Biography ntawm Gabdulla Tukay: lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Gabdulla Tukay yog tus kws sau ntawv Tatar nto moo, kws sau paj lug, thuam thiab txhais lus. Nws yog tus tsim cov paj huam tshiab ntawm lub teb chaws, nws tsa txoj kev xav ntawm kev hlub tshua heev. Tukay tsim ib lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm paj huam, nyob rau hauv lub txiaj ntsim ntawm uas ib tug loj tiam ntawm tsis tau tsuas yog Tatar, tab sis kuj lwm yam sau ntawv loj hlob.

Gabdulla Tukay: biography

Tus kws sau ntawv yug rau lub Plaub Hlis 26, 1886 hauv lub zos Kushlavich. Nws txiv - Mukhamedgarif - los ntawm Kazan xeev. Tus kws sau ntawv yawg yog mullah. Thaum Gabdulla muaj hnub nyoog 4.5 hli, nws txiv tuag, thiab thaum muaj peb xyoos nws poob nws niam. Qee lub sij hawm nws nyob hauv tsev neeg ntawm nws yawg Zinnatulla, tom qab ntawd nws xaus rau hauv Kazan hauv tsev neeg tsis muaj menyuam Muhammetvali, qhov chaw nws nyob tau li 2 xyoos.

Cov phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Gabdulla Tukay hais tias nws niam thiab txiv tau poob mob, thiab tus tub tuag hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb Sagdi hauv lub zos Kyrlay, qhov chaw nws nyob tau peb xyoos. Lub neej neeg ua liaj ua teb tsis yooj yim rau nws. Ntawm no nws tau ua haujlwm ntau, kawm thiab kawm lub neej ntawm Gabdulla Tukay. Biography luv luv qhia ntxiv txog nws cov menyuam yaus ntxiv, uas tau tshwm sim hauv nroog Uralsk. Nws raug coj mus rau nws tsev neeg los ntawm tus tub lag luam Galiaskar Usmanov, qhov twg nws tus poj niam nyobtus phauj. Tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tau kawm ntawm madrasah ntawm tsev neeg Tukhvatullin, tib lub sijhawm nws tau mus kawm Lavxias, nws cov txuj ci zoo kawg nkaus tau tshwm sim hauv nws txoj kev kawm.

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 16 xyoo, kev ntseeg thiab kev coj cwj pwm ntawm tus kws sau paj huam tau tsim. Phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Gabdulla Tukay lees paub tias tus tub hluas muaj kev kawm zoo: nws paub European, Lavxias teb sab, Eastern kab lis kev cai zoo, ntau hom lus thiab ntau zaj dab neeg uas nws qhia nthuav.

Nws pob ntseg zoo thiab hu tau zoo, txawm hais tias nws lub suab tsis zoo nkauj, tab sis tus tub hluas tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv sau ntawm lub suab.

Kev koom tes nrog kev tshaj tawm

thawj zaj dab neeg ntawm Tukay yog ib feem khaws cia hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Al-Gasr al-Jadid (1904). Nyob rau hauv tib lub xyoo, nws tau txhais Krylov cov lus dab neeg rau hauv nws hom lus thiab muab tshaj tawm rau lawv. Nws nyiam ua hauj lwm ntawm Lermontov thiab Pushkin. Nws thawj txoj hauj lwm hauv paj huam yog kev txhais cov hauj lwm ntawm A. Koltsov "Koj pw li cas, tus txiv neej me?", luam tawm xyoo 1905

Cov ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Gabdulla Tukay hais tias tom qab lub kiv puag ncig ntawm 1905 pib, thawj cov ntawv xov xwm thiab ntawv xov xwm Al-Gasr al-Jadid thiab Fiker tau tshwm sim hauv Uralsk. Tukay koom tes nrog lawv thiab luam tawm ntau zaj paj huam ntawm cov ncauj lus uas lub kiv puag ncig nthuav tawm. Tus kws sau ntawv kuj tau koom nrog ntau lub nroog tawm tsam.

Xyoo 1907, Tukay tawm ntawm Tukhvatullin madrasah. Yog li pib nws lub neej dawb.

Lub Rau Hli 3 kev tawm tsam, uas tshwm sim hauv tib lub xyoo, ua rau tus kws sau ntawv tsim cov paj huam "Peb yuav tsis tawm!". BiographyGabdulla Tukay hais tias nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm no lub suab ntawm ib tug fighter suab, hu mus rau qhov kawg kom sawv rau lub meej mom ntawm nws haiv neeg thaj av thiab kev ywj pheej. Tukay cov paj huam xws li "Ib khub ntawm Nees", "Shurale", sau thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, tau mob siab rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws haiv neeg.

Tukay's work

Gabdulla Tukay npog ntau yam sib txawv. Nws biography txhais nws txoj hauj lwm raws li pej xeem thiab muaj tiag.

Lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1907, tus kws sau ntawv tuaj rau Kazan ua qhov nws nyiam nyob ntawd. Cov neeg sau ntawv tau txais nws yooj yim, nws mus cuag cov kws sau ntawv hluas uas tau koom ua ke nyob ib puag ncig ntawm Al-Islah.

Lub sijhawm no, Tukay tau qhia tag nrho nws lub peev xwm sau ntawv rau cov ntawv xov xwm zoo nkauj thiab lom zem "Y alt-yult", "Yashen". Nyob rau xyoo 1908, tus kws sau ntawv tau sau cov ntawv sau paj huam nthuav thiab sau xov xwm. Cov paj huam "Nyob rau hauv lub Blessed Memory ntawm Khusain" thiab "Tatar Youth" muaj puv nrog kev xav ntawm keeb kwm optimism.

Rau 1909-10 Tus kws sau ntawv tau tsim ib puas paj huam, ob zaj dab neeg, ib qho kev sau ntawv nyob rau hauv autobiographical style "Kuv nco txog kuv tus kheej", ib tsab xov xwm hais txog Tatar creativity, 30 kev tshuaj xyuas thiab feuilletons, luam tawm 12 phau ntawv. Tau ntau xyoo Tukay sau cov nkauj pej xeem. Xyoo 1910, tus kws sau ntawv tau luam tawm qee cov nkauj sau hauv phau ntawv National Melodies.

Gabdulla Tukay: biography rau me nyuam

Tib lub sijhawm, Tukay pib sau paj huam thiab hais lus rau menyuam yaus. Cov paj huam "Tshis thiab yaj", "Shurale" thiab 50 paj huam, hais txog 100 txhais lus dab neeg nws tsim nyob rau hauv tsib xyoos. Ib qho chaw zoo nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv muaj cov creations "Hu rau Labor", paj huam "Shurale"thiab "Zoo Siab Nplooj", sau raws li cov dab neeg. Tukay tsim 2 phau ntawv nyeem ntawm Tatar cov ntaub ntawv rau lub tsev kawm ntawv. Tus kws sau paj huam tau lees paub tias yog tus tsim ntawm Tatar cov ntawv nyeem rau cov menyuam yaus.

Nkauj Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej

Feem ntau ntawm Tukay cov paj huam thiab cov ntawv sau tau raug sau los ntawm kev mus ncig rau cov zos ntawm Zakazanya. Lawv piav txog qhov tseeb txaus siab los ntawm tus neeg tiv thaiv.

Txawm tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, xyoo 1911-12, Gabdulla tau taug kev uas tseem ceeb heev rau nws. Nyob rau hauv 1911, Tukay tuaj txog ntawm steamboat nyob rau hauv Astrakhan, ntawm txoj kev nws tau ntsib nrog lub Volga cheeb tsam ("Little Journey", "Dacha"). Ntawm no tus kws sau ntawv nyob nrog nws tus phooj ywg Sagit Ramiev. Hauv Astrakhan, nws tau ntsib Azerbaijani pej xeem daim duab Nariman Narimanov, uas tau raug ntiab tawm nyob ntawd rau nws cov kev ua ub no.

Lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav xyoo 1912, tus kws sau ntawv txiav txim siab mus rau Kazan, Ufa thiab St. Nws nyob hauv St. Petersburg rau kaum peb hnub, tom qab ntawd nws mus rau Troitsk, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau Kazakh steppe haus koumiss hauv kev cia siab ntawm kev txhim kho nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv. Thaum Lub Yim Hli, Tukay rov qab mus rau Kazan. Nws ua haujlwm hauv lub tsev luam ntawv thiab, txawm hais tias muaj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo, nws tseem ua rau muaj tswv yim.

2(15.04. 1913 Gabdulla Tukay tuag. Nws tuag hauv qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws lub peev xwm. Cov kab lig kev cai ntawm Tukay tau dhau los ua kev txiav txim siab txog kev xav thiab kev zoo nkauj thiab lub neej muab qhov chaw rau kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv Tatar yav tom ntej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv chij ntawm haiv neeg thiab kev muaj tiag.

Gabdulla Tukay raug faus rau ntawm Tatar toj ntxas hauv Kazan.

Nco tus kws sau paj huam

Kazanskaya Square, metro, txoj kev hauv Ufa, lub zos ntawm Dautovo hauv Chelyabinsk Chelyabinsk muaj npe tom qab tus kws sau ntawv

Tsis tas li, monuments tau tsa rau Tukay hauv Uralsk, St. Petersburg thiab Moscow.

Tsev khaws puav pheej ntawm Gabdulla Tukay qhib: Tsev khaws puav pheej Literary hauv Kazan, kev sau ntawv thiab kev nco txog ntawm Gabdulla Tukay hauv lub zos Novy Kyrlay.

Cov khoom plig kos duab hauv Tatarstan kuj muaj npe tom qab tus kws sau ntawv.