2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Napoleon Bonaparte yog tus huab tais Fab Kis uas zoo kawg nkaus, uas nws txoj kev kav lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2, 1804.
Jacques-Louis David hauv lub sijhawm hloov pauv
Ib qho xwm txheej ntawm qhov loj no tsis tuaj yeem tsis pom, thiab ob peb lub hlis ua ntej kev ua koob tsheej, Napoleon tau xaj ib daim duab qhia txog txhua qhov kev ua yeeb yam no los ntawm tus kws kos duab Jacques-Louis David.
David yog tus sawv cev ntawm classicism hauv Fabkis painting. Koom nrog kev tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thiab tawm tsam kev rhuav tshem King Louis XVI. Nws tsim ib tug xov tooj ntawm paintings ntawm revolutionary ntsiab lus: "Kev tuag ntawm Marat", "Lub Oath nyob rau hauv lub Ballroom". Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws nrhiav tau National Museum ntawm Louvre.
'Napoleon's Coronation' yog David cov duab kos, tam sim no nyob hauv Louvre, thiab txhua tus neeg tuaj xyuas tsev cia puav pheej tuaj yeem pom nws. Qhov tseeb, thawj lub npe ntawm daim duab yog "Kev mob siab rau Emperor Napoleon I thiab lub coronation ntawm Empress Josephine nyob rau hauv Notre Dame Cathedral thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2, 1804", tab sis nyob rau hauv lub neej txhua hnub nws yog lub abbreviated version uas yog siv ntau zaus.
Tus kws kos duab tau txais Napoleon qhov kev thov nrog kev xyiv fab, vim nws yog nws tus neeg koom nrog thiab koom nrog kev xav ntawm tus huab tais yav tom ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, tom qab kev tuag ntawm Robespierre, nws xav tauib puag ncig tshiab ntawm nws txoj kev muaj tswv yim.
Npaj rau lub coronation ntawm Napoleon I
Napoleon tau nto moo rau nws txoj kev hlub rau Caesars thiab Roman faj tim teb chaws, yog li nws xav siv nws txoj kev nce mus rau lub zwm txwv raws li nws tus kheej nyiam.
Lub coronation nws tus kheej hauv cov qauv ntawm Ancient Rome tau ua ntej los ntawm kev npaj thoob ntiaj teb, thiab qhov chaw rau lub koob tsheej yog lub Cathedral nto moo Notre Dame, uas tau rov tsim kho sai sai tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev hloov pauv tsis ntev los no, thiab tseem tau dai kom zoo nkauj hauv ntsuj plig ntawm lub tebchaws Ancient.
''Napoleon lub coronation'' tau los ua lub ncov ntawm tus tswv txoj haujlwm thiab pab txhawb kev rov ua dua tshiab ntawm classicism los ntawm kev muaj tiag.
David's painting
Tag nrho cov duab ntawm daim ntaub yog ua tib zoo tsim, kom txhua tus cim tau pom zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus kws kos duab tau qhia meej meej nws tus cwj pwm ntawm qee yam uas tau thuam los ntawm tus neeg pleev kob thiab qee qhov muab kev saib tsis taus.
Nyob rau hauv daim duab "Lub Coronation ntawm Napoleon", Jacques-Louis David tau sim qhia txhua yam xwm txheej ntawm lub koob tsheej no.
Piv txwv li, kev cai dab qhuas huab cua ntawm tag nrho cov txheej txheem, khoom kim heev thiab pom, thiab Pope nws tus kheej, hnav kub thiab nrog lub ntsej muag smug, tsis txhob tsim ib qho chaw ntawm sab ntsuj plig txhua, tab sis zoo li. kev thuam. Qhov no yog qhov yooj yim tsis hwm. Txij li thaum David muaj ib tug kiv puag ncig, nws piav txog Notre Dame ua ib qho chaw sib sau ua ke rau cov dilettantes, thiab tsis yog lub tuam tsev ntawm tus Tswv.
Thaum huab tais pom daim duab tiav lawm, nws thov kom tus neeg pleev kob hloov pauvqhov xwm txheej uas Pope zaum tsis tuaj, nrog nws txhais tes tuav hauv nws ceg tawv. Napoleon txoj kev xav tau meej meej: nws tsis tau yuam ib tug tub qhe ntawm Vajtswv los ntawm qhov deb ntawd kom nws tsis ua dab tsi.
Classic David realism
Napoleon nws tus kheej yog ib tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov neeg nplua nuj bourgeoisie, thiab nws cov tsos ntawm cov khaub ncaws hnav muaj koob muaj npe hauv nws tus kheej yuav tsum tau ua rau muaj kev thuam, tab sis tus neeg pleev kob tau tswj hwm qhov tseeb no los ntawm kev hais txog tus txiv neej thiab kev loj hlob ntawm nws lub ntsej muag.
