Tus sau John Bunyan: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

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Tus sau John Bunyan: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
Tus sau John Bunyan: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Tus sau John Bunyan: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

Video: Tus sau John Bunyan: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb
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Anonim

John Bunyan yog tus kws sau ntawv Askiv nto moo ntawm lub xyoo pua 17th. Kuj hu ua Baptist preacher. Nws tshwj xeeb tshaj yog revered los ntawm Anglican Communion. Nws txoj hauj lwm uas paub zoo tshaj plaws yog Pilgrim's Progress to Heavenland, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Askiv kev cai dab qhuas.

Tus sau phau ntawv keeb kwm

Biography ntawm John Bunyan
Biography ntawm John Bunyan

John Bunyan yug hauv 1628. Nws yug hauv lub nroog Harrowden hauv ib tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm. Tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tau txais kev kawm tau ob peb xyoos, ces pib pab nws txiv hauv kev lag luam tin.

Thaum nws muaj 16 xyoo, John Bunyan niam thiab ob tug viv ncaus tuag, thiab nws txiv nrhiav tau tus poj niam thib peb. Thaj, vim yog nws niam, nws txiav txim siab tawm ntawm nws txiv lub tsev, thiab mus ua tub rog. Thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb pib, nws tau ua haujlwm hauv tub ceev xwm hauv Newport.

Vera Bunyan

Phau ntawv los ntawm John Bunyan
Phau ntawv los ntawm John Bunyan

Tom qab yeej ntawm cov neeg txhawb nqa ntawm Parliament, John Bunyan rov qab mus ua lag luam. Tsis ntev nws ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej. Nyob rau hauv 1649 nwsyuav niam yau Mary. Nws cov khoom plig tsis yog nplua nuj, tab sis tseem ceeb heev hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm John Bunyan. Cov no yog ob phau ntawv - Kev Xyaum Kev Ntseeg los ntawm Lewis Bailey thiab Txoj Kev rau Lub Vaj Kaj Siab ntawm Tib Neeg los ntawm Arthur Dent. Lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau nws, ua rau nws ua rau lub neej pious.

Tom qab hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm, nws tau lees paub tias nws tau coj lub neej tsis txaus ntseeg thaum nws tseem hluas, tab sis tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab hloov. Hais txog kev txhaum, nws hais txog kev seev cev thiab hais lus thuam.

Ua ib tug txiv neej pious zuj zus, Bunyan ua rau lub cev thiab lub hlwb deranged vim yog tej kev txhaum uas nws ua thaum nws tseem hluas. Nws tus kheej yog ib tug neeg ua kev cai raus dej, tsis pom zoo nrog cov lus qhia ntawm Quakers, uas nws tau thuam nws cov ntawv sau.

Kev raug kaw

Kev ua haujlwm ntawm John Bunyan
Kev ua haujlwm ntawm John Bunyan

Ua ib tus neeg sib tw nquag ntawm Quakers, Bunyan tau txais koob meej uas npau taws ntau nyob ib puag ncig nws. Piv txwv li, nws raug liam tias yog Yexus, ib tug neeg txawj ntse thiab tub sab. Thaum nws muaj 30 xyoo, nws raug ntes vim nws tshaj tawm tsis muaj ntawv tso cai. Tiamsis qhov no tsis tau tso nws tseg, tsis ntev nws tso nws tseg, nws tseem tshaj tawm mus txog lub Kaum Ib Hlis 1660, thaum nws raug kaw hauv lub tsev kaw neeg hauv lub nroog.

Kev tsim txom ntawm tus kws sau ntawv hnyav zuj zus thaum Kev Txhim Kho ntawm huab tais los ntawm Charles II tshwm sim. Lub teb chaws rov qab los rau Anglicanism, cov tsev thov Vajtswv raug kaw txhua qhov chaw. Rau cov lus qhuab qhia txuas ntxiv mus, nws raug kaw thawj zaug rau 3 lub hlis, thiab lub sijhawm no tau nce mus rau 12.

