Poet Cross Anatoly Grigorievich: biography, tsev neeg, creativity

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Nyob hauv thaj av Nikolaev thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1934, tus kws sau paj huam nrov Anatoly Poperechny yug los, tus kws sau nkauj Soviet thiab Lavxias teb sab, tus sau cov ntawv uas tib neeg tam sim ntawd hu thiab hu rau hnub no.

Thawj plaub xyoos tus kws sau paj lug siv rau ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv zoo nkauj ntawm Kab Kab Sab Qab Teb hauv thaj chaw nruab nrab ntawm thaj av Nikolaev hu ua New Odessa, thiab xyoo 1938 tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau Nikolaev. Thaum lub sij hawm ua tsov ua rog, lawv yuav tsum tau khiav tawm, thiab yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug Anatoly Poperechny, nrog rau txhua yam ntawm kev txhawj xeeb thiab txaus ntshai, mus rau tag nrho cov txoj kev mus rau lub Urals, qhov chaw uas nws nyob mus txog rau lub liberation ntawm nws haiv neeg tej chaw. Lawv rov qab mus rau thaj av uas raug kev puas tsuaj los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog xyoo 1944, qhov chaw uas lawv yuav tsum tau rov qab kho thiab kho txhua yam tshiab. Nyob rau tib qhov chaw, nyob rau hauv Nikolaev, Anatoly Poperechny tiav kaum xyoo thiab tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Black Sea Shipbuilding Plant.

Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tso nws txoj kev kawm. Txawm tias muaj teeb meem ntau lawm (nws ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv ib tug kub khw), cov nqe lus zoo nkauj tau sau, thiab tus kws sau paj lug tau txaus siab txais mus rau Nikolaev pedagogical lub koom haum rau philology. Muaj tseeb, kuv yuav tsum tau kawm nyob rau hauv absentia thiab nrog ntau yam cuam tshuam. Ntawm lub nkoj nkoj tau ntau xyoo lawm muaj ib lub koom haum sau ntawv"Stapel", uas Anatoly Poperechny tuaj xyuas nrog kev zoo siab: nyob ntawd nws tau nkag siab thiab txaus siab rau nws txoj haujlwm.

Thawj tshaj tawm

"Stakhanovite's tribune" yog lub npe ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm loj ntawm lub nkoj, qhov twg Anatoly thawj cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau tshwm sim. Lub tuam txhab lub neej txhua hnub ua rau muaj kev xav tsis thoob hauv kev ua ub no, tus kws sau paj huam tau ua ntau yam: nws sau paj huam, npaj cov kev xeem rau lub koom haum, maj mam kawm sau ntawv me me thiab cov ntawv sau dav dav txog nws cov phooj ywg hauv khw kub. Thiab nws ua tau zoo heev uas tau txais kev koom tes los ntawm cov kws kho mob.

Yuav luag tam sim ntawd, cov paj huam los ntawm Anatoly Poperechny pib tshwm hauv cov ntawv xov xwm, uas tau nyeem nrog kev txaus siab tsis yog los ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab ib txwm muaj, tab sis kuj los ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws. Cov ntawv xov xwm hauv cheeb tsam Yuzhnaya Pravda tau mob siab rau qhov tseeb thiab tseem luam tawm Anatoly cov paj huam ib ntus. Tom qab lub sijhawm luv luv, txawm tias cov ntawv xov xwm hauv nruab nrab tau qhuas txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hluas ob peb zaug nrog kev tshaj tawm.

Books

Nws tsis tuaj yeem kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm qib siab hauv Nikolaev lub sijhawm, thiab tsuas yog xyoo 1954 Anatoly Poperechny tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj los ntawm Herzen Leningrad State pedagogical Institute. Nyob rau hauv 1957, thaum kawg nws txiav txim siab los qhia nws cov paj huam rau cov neeg thiab xa cov ntawv sau mus rau ib tug publishing tsev, tam sim ntawd mus rau Moscow, rau lub Soviet Writer. Tus naas ej kws sau paj lug Alexander Petrovich Mezhirov nyeem cov paj huam ntawm Poperechny thiab ua ib tug zoo xyuas txog lawv. Thiab ces lub Leningrad publishing tsev"Soviet Writer" nyob rau hauv 1959 tau luam tawm ib phau ntawm paj huam thiab paj huam "Lub hli tag nrho", qhov twg tus sau yog Anatoly Grigoryevich Poperechny.

