Venus ntawm Willendorf: piav qhia, qhov loj me, style. Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo

Cov txheej txheem:

Venus ntawm Willendorf: piav qhia, qhov loj me, style. Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo
Venus ntawm Willendorf: piav qhia, qhov loj me, style. Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo

Video: Venus ntawm Willendorf: piav qhia, qhov loj me, style. Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo

Video: Venus ntawm Willendorf: piav qhia, qhov loj me, style. Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo
Video: If Alexa was HMong 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Venus ntawm Willendorf yog suav tias yog, raws li lawv yuav hais tam sim no, tus qauv ntawm kev zoo nkauj ntawm Paleolithic era. Ib daim duab me me uas piav txog tus poj niam lub cev tag nrho tau pom hauv Austria xyoo 1908. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm Venus, raws li kws tshawb fawb qhia, yog 24-25 txhiab xyoo. Nov yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom qub qub tshaj plaws puas tau pom hauv ntiaj teb.

Paleolithic beauties

Cov duab zoo ib yam, cov kws tshawb fawb keeb kwm tau pib tshawb pom txij li ib nrab xyoo pua ua ntej kawg. Tag nrho cov ntawm lawv depict cov poj niam nrog peb-dimensional daim ntawv thiab hnub rov qab mus rau lub Upper Paleolithic. Thaj chaw uas cov kev tshawb pom no tau tsim yog qhov dav heev: los ntawm Pyrenees mus rau Siberia. Tag nrho cov figurines (lawv tus naj npawb tag nrho yog ob peb puas) niaj hnub no los ntawm lub npe "Paleolithic Venuses". Thaum pib, lub npe ntawm Roman vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev zoo nkauj thaum ub tau siv los ua lus tso dag: cov duab sib txawv ntau dhau los ntawm kev lees paub ntawm cov duab ntawm poj niam lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tau noj hauv paus thiab siv txhua qhov chaw niaj hnub no.

yam ntxwv

Venus ntawm Willendorf thiab cov duab zoo sib xws muajib tug xov tooj ntawm cov tsis tau tso cai rau lawv mus ua ke rau hauv ib qeb ntawm cov khoom kos duab. Cov no yog cov ntaub ntawv zoo kawg nkaus, lub taub hau me me, qhia cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib deev, tsis tshua muaj los yog kawm me ntsis ntawm caj npab thiab txhais ceg. Feem ntau cov figurines muaj lub pob zeb diamond-puab silhouette. Qhov voluminous feem ntau ntawm daim duab yog lub plab thiab pob tw. Ob txhais ceg thiab lub taub hau me dua, zoo li yog tsim cov saum toj ntawm lub rhombus.

Venus ntawm Willendorf
Venus ntawm Willendorf

Muaj kev sib cav ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb txog seb cov qauv zoo li no puas yog cov duab ntawm lub cev tiag tiag pom nyob hauv qee cov neeg hauv tebchaws Africa (steatopygia), lossis nws puas yog lub hauv paus ntawm kev xeeb tub.

Venus ntawm Willendorf: Nqe lus piav qhia

Ib qho ntawm Paleolithic figurines tau pom nyob ze lub nroog Willendorf hauv Austria. Xyoo 1908, kev khawb av tau ua nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub chaw ua haujlwm cib qub, thiab tam sim no muaj ib lub monument me me hauv daim ntawv loj ntawm cov duab pom.

Venus ntawm Willendorf yog
Venus ntawm Willendorf yog

Venus ntawm Willendorf yog qhov me me - tsuas yog 11 cm. Lub taub hau ntawm Venus, nyob rau hauv kev sib piv nrog rau lub cev, yog heev me me thiab tsis muaj traceed lub ntsej muag, tab sis nws yog decorated nrog braids ua tib zoo ua hauj lwm los ntawm ancient tswv. Tus poj niam ob txhais tes nyob ntawm lub hauv siab loj thiab txawv me me, ob txhais taw ploj lawm.

hnub nyoog

Hnub no koj tuaj yeem pom cov lus hais tias Venus ntawm Willendorf yog tus duab qub tshaj plaws ntawm tus poj niam pom. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov xwm txheej txawv me ntsis. VenusWillendorf, raws li cov kws tshawb fawb, tau tsim txog 24-25 txhiab xyoo dhau los. Tau kawg, lub hnub nyoog tseem ceeb heev. Txawm li cas los xij, kuj tseem muaj cov duab qub qub: Venus los ntawm Hole Fels (35-40 txhiab xyoo), Venus Vestonica (27-30 txhiab xyoo).

