2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
F. Chopin, uas nws biography yog lub ntsiab lus ntawm peb kev sib tham hnub no, yog ib tug txawj sau ntawv Polish thiab pianist. Frederick yug lub Peb Hlis 1, 1810 hauv ib lub nroog ze Warsaw. Tus tub lub suab paj nruag txuj ci tshwm sim nws tus kheej thaum yau: twb thaum muaj hnub nyoog rau rau xyoo nws ua si piano zoo siab, sim sau nkauj rau nws tus kheej. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qhov no tau ua los ntawm nws tus kws qhia, V. Zhivny.
Kawm thiab pib ntawm txoj kev
Thaum Frederick muaj 8 xyoo, nws tau ua nws thawj zaug rau pej xeem ua pianist. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, Chopin, uas nws biography raws li ib tug composer pib heev thaum ntxov, twb tau sau ob peb polonaise daim thiab ib tug ntawm nws marches.
Los ntawm 1823 txog 1826, Frederic tau kawm ntawm Warsaw Lyceum, tom qab ntawd nws tau tswj hwm mus rau Warsaw High School of Music. Yuav luag txhua lub sijhawm no, nws tus kws qhia yog Y. Elsner, tus kws qhia txuj ci thiab kws ntaus nkauj. Nws yog nrog nws kev pab uas Chopin tau sau nws thawj cov haujlwm loj, suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ntsiab lus los ntawm Mozart, Sonata 1, Nocturne E minor, Rondo (xws li Rondo rau ob lub pianos).
Tom qab kawm tiav, Frederick mus rau Vienna (1829), qhov chaw nws ua nws txoj haujlwm rau pej xeem. Thiab ib xyoos tom qab hauv Warsaw rau nwsnpaj ib qho kev hais kwv txhiaj ywj pheej, uas yog qhov pib ntawm kev ua yeeb yam solo.
Vienna lub sijhawm
Ntxiv F. Chopin, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm tseem yog qhov kev kawm los ntawm ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, tsiv mus rau Vienna (1830-1831). Ntawm no, lub neej cia li pib npau taws ib ncig ntawm nws: tus tub ntxhais hluas composer tsis tu ncua mus koom ntau yam concerts, tau paub nrog lub luminaries ntawm lub ntiaj teb no suab paj nruag ntawm lub sij hawm, mus xyuas theaters, tsis tu ncua mus saib lub picturesque ib ncig ntawm lub nroog. Ib puag ncig zoo li no tso cai rau nws nthuav tawm nws lub peev xwm los ntawm lub kaum ntse ntse tshiab thiab txhawb nws rau ntau yam haujlwm zoo nkauj. Autumn 1831 ntsib Frederick hauv Stuttgart. Nws nyob ntawm no tias nws tau dhau los ntawm cov xov xwm ntawm kev ua tsis tiav ntawm kev tawm tsam hauv tebchaws Poland thiab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm Warsaw. Txaus siab heev los ntawm cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai, tus kws sau ntawv sau tom qab hu ua "revolutionary" etude hauv C me, nrog rau ob qho kev tsis txaus ntseeg preludes - D minor thiab A me. Cov npe ntawm nws tej hauj lwm kuj muaj xws li ob peb concertos rau piano thiab orchestra, ib tug polonaise rau cello thiab piano, Polish nkauj rau cov lus ntawm Mickiewicz thiab Witwicki thiab ntau lwm yam zoo nkauj compositions.
Bubbling lub neej nyob Paris
theem tseem ceeb tom ntej uas Frederic Chopin, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm tau tso nws cov cim tseg ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Vienna, tab tom dhau mus yog lub neej hauv Paris. Nws nyob ntawm no tias tus kws sau nkauj thiab kws ntaus suab paj nruag pib sib txuas lus nrog Liszt, Bellini, Berlioz, Mendelssohn. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub voj voog ntawm kev sib cuag tsis txwv rau lub suab paj nruag. Tsis tas li ntawd, Frederic zoo siab los sib tham nrogtxawj sau ntawv thiab masters ntawm txhuam - Hugo, Balzac, Lamartine, Heine, Delacroix, J. Sand. Thaum Lub Ob Hlis 26, 1832, tus kws sau nkauj thawj zaug tau tshwm sim hauv Paris, thaum nws ua yeeb yam rau ob lub piano, nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ntsiab lus ntawm Mozart's Don Giovanni.