Kev debut tau ua tiav. Ib xyoos tom qab, cov ntawv sau "Liab Nplooj" raug tso tawm. Thiab tom qab luam tawm ntawm phau ntawv thib ob, cov kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub koom haum ua haujlwm siab, thiab Anatoly Grigoryevich Poperechny tau txais cov lus pom zoo tsim nyog. Nyob rau hauv 1960, nws tsis tau tsuas yog mus rau lub Writers 'Union ntawm lub USSR, tab sis kuj tau caw mus ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub kaum hli ntuj magazine raws li lub taub hau ntawm paj huam department. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho tsev neeg yuav tsum tau tsiv mus rau Moscow, qhov chaw uas nws nrhiav tau nws tiag tiag lub teb chaws koob meej.

Milestones

Txog ntawm nws lub neej tau siv hauv lub nroog, txawm hais tias txoj haujlwm ntawm Anatoly Poperechny trumpeted txawv qhov tseeb thiab yuam nws siv sijhawm feem ntau mus ncig thiab sab nraum zoov. Txij li thaum yau nws nyiam nyeem ntawv, cov kws sau ntawv ntawm nws cov phau ntawv duab yog Shevchenko thiab Gogol, thiab nyob rau hauv lub seventies, Vasily Makarovich Shukshin yuam yuav luag tag nrho cov sau phau ntawv los ua chav nyob rau hauv nws lub rooj sau ntawv, uas nws cov phau ntawv tsis yog desktop xwb. Anatoly Poperechny paub txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kws sau ntawv uas nws hlub zoo dua li nws cov ntawv. Nws phau ntawv keeb kwm tau tsim los ntawm lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua siab zoo thiab qhov tseeb.

Yuav ua li cas yav tom ntej yuav npau suav ntawm tus tub ntawm tus poj niam ntawm Transverse - yooj yim agronomist Grigory Demyanovich thiab kws kho mob Alexandra Mikhailovna? Cov nightingale zoo li cas lawv Anatoly loj hlob tuaj, yog tias ib qho tom qab nws cov paj huam raug teeb tsa rau suab paj nruag, thiab tam sim ntawd pib suab los ntawm txhua qhov rais, ntawm txhua lub rooj noj mov? Tsev neeg ntawm Anatoly Poperechny paublos ntawm lub siab txhua zaj paj huam, txhua zaj paj huam los ntawm tag nrho nees nkaum-ob collections ntawm nws. Tag nrho nws lub neej nws tus poj niam txhawb kev ua hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, nws muse - Svetlana Ivanovna. Thiab nws tus tub Sergei, uas tau yug los hauv 1958, tau pab dhau txoj kev nyuaj rau lub koob meej, thaum tsis muaj koob meej thiab tsis muaj dab tsi, nws yuav zoo li, foreshadowed nws.

Creativity

Puas muaj ib tug neeg nyob hauv lub tebchaws uas yuav tsis hu nkauj "Stork on the Roof" tsawg zaus? Thiab zaj nkauj "Grass by the House" tau raug hu los ntawm txhua tiam neeg txij li xyoo 1985, thiab yuav raug hu rau txhua lub sijhawm yav tom ntej. Cov nkauj zoo li no, uas tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam, tuaj yeem sau npe thiab sau npe, muaj ntau ntau ntawm lawv tam sim ntawd los ua neeg nyiam thiab tsis poob qhov kev xav no nrog txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv lub tebchaws uas cuam tshuam rau txoj hauv kev ntawm lub neej thiab kev coj ncaj ncees, thiab txawm nrog kev hloov pauv hauv social and political system.

Cov khoom sau ntawm Anatoly Poperechny tuaj yeem rov nyeem txhua lub sijhawm, lawv yuav tsis poob lawv qhov tseeb, txij li qhov tshwm sim sab nraud ntawm lub neej cuam tshuam lawv me ntsis. Qhov no yog qhov tob, mob siab rau txhua tus paub. Qhov no yog "Black Bread" thiab "Invisible Fight" los ntawm lub sixties, qhov no yog lub ntiaj teb thiab qhov chaw - "Orbit", "Grass ze ntawm lub tsev", qhov no yog nyob mus ib txhis "Raspberry Ringing", uas tsis nyob twj ywm nyob rau hauv lub ntsuj plig. Txhua tus neeg Lavxias, thiab tsis yog cov neeg Soviet xwb. Nkauj ntawm paj huam los ntawm Anatoly Poperechny yuav ib txwm suab.

