Nikolai Biryukov: biography, phau ntawv thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Nikolai Biryukov: biography, phau ntawv thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Nikolai Biryukov: biography, phau ntawv thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Nikolai Biryukov: biography, phau ntawv thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Video: yog hmoov dab tsi. Zoo Xyooj (cover) 2024, Kaum ib hlis
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Socialist realism yog ib txoj hauv kev kos duab hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kos duab feem ntau, uas muaj feem xyuam hauv USSR. Qhov kev taw qhia no tau tsim los ntawm peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus - haiv neeg, kev xav thiab kev ntseeg. Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm txoj kev no yog los qhia lub neej ntawm ib tug neeg nyob rau hauv lub socialist zej zog, nws tawm tsam rau tej yam tswv yim.

Ib qho ntawm cov muaj tswv yim tsim ua haujlwm hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev muaj tiag yog tus kws sau paj huam thiab kws sau ntawv Nikolai Biryukov. Nws yog tus sau 9 zaj dab neeg.

nikolai biryukov cov phau ntawv
nikolai biryukov cov phau ntawv

Biography ntawm Nikolai Biryukov. Thaum ntxov xyoo

Tus kws sau yav tom ntej, uas nws lub npe tag nrho yog Nikolai Zotovich Biryukov, yug Lub Ob Hlis 14, 1912 hauv nroog Orekhovo-Zuevo, uas tau suav hais tias yog ib feem ntawm lub xeev Vladimir, thiab tam sim no nyob rau thaj tsam Moscow. Nws paub tias Biryukov niam txiv, Zot Ivanovich thiab Evdokia Panfilovna, yog cov neeg ua haujlwm textile.

Thaum tus tub hluas muaj 7 xyoos, tsev neeg Biryukov tsiv mus rauVolga cheeb tsam. Nws nyob ntawm no tias yav tom ntej tus kws sau ntawv yuav tsum pom cov xwm txheej ntawm Tsov Rog Tsov Rog thiab kev tshaib kev nqhis tom qab xyoo 1921-1922. Ntau xyoo tom qab, tag nrho cov kev xav no tau tshwm sim hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Nikolai Biryukov.

Tsis ntev tsev neeg rov qab los rau Orekhovo-Zuyevo dua. Nyob rau hauv 1925, Biryukov los ua ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Komsomol thiab pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Hoobkas. Tom qab ntawd nws nkag mus rau lub tsev kawm ntawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub Hoobkas ntawm ib lub tshuab textile. Nikolai Biryukov kuj kawm hauv tsev kawm qib siab tsim kho.

Nikolai biryukov kws sau paj lug thiab kws sau ntawv
Nikolai biryukov kws sau paj lug thiab kws sau ntawv

Thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1930, muaj xwm txheej tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ib lub tsev ntawm Dulevo cog, mus ib txhis hloov lub neej ntawm 18-xyoo-laus Biryukov. Nws yuav tsum tau ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv dej khov, uas dheev rushed mus rau hauv lub qhov. Tom qab ntawd, Nikolai Biryukov poob mob hnyav, nws yuav tsum tau siv sijhawm so ntawm nws lub neej hauv txaj vim tuag tes tuag taw uas cuam tshuam rau tag nrho lub cev - tsuas yog ob txhais tes tsis poob mus.

Txoj sia ntxiv. Creative activity

Lub tswv yim pib sau tuaj rau Biryukov xyoo 1931. Xyoo tom qab, nws tau koom nrog All-Union Competition for Young Poets thiab tau txais ib qho khoom plig rau nws zaj paj huam "Tsis muaj kev suav yeej!".

Txawm hais tias Nikolai Biryukov taug kev tsis tau lossis txawm tawm hauv txaj ntawm nws tus kheej, qhov xwm txheej tsis ua rau nws tsis lees paub. Biryukov coj ib tug tag nrho lub neej, kawm nyob rau hauv absentia ntawm lub Gorky Literary lub koom haum. Nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, tus kws sau ntawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm cov dab neeg nto moo los ntawm Nikolai Ostrovsky "Yuav ua li cas cov hlau tau Tempered", uas tau los ua Biryukov qhov kev txhawb siab kom ua tiav nws lub hom phiaj thiab tsis txhob khuv xim nws tus kheej.

Thaum mus kawm lwm yam kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob, tus kws sau ntawv tau ntsib Anna Kharitonova, tus kws qhia hluas uas tom qab los ua tus poj niam ntawm Nikolai Biryukov thiab txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej yog txhua yam rau nws - phooj ywg tiag tiag, thuam, kws kho mob. Anna Ilyinichna ua lub luag haujlwm hauv lub neej ntawm tus kws sau ntawv, qhov tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees: tej zaum, yog tias tsis muaj nws txoj kev pab thiab kev txhawb nqa, Biryukov yuav tsis dhau los ua txoj hauv kev uas txhua tus paub nws.

Tus kws sau ntawv thawj zaug, lub npe "Nyob Ua Teb", thawj zaug luam tawm xyoo 1938 hauv phau ntawv xov xwm "Lub Kaum Hli".