Venus ntawm Willendorf piav qhia
Venus ntawm Willendorf piav qhia

Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua xeem, ob daim duab tau pom, uas nws lub hauv paus tseem tsis meej. Yog tias nws tau ua pov thawj tias lawv tau tsim los ntawm tib neeg txhais tes, thiab tsis yog los ntawm kev yaig thiab huab cua, ces Venus los ntawm Tan-Tan thiab Venus los ntawm Berehat-Ram yuav dhau los ua cov duab qub tshaj plaws (300-500 thiab 230 txhiab xyoo feem) piav txog poj niam.

venus ntawm willendorf loj
venus ntawm willendorf loj

khoom

Venus ntawm Willendorf yog ua los ntawm oolitic ntxeem tau limestone. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias cov khoom zoo li no tsis pom nyob hauv thaj chaw uas pom cov duab. Rau qee lub sijhawm, lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm Venus tseem yog qhov tsis paub rau cov kws tshawb fawb. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Keeb Kwm Keeb Kwm hauv Vienna, qhov twg cov duab khaws cia niaj hnub no, tuaj yeem nqa daim ntaub thaiv kev zais cia. Lub limestone yog tej zaum mined nyob ze Czech nroog Brno, uas yog yuav luag 140 km ntawm Willendorf. Stranskaya Skala nyob ntawm no, limestone massif uas yog ze heev nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg rau cov khoom ntawm Venus. Nws tseem tsis tau paub tias daim duab tau tsim nyob ze lub nroog Brno lossis ze Willendorf, qhov twg cov khoom xa tuaj.

Lwm qhov nthuav dav - daim duab qub tau npog nrog liab ocher. Qhov tseeb no hais nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo ntawm qhov kev xav txog lub hom phiaj ritual ntawm daim duab. Feem ntau, cov khoom kev cai dab qhuas tau them nrog ocher.

Faceless

Qhov tsis muaj qhov nthuav dav ntawm lub ntsej muag ntsej muag kuj ua pov thawj pom zoo ntawm cov qauv no. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, nws tau ntseeg hais tias lub ntsej muag yog sab nraud qhia ntawm tus cwj pwm. Deprived ntawm nws figurines embody ib yam dab tsi ntau tshaj li tib neeg. Tej zaum, Venus ntawm Willendorf thiab cov figurines zoo sib xws yog cov khoom ritual ntawm fertility cult, glorifying childbearing, fertility, abundance. Lub plab thiab pob tw loj tuaj yeem ua cim kev txhawb nqa thiab kev ruaj ntseg.

Peb yuav tsum tsis txhob hnov qab tias nyob rau lub sijhawm deb ntawm peb cov poj koob yawm txwv, zaub mov tau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm hnyav, thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis yog qhov tshwm sim ntau zaus. Yog li ntawd, cov poj niam uas muaj cov qauv zoo nkauj tau suav tias yog noj zoo, noj qab haus huv thiab nplua nuj, muaj peev xwm yug tau cov menyuam muaj zog thiab tawv.

venus ntawm willendorf style
venus ntawm willendorf style

Tej zaum Paleolithic Venuses yog lub incarnation ntawm tus vajtswv poj niam los yog siv los ua talismans, nyiam cov hmoov zoo, cov cim ntawm fertility, stability, ruaj ntseg thiab txuas ntxiv ntawm lub neej. Feem ntau, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsis paub cov lus teb meej txog lub hom phiaj ntawm cov figurines, txij li lub sijhawm dhau mus dhau lawm txij li lawv cov tsos thiab cov pov thawj tsawg dhau ntawm lub sijhawm ntawd tseem tshuav.

kev xav niaj hnub

Cov neeg uas pom Venus los ntawm Willendorf thawj zaug hnov mob rau nws ntau txoj hauv kev. Rau qee tus, nws ua rau muaj kev qhuas tiag tiag uas yog lub cim ntawm kev ywj pheej los ntawm cov qauv ntawm poj niam kev zoo nkauj uas muaj nyob niaj hnub no (Barbie menyuam roj hmab, 90-60-90 thiab lwm yam). Qee lub sij hawm Venus txawm hu ua lub cim ntawm poj niam innermost essence. Ib tug neeg ntawm qhov pom ntawm daim duab yog frankly ntshai ntawm daim duab vim nws txawv txawv. Hauv ib lo lus,Raws li yog cov ntaub ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab, Venus ntawm Willendorf, uas nws txoj kev tsim kho yog ib txwm rau txhua tus Paleolithic figurines, evokes cov kev xav tsis sib haum xeeb tshaj plaws.

Rau qee cov kws ua yeeb yam tam sim no, nws yog qhov kev tshoov siab. Ib qho ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tsim cov duab muaj tswv yim yog lub npe hu ua Venus of Willendorf ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st - ib tug pej thuam 4.5 meters siab, ua hauj lwm ntawm ib tug ntawm cov kawm tiav Academy ntawm Arts nyob rau hauv Riga. Zoo li tus qauv, nws tau txais kev tawm tsam sib xyaw los ntawm cov neeg thuam thiab cov pej xeem.

Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo
Venus ntawm Willendorf 21st caug xyoo

Nws yog qhov tsis lees paub tias Venus ntawm Willendorf yog ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm qub tshaj plaws ntawm kev kos duab, ua tim khawv rau lub sijhawm dhau los. Nws pab kom nkag mus rau ib ntus mus rau yav dhau los nyob deb, kom paub tias yuav hloov pauv li cas cov qauv thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm kev zoo nkauj yog, qhov tob npaum li cas ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm kab lis kev cai paub rau peb niaj hnub no mus. Zoo li txhua yam coj txawv txawv thiab txawv txawv tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev tsim txoj hauv kev ntawm lub neej thiab kev xav, nws hu kom saib tus kheej thiab keeb kwm los ntawm lub kaum sab xis sib txawv me ntsis, kom tsis ntseeg qhov tseeb ntawm kev ntseeg thiab dogmas, kom muaj tswv yim kev tshoov siab thiab tshem tawm cov tuag thiab ossified.

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