May 2014

Tsis yog txhua tus nco txog cov npe sau nkauj. Tab sis cov nkauj uas tau ua ib zaug los ntawm Lev Leshchenko, pab pawg "Earthling", Alexander Malinin, Nadezhda Babkina, MikhailShufutinsky, Philip Kirkorov, Sofia Rotaru, Iosif Kobzon, Lyudmila Zykina thiab ntau lwm lub hnub qub ntawm xyoo dhau los, tau txais los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam tshiab. Tias yog vim li cas lub suab ntawm robin yuav suab, thiab tom ntej no astronauts yuav npau suav ntawm cov nyom nyob ze ntawm lub tsev, thiab lawv yuav hu nkauj txog Olesya los ntawm Polissya nyob rau hauv ib tug tsev neeg so nyob rau hauv lub nees nkaum-xyoo pua, thiab zaj nkauj "Stork ntawm lub xyoo pua. Lub tsev" yuav tsis hnov qab. Cov no yog cov hits timeless tiag tiag.

Thiab thaum lub Tsib Hlis 2014 Anatoly Poperechny tuag lawm. Qhov ua rau tuag yog qhov ua rau tuag niaj hnub no - lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm. Zaj nkauj no yog ib zaj tu siab tiag2 rau txhua tus uas nyiam txoj nkauj no. Tus kws sau paj lug tau mob ntev, nws mob plawv, uas kuj tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog yim caum. Lub neej thaum kawg tsis ua rau nws lwj tag nrho, txawm hais tias muaj coob tus ntawm cov suab nrov tas li. Thiab nws tau sau paj huam hais txog nws lub xeem feeb. Nws muab tawm hais tias tsis muaj nyiaj txawm yuav txaus faus tus kws sau paj lug nyob rau hauv Moscow tojntxas. Svetlana Ivanovna yuav tsum tau muag lub tsev.

Kev nco

Anatoly Poperechny yog ib tug neeg zoo, txiav txim los ntawm cov lus ntawm cov neeg uas ua hauj lwm nrog nws ntau heev. Tib qhov kev tsis pom zoo uas tau hnov los ntawm nws yog Anatoly tsis xav txog nws tus kheej ib pawg neeg sau nkauj. Nws tau thov tias lub npe ntawm "tsuas yog kws sau paj huam" txaus rau nws. Thiab qhov tseeb, koj yuav tsum yog tus kws sau paj huam siab tawv tiag tiag los siv cov lus "hloov zoo nkauj" (txhua tus nyiam zaj nkauj "Nightingale Grove"). Yuav luag Mayakovsky.

Nws tus poj niam Svetlana Ivanovna, uas yog tib tus muse leej twgNws tswj tau "tame" kaum xyoo ntev tom qab thawj lub rooj sib tham, nws hais tias nws tus txiv yeej tsis tau sau paj huam txog kev hlub. Thaj, yog vim li cas tag nrho lub teb chaws tau hu nkauj rau cov lus ntawm Anatoly Poperechny rau ntau xyoo lawm. Lub ncauj lus no yog nyob ze rau txhua tus, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus yuav tuaj yeem nthuav tawm kom meej thiab laconicly.

Tus kws sau paj huam txog nws lub neej

Tus kws sau paj lug tsis tshua muaj kev xam phaj dav thoob plaws hauv nws lub neej. Thiab tam sim no lawv muaj tsawg thiab yog li ntawd cov lus tim khawv tsis muaj nuj nqis. Txoj kev ntawm lub neej yog qhov uas coj tus kws sau paj lug kom nkag siab txog paj huam, kev xav ntawm kev xav, mus rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim paj huam.

Txiv leej txiv hais txog tsev neeg feem ntau: "Koj yog agronomist, agronomist, av dub nyob rau hauv koj cov rau tes … "Kuv txiv yooj yim nkag siab lub neej, ntshiab hauv kev xav. Nws tsis txhawb nws tus tub txoj kev mob siab rau paj huam, nws pom nws tsuas yog nrog cov khoom siv tes ua tiag tiag hauv nws txhais tes. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov txiv thiab cov me nyuam, txuam nrog kev ua tsov ua rog, tau tsa ntau zaus los ntawm tus kws sau paj huam: "Swan Flock", "Pull Moon", "Vineyard", "Black Bread" - paj huam zoo kawg nkaus rau lawv qhov tob.