Lub sijhawm Tsov Rog Loj Loj, Nikolai Biryukov tau tsim ntau zaj dab neeg uas nws piav qhia txog kev ua siab loj thiab kev ua yeeb yam ntawm nws cov phooj ywg - "Ua ntej ua pa ntawm kev tuag", "Lavxias qhov muag", "Suab nkauj hauv hav zoov" thiab lwm yam.

Thaum kawg ntawm kev tsov rog, Biryukov tus thib ob tshiab "Lub Seagull" tau luam tawm, uas tau los ua qhov nrov tshaj plaws ntawm txhua tus kws sau ntawv.

In 1949 Nikolai Biryukov phau ntawv tom ntej "The Waters of Naryn" tau luam tawm. Tus sau zaj dab neeg kawg, Los ntawm Kev Ua Phem Cuab Yeej, tau luam tawm xyoo 1959.

Nikolai Biryukov tuag ntxov - thaum muaj hnub nyoog 53. Nws tuag thaum Lub Ib Hlis 31, 1966 hauv Simferopol, qhov chaw nws siv sijhawm 10 xyoo dhau los.

Bibliography. Prose

Tus kws sau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws yog Seagull, uas Biryukov ua haujlwm los ntawm 1942 txog 1945. Nws mob siab rau Elizaveta Ivanovna Chaikina, 23-xyoo-laus cov neeg koom siab uas raug tua los ntawm Germans thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 23, 1941 vim tsis kam muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qhov chaw nyob ntawm ib pawg neeg tawm tsam.

nikolai biryukov kws sau paj lug
nikolai biryukov kws sau paj lug

Nws yog Chaikina uas tau los ua tus qauv ntawm tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Ekaterina Volgina - lub siab tawvib tug communist thiab ib tug tiag tiag patriot ntawm nws Fatherland.

Tus tshiab "Lub Seagull" yog ib tug neeg sawv cev ntawm ib hom ntawv ntawm socialist realism. Ntau tus neeg sau ntawv tau sib cav hais tias cov duab ntawm cov neeg koom nrog Chaikina hauv txoj haujlwm no yog qhov ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab nce mus rau kev coj noj coj ua, thiab cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia tsis zoo ib yam li txhua yam nyob hauv kev muaj tiag. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias qhov no, qhov tshiab tsis dhau los ua kev txaus siab thiab txaus siab. Zaj dab neeg ntawm ib tug neeg siab dawb siab zoo tau muab txhais ua 42 yam lus.

Nikolai Biryukov thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Nikolai Biryukov thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Lwm qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm Nikolai Biryukov yog "Cov Dej Naryn", uas qhia txog keeb kwm ntawm kev tsim kho ntawm Great Fergana Canal. Kaum tawm txhiab tus neeg ua haujlwm los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb ntawm Uzbekistan tau koom nrog kev tsim kho lub kwj dej no.

paj huam

Raws li tus kws sau paj huam, Nikolai Biryukov tsis muaj npe nrov li tus kws sau ntawv. Nws sau paj huam tsis tshua muaj thiab feem ntau tsuas yog thaum pib ntawm nws txoj haujlwm muaj tswv yim.

Ib qho ntawm Biryukov cov paj huam nrov tshaj plaws - "Tsis muaj kev suav yeej!", tsim xyoo 1932. Lwm yam ntawm nws cov paj huam tau luam tawm ib ntus hauv ntau qhov kev tshaj tawm.

Tus Sau Ntawv Khoom Plig thiab Khoom Plig

Thawj tus kws sau ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig rau nws rau kev yeej All-Union Sib Tw rau Cov Tub Ntxhais Hluas xyoo 1932.

Xyoo 1947, Biryukov tau los ua ib tus neeg nyob hauv Moscow uas tau txais khoom plig rau hnub tseem ceeb ntawm lub nroog 800 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, lub sijhawm no cov khoom plig no tau raug tshem tawm ntawm lub xeev cov khoom plig.

Xyoo 1951, Nikolai Biryukov tau txais khoom plig Stalindegree thib peb rau ib qho tshiab txog txoj hmoo ntawm Elizaveta Chaikina. Nws kuj tau txais qhov Order ntawm Red Banner of Labor thiab Badge of Honour.

2 xyoos tom qab tus kws sau ntawv tas sim neej, nws tau txais txiaj ntsig tom qab Nikolai Ostrovsky nqi zog.

Nco txog Nikolai Biryukov

Biryukov siv sijhawm 7 xyoo dhau los ntawm nws lub neej hauv Y alta. Tam sim no, lub tsev uas tus kws sau ntawv nyob thiab ua haujlwm tau hloov mus ua lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv sau cia thiab nco txog, uas yog ib ceg ntawm Y alta Historical thiab Literary Museum. Tus thawj coj ntawm kev tsim lub tsev haujlwm no yog tus poj niam ntawm Nikolai Biryukov - Anna Ilyinichna.

Nikolai biryukov sau ntawv
Nikolai biryukov sau ntawv

Ib txoj hauv kev ntawm nws lub nroog Orekhovo-Zuevo thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv zos No. 20, qhov twg lub bust ntawm Biryukov raug ntsia, kuj muaj npe tom qab tus kws sau ntawv.

Lub Yim Hli 14, 1977 hauv Crimea, Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh nrhiav pom lub hnub qub No. 2477, uas tom qab ntawd hu ua Biryukov.

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