeeb yam V. Toporkov thiab L. Kolumbova tau ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj "Leather Belt". Nyob rau hauv lub pre-ua tsov ua rog xyoo, nws tseem mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub theaters ntawm Moscow, Leningrad thiab Magnitogorsk.

Nyob teb chaws tus neeg nyiam tshaj plaws

Xyoo 1938, zaj nkauj nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm Matvey Blanter, "Katyusha" ua yeeb yam los ntawm L. Ruslanova, tau ua thawj zaug. Uas tau dhau los ua lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog, thiab tam sim no tau hu ua ntau hom lus ntawm cov neeg hauv ntiaj teb. Nws pib txav deb ntawm kev seev cev suab paj nruag me ntsis, ib qho style uas yooj yim pom tau tom qab pib zoo. Lub sijhawm no, "Partizan Zheleznyak" thiab "Cov Nkauj ntawm Shchors" tau tsim, uas tau suav nrog hauv qhov kev ua yeeb yam ntawm L. Utesov.

Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, nws tau sau txog 50 zaj nkauj, suav nrog "Nyob zoo, nroog thiab tsev pheeb suab" (tsim thaum Lub Rau Hli 23, 1941), uas lawv tau mus rau pem hauv ntej hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog.. Txog tam sim no, cov nkauj nrov ntawm cov xyoo ntawd tau hnov hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab tub rog: "Nyob hauv hav zoov pem hauv ntej", "Kuv tus hlub", "Tsev".

Nrog Radion Shchedrin
Nrog Radion Shchedrin

Nyob rau xyoo tom qab tsov rogMatvey Blanter tsim ntau zaj nkauj uas tseem nrov niaj hnub no, suav nrog "Tsis muaj xim zoo dua", "Hauv lub nroog vaj", "Cia peb zaum, phooj ywg, ua ntej taug kev ntev." Xyoo 1966, lub npe nrov "Black-eyed Cossack" tau sau.

Nws txuas ntxiv koom tes nrog kev ua yeeb yam, sau nkauj rau cov khoom me me los ntawm I. Raikin, kev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev, thiab pib koom tes nrog xinesmas. Tus kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm nquag mus txog rau xyoo 1975.

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Tus Kheej

Tsawg heev yog sau txog nws tus kheej lub neej hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Matvey Blanter. Nws yog paub hais tias thawj tus poj niam yog tus ballerina Nina Ernestovna Shvan, los ntawm nws txoj kev sib yuav tsuas yog tus tub ntawm lub composer, Vladimir, yug los, uas ua hauj lwm raws li tus thawj tswj tuav ntaub ntawv ntawm lub nrov magazine "Priroda". Tsis tas li ntawd, Vladimir Blanter tau sau cov ntawv thiab phau ntawv nyob rau hauv ntau lub npe pseudonym. Tus kws sau nkauj tau mob siab rau nws cov nkauj "Lullaby" thiab "Lub Hnub Qub Balkan" rau nws, uas nws tau txais Stalin nqi zog xyoo 1948.

Ua haujlwm
Ua haujlwm

Tus poj niam thib ob, Olga Ilyinichna, Matvey Isaakovich faus rau hauv 80s. Tsuas yog tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv Tatyana Brodskaya nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas, nws tau ya mus rau nws lub ntees tuag thiab tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm tus kws sau ntawv. Xyoo 2009, kev tsis sib haum xeeb tau tshwm sim, thiab Lavxias Football League xav kom tsis txhob siv Blunter's "Football March". Tatyana Vladimirovna tso cai ua suab paj nruag dawb.

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