Yog tias nws tsis yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov nkauj nkauj, Anatoly Poperechny tseem yuav sawv ntawm qhov sib xws nrog cov kws sau paj huam muaj npe Lavxias - Kazakova, Tsybin, Rubtsov, Gordeychev, Peredreev. Cia lawv tsis txhob hu nkauj txog dab tsi nyuaj, qee zaum tragic txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov paj huam "Kub khw", "Tsar Turner", "Peb Masters", qhov twg ua hauj lwm yog lub siab tshaj plaws lub ntsiab lus ntawm tib neeg lub neej. Cov no yog tiagpaj huam.

Niam yog tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob thaum ua tsov rog thiab nrog lub tsheb thauj neeg mob tsheb thauj neeg mob los ntawm Ukraine mus rau Urals. Qhov tseeb tiag, tus tub me pom thiab hnov txhua yam kev nyuaj siab uas cov neeg raug kev txom nyem thaum tsov rog. Thaum hla lub Dnieper, lawv yuav tsum tau nyiaj dhau kev tawm tsam los ntawm fascist "Messers" ntawm cov kab mob thiab cov neeg tawg rog. Tom qab ntawd, ntau xyoo tom qab, nws yog los ntawm cov kev paub no uas cov paj huam "Ferry ntawm 41 Xyoo", "Tovarnyak", "Orphan", "Hmo Hla Hla" tau yug los.

Ryazan Madonnas

Zaj paj huam "Tub Rog" tig los ua neeg nkag siab, imbued nrog cov lus tseeb, tiag, siab heev uas lawv tau nyeem rau lawv txawm tias ua ntej zaj nkauj uas tag nrho lub ntiaj teb poob rau hauv kev hlub tau tshwm sim. Lub npe ntawm zaj nkauj txawv - "Ryazan Madonnas", raws li kab hauv paj huam. Tus kws sau ntawv zoo Alexander Dolukhanyan tau hais txog qhov kev hloov pauv no, sau suab paj nruag tiag tiag nrog cov kab lus paj huam.

Zaj nkauj tam sim no tau raug ntaus, nws tau kaw hauv Nyiv thiab Fab Kis, thiab Lyudmila Zykina lub suab nrov thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Zaj nkauj no yog rau txhua lub sijhawm, raws li nws tau lees paub tias yog ib qho classic pop, zoo li ntau lwm cov nkauj raws li cov nqe lus los ntawm Anatoly Poperechny. Lub teeb, kev xyiv fab, kev sib nyiam, kev ua siab zoo, kev ntxhov siab, kev paub tsis qhuav tawm hauv lawv, uas ua rau tib neeg muaj kev tshoov siab thiab kev xav sab hauv, nco thiab kev cia siab, txhawb lub siab.

Cov neeg xav tau zoo li Bogoslovsky, Dolukhanyan, Tukhmanov ua haujlwm ntau nrog Anatoly Poperechny. Ntawm cov kws ntaus nkaujxws li cov kws tshaj lij uas tau lees paub xws li "Pesnyary", "Flame", "Earthling", "Verasy" thiab ntau, ntau lwm tus kws tshaj lij tau ua cov nkauj raws li nqe lus ntawm tus kws sau paj huam no. Dolina thiab Leontiev, Shavrina thiab Gnatyuk, Piekha thiab Allegrova - nws tsis yooj yim sua kom sau tag nrho cov neeg uas tau pab tsa cov nkauj no mus rau qhov nrov tshaj plaws.

Dobrynin thiab Shainsky, Migulya thiab Krutoy, Morozov thiab Ivanov tau tshwm sim los ntawm Anatoly Poperechny cov paj huam. Thiab tag nrho vim hais tias, txawm hais tias qhov yooj yim ntawm cov duab hais lus, cov ntawv tau hloov mus rau qhov tob heev, tawm hauv qhov ntev "aftertaste" hauv daim ntawv nco. Zaj nkauj ib tom dhau los ua cov lus dab neeg: "Tus ntsuj plig mob", "Stork saum ru tsev", "Forces of Heaven", "White Lilac"… Tsuas yog tus kws sau ntawv hlub lub neej heev thiab yeej tsis nkees xav tsis thoob thiab. zoo siab rau txhua qhov kev tshwm sim zoo.