Ntau qhov kev hais kwv txhiaj tau tshwm sim xyoo 1833-1835. Tab sis lub sij hawm los ntawm 1836 mus rau 1837 tau txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv lub composer tus kheej lub neej: kev koom tes nrog Maria Vodzinskaya raug txiav, thiab Chopin nws tus kheej los ua nyob ze rau J. Sand.
"Golden" lub sijhawm hauv keeb kwm ntawm Chopin lub tswv yim
Lub paj siab tshaj plaws ntawm Chopin lub tswv yim yog 1838-1846. Nws cov haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws tau sau rau lub sijhawm no. Ntawm lawv yog sonatas No. 2 thiab No. 3, ballads, polonaise-fantasy, scherzos, nocturnes, barcarolles, polonaises, preludes, mazurkas, thiab lwm yam Frederick, raws li txoj cai, siv lub caij ntuj no hauv nws tus hlub Paris, thiab tsiv mus rau Nohant. rau lub caij ntuj sov, George Sand vaj tse. Tsuas yog ib lub caij ntuj no (1838-1839) Chopin raug yuam kom siv nyob rau sab qab teb, hauv Mallorca, vim nws txoj kev noj qab haus huv tsis zoo. Thaum nyob rau hauv ib lub teb chaws Mev, nws tau tswj kom ua tiav 24 preludes ntxiv.
xyoo kawg ntawm lub neej
Tsib Hlis 1844 tau dhau los ua qhov nyuaj rau tus kws sau ntawv - nws yog thaum ntawd nws txiv tuag, thiab Frederick coj nws txoj kev tuag hnyav heev. Kev tawg nrog J. Sand (1847), txoj kev hlub ntawm nws lub neej, thaum kawg ua rau nws lub zog poob qis. Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 16, 1848, thaum yav tsaus ntuj Polish, uas tau tshwm sim hauv London, Chopin, uas nws biography tseem zoo siab rau lub siab, ua rau lub sijhawm kawg. Tom qab lub xeev nokev noj qab haus huv tsis pub nws ua lossis koom nrog cov tub ntxhais kawm. Thaum lub caij ntuj no xyoo 1849, Frederick thaum kawg coj nws lub txaj. Tsis muaj kev saib xyuas ntawm cov phooj ywg tiag tiag, lossis txawm tias tuaj txog hauv Paris ntawm Ludovika, tus kws sau nkauj tus muam tus hlub, tuaj yeem txo nws txoj kev txom nyem, thiab tom qab mob hnyav, nws tuag. Nws tshwm sim rau lub Kaum Hlis 17, 1849.
Txog tam sim no, qhov kev pab cuam uas Frederic Chopin tau ua rau kev tsim kho suab paj nruag tseem muaj nuj nqis tiag tiag. Biography luv luv, tau kawg, tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia txhua lub sijhawm zoo siab ntawm nws lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau tus neeg sau keeb kwm tau sim qhia tag nrho txoj hauv kev ntawm tus cwj pwm txawv tshaj plaw no kom raug thiab nthuav dav li sai tau. Ntawm lawv yog I. Khitrik, A. Solovtsov, L. Sinyaver, L. A. Mazel.
Pom zoo:
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Lavxias teb sab kws ua yeeb yam ntawm xyoo pua 18th. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paintings ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th los ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntxias
Pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting. Iconography ploj mus rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias ntawm xyoo pua 18th pib ua tus tswv ntau yam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo thiab lawv cov haujlwm
Tus kws sau ntawv twg tau sau phau ntawv tshaj plaws? Leej twg sau cov lus tshaj plaws?
Kev ntaus nqi ntawm cov kws sau ntawv los ntawm cov phau ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau. Thiab tseem yog tus kws sau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb, uas tsis yog tus kws sau ntawv hauv qhov kev nkag siab ib txwm
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
Tus kws sau ntawv ntawm xyoo pua 19th ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm kev sib hlub
Thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th - pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th, xws li kev ua yeeb yam zoo li romanticism tshwm sim. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, tib neeg ua npau suav ntawm lub ntiaj teb zoo tagnrho thiab "dhia" hauv kev npau suav. Qhov style no pom nws qhov vivid thiab figurative embodiment hauv suab paj nruag