Yav tom ntej Empress Josephine muaj lub koob npe phem heev, tab sis nws tus txiv thov kom nws crown, txawm tias tsis muaj poj huab tais tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo li no. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tseeb no, David tau piav qhia txog kev ua raws li tus poj niam, ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws sab nraud zoo nkauj.
Nyob rau lub verge ntawm tsim ib tug tshiab imperial tsoom fwv nyob rau hauv Fabkis, lub realism ntawm David muab ib tug tej yam caricature orientation. Qee cov neeg thuam pom cov kev tshwm sim no hauv kev piav qhia ntawm tag nrho cov ceremony. Muaj lub siab xav tsis thoob, David tuaj yeem ua qhov no yog tias qee yam tsis haum rau nws, txawm tias nws muaj kev khuv leej rau tus thawj coj tshiab.
Txawm tias David tau nyob ntawm lub koob tsheej nws tus kheej thiab tau ua qee qhov kev npaj kos duab, daim duab tsis yog 100% sawv cev ntawm cov xwm txheej tiag. Tus kws kos duab tau ua qee qhov kev hloov kho. Ib qho piv txwv tiag tiag yog cov duab ntawm tus huab tais niam, majestically nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob kab hauv nruab nrab hauv keeb kwm yav dhau. Tom qab tag nrho, qhov tseeb, nws tsis yog nyob rau hauv lub coronation ntawm nws tus tub, tab sis nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntawd nyob rau hauv Rome. Ntawm lub canvas, nws pov Napoleontu siab heev li os.
Ib qho kev hloov pauv ntxiv ntawm qhov tseeb tuaj yeem pom. Nyob rau hauv daim duab, tus kav yog depicted nrog ib tug laurel wreath ntawm nws lub taub hau, thaum nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb nws coj nws tawm mus rau lub crown. Coob leej ntseeg tias lub wreath haum rau tus huab tais ntau dua li lub kaus mom, yog li tom qab qee qhov kev xav tsis thoob, David tau nyiam nws.
Yog tias tus kws kos duab ua raws li qhov tseeb, nws yuav tsum tau piav txog Napoleon ntawm ko taw ntawm Pope, thiab muab Josephine qis dua. Txawm li cas los xij, paub txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kav thiab cov txiv plig, nws tso tseg lub tswv yim no.
Yog li ntawd, David nres ntawm kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Empress los ntawm Napoleon.
Tus tswv kuj tau them se rau daim duab ntawm lub koob meej ntawm cov qauv vaj tsev. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom los ntawm ntau txoj kab ntsug - peb kab, ib lub thaj nrog siab tswm ciab.
Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm daim duab
Daim duab qhia txog 153 mus rau 200 tus neeg, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas tau. Txawm li cas los xij, cov cim hauv qab no tsis tuaj yeem lees paub:
- Cardinal Fasch, Cardinal Caprara, Greek Patriarch uas nyob ib puag ncig Pius VII;
- Tus Vaj Ntxwv ntawm Neuchâtel thiab Ponte Corvo, Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws Fab Kis, Tus Lwm Thawj Coj ntawm Ltalis, Tub Vaj Ntxwv Murat thiab peb tus thawj coj - lawv tau tsim ib pab pawg tub ceev xwm ntawm huab tais, txhua tus hnav lub kaus mom nrog plaub;
- Napoleon cov kwv tij thiab cov muam, cov poj niam-hauv-tos, cov ntxhais huabtais uas tsim tsa tus Empress retinue;
- tig mus rau tus saib niam ntawm Napoleon, Madame Su, Madame de Fontanges, Monsieur de Cosse-Brissac, Monsieur deLaville thiab General Bowmon.
Nkauj kho siab
Xyoo 1807, ua haujlwm ntawm daim duab "Lub Coronation ntawm Napoleon" tau ua tiav. Napoleon tau tshuaj xyuas daim ntaub ntev li ib teev, tom qab ntawd nws zoo siab heev hais tias David tau ua haujlwm zoo heev thiab tsim lub luag haujlwm tsim nyog rau tus huab tais. Tom qab ntawd, daim duab tau muab tso rau pej xeem, uas ua rau nws muaj koob meej heev.
''Napoleon lub coronation'' (lub xyoo ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim zoo kawg li tau hais nyob rau hauv qhov pib ntawm tsab xov xwm) zoo siab rau Parisians thoob plaws hauv lub xyoo. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas David tau thov tsuas yog ib puas txhiab francs rau nws txoj hauj lwm, uas ua rau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb nrog lub imperial 'sau accounting department', uas pom muaj ntau yam tsis tau them tus nqi.
Cov duab "Napoleon's Coronation" (hnub pib ua haujlwm ntawm daim ntaub - Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 21, 1805, ua tiav - Lub Ib Hlis 1808) tau los ua qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm nws tus sau.
Pom zoo:
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