About the poetic world

Txawm tias muaj kev paub thoob plaws hauv lub tebchaws, peb tuaj yeem xaus tias Anatoly Poperechny lub ntiaj teb poetic yog dav thiab muaj ntau haiv neeg. Txhua yam yog nyob ntawm no: kev tshawb nrhiav lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub neej, thiab Niam Txiv, thiab kev hlub rau nws, thiab kev ntshaw los ntawm nws cov keeb kwm keeb kwm kom ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm tus kws sau paj huam los ntawm nws tus kheej, raug kev txom nyem lo lus. Kev muaj tiag yog xav txog nyob rau hauv tej hauj lwm ntawm Poperechny ib txwm artistically, brightly lyrical, vividly figurative thiab aphoristic.

Ntau tshaj nees nkaum zaj paj huam uas tus kws sau paj lug muab rau nco txog lub Great Patriotic War. Nws yog amazing li cas ib tug me nyuam muaj xya xyoo tswj kom tag nrho cov me me, intimate, precious cov ntsiab lus uas sau nws cov paj huam nrog ib tug txaus ntshai kev muaj tiag mus txog rau lub incarnation heev. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm muajtsis muaj kev poob siab. Muaj ib tug tsw ntawm ib lub teb chaws, mob siab rau, tab sis yeej ib txwm yeej, tus kws sau paj lug no qhia rau koj paub nrog txhua tsab ntawv.

Kuv lo lus

Tab sis "tus kheej lo lus" no yuav tsum tau nrhiav tib yam li txhua tus kws sau paj huam - tsis tu ncua thiab mob. Anatoly Poperechny siv nws lub neej tag nrho nrhiav cov no, mus ncig yuav luag tag nrho lub tebchaws, qhov chaw nws tham nrog cov neeg sib txawv kiag li. Nws nuv ntses nyob rau hauv lub Caspian Hiav txwv (qhov twg lub feem ntau penetrating paj huam "Liab Pob zeb" yog coj los ntawm), nyob rau hauv Siberia, feem ntau mus xyuas Ukraine rau lub sij hawm ntev - tom qab tag nrho, nws lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv Belarus, thiab txawm nyob rau hauv Transbaikalia, txij li thaum. yog muaj phau ntawv yuav tsum yug thiab yug "Core".

Txhua qhov kev xyiv fab thiab txhua yam kev mob ntawm lub xyoo pua dhau los tau tshwm sim hauv cov paj huam ntawm Anatoly Poperechny. Kev nyeem ntawv nws tsis dhuav: cov lus muaj yeeb yuj, nrog nws cov yam ntxwv Me Me Lavxias teb sab tsw, lub intonation yog dav, entailing. Tus phab ej ntawm nws cov paj huam feem ntau muaj txoj hmoo phem, tab sis kev phem yeej ib txwm kov yeej, vim hais tias lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev hlub yeej tsis tso tseg - rau tib neeg, rau Niam, rau lub ntiaj teb uas tab tom yuav tshwm sim. Muaj kev sib haum xeeb hauv Poperechny cov paj huam, hauv lawv qhov xwm txheej thiab tib neeg yog ib qho.

Melody

Nkauj ntseeg tsis muaj nuj nqis hu ua txoj hmoo ntawm ib tiam neeg. Qee zaj nkauj muaj sia nyob lawv tiam. Lub suab paj nruag transverse ntawm nqe yog xws li tias ib tus tuaj yeem suav ntau ntau ntau zaj nkauj "ntev" ntev. Qee cov neeg thuam hais txog txoj hauv kev ntawm cov ntawv no rau pej xeem kev kos duab, qhov twg muaj ntau hom kev ntseeg - koom ua ke, sib sau ua ke, sib haum xeeb ntau tus neeg.

Lwm tus tham txog kev xav tob tob, pab nkag mus rau hauv cov ces kaum sab hauv ntawm tus ntsuj plig, hais txog kev koom ua ke. Tom qab tag nrho, dab tsi yog "crimson ringing" rau ib tug neeg Lavxias? Ua ntej tshaj plaws, nws yog lub cim. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov hauj lwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug yog ib tug hneev rau nws haiv neeg, qhov no yog muab ntawm nws tus kheej loy alty thiab nkag siab rau ib tug plowman, shipbuilder, blacksmith, qhov no yog kev hlub rau lub neej nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws manifestations.