Thaum pib xyoo 1661, nws raug kaw vim nws tsis kam mus koom kev yuamtom qab ntawd cov kev pabcuam hauv Anglican pawg ntseeg, nrog rau kev tshaj tawm ntawm cov rooj sib tham hauv av.

Pilgrim's Progress

Duab "Pilgrim's Progress"
Duab "Pilgrim's Progress"

Nws tau nyob hauv kev kaw tseg tias Bunyan pib sau nws txoj haujlwm nto moo tshaj plaws, Txoj Kev Pilgrim Txoj Kev Txhim Kho. Qee cov kws tshawb fawb txhais lub npe no ua "Pilgrim's Way".

John Bunyan's Pilgrim's Progress yog thawj zaug luam tawm xyoo 1678. Rau xyoo tom qab, qhov thib ob tawm los. Nws ntseeg tias qhov no yog ib qho ntawm cov npe nrov tshaj plaws, rau cov Protestants nws yog phau ntawv thib ob tom qab phau Vajlugkub. Bunyan tseem yog tus kws sau ntawv muaj txiaj ntsig, txuas ntxiv ua tus kws tshaj lij uas muaj npe nrov thaum tseem tshuav kev ntseeg puritan.

Ib yam tseem ceeb ntawm phau ntawv no los ntawm John Bunyan yog tus sau lub tswv yim kos cov cim thiab cov xwm txheej uas zoo li paub zoo rau cov neeg nyeem, nws zoo li nws tau ntsib txhua yam no, nco ntsoov thiab paub.. Nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, cov tshiab muaj ntau witty lom zem, lus Askiv idioms, narration yog heev eloquent. Thiab cov duab uas tus kws sau ntawv John Bunyan siv yog coj los ntawm nws ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, Evangelist yog John Gifford, Marsh of Despair yog ib qho chaw swampy ze nws lub tsev, nyob rau hauv lub Pleasant Roob - ib qho kev sib tham rau lub Chiltern Hills, nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Bedfordshire.

zaj dab neeg tshiab

John Bunyan cov dab neeg
John Bunyan cov dab neeg

Ntuj tshiab muab faib ua ob ntu. Thawj zaug, tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb, tus neeg nyob hauv Lub Nroog Kev Puas Tsuaj, nkag siab tias nws yuav tuag yog tias nws nyob hauv tsev thiab raug yuam kom tawm mus. Hauv qhov thib obNov yog tsev neeg, nws tus poj niam thiab cov menyuam, tau txais kev caw mus rau Saum Ntuj Ceeb Tsheej Av.

Ntawm cov cim, yuav tsum tau cais tawm cov ntseeg (tus cwj pwm tseem ceeb), Evangelist (tus neeg uas qhia nws txoj kev), Cov Neeg tawv ncauj thiab ua raws (cov neeg nyob hauv Lub Nroog Kev Puas Tsuaj), cov Ntiaj Teb Sage (nws qhia txoj kev dag rau cov ntseeg), tus txhais lus (tus pov thawj ntawm kev mus ncig) thiab ntau lwm tus.

Biography, ua hauj lwm ntawm John Bunyan nyiam coob tus neeg tshawb fawb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv Askiv. Tom qab tag nrho, nyob rau hauv tas li ntawd, nws yog ib tug neeg txawj sau ntawv heev. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws sau txog 60 tej hauj lwm.

Phau ntawv thib ob nrov tshaj plaws ntawm nws yog "Kev Tsov Rog ntawm Ntsuj Plig", uas yog qhov ua tiav zoo ib yam li "Pilgrim's Progress". Tsis tas li, cov kws tshawb fawb qhia txog nws cov dab neeg "Christian thiab nws cov menyuam", "Christian yog tus Cawm Seej zoo tshaj plaws".

Liberation

Tus kws sau ntawv John Bunyan
Tus kws sau ntawv John Bunyan

Bunyan tau khiav tawm ntawm lub sijhawm luv luv hauv 1666. Nws tsuas yog siv ob peb lub lis piam sab nraum tsev loj cuj, thiab tom qab ntawd raug ntes dua vim tsis raug cai qhuab qhia.

Nyob hauv tsev lojcuj, nws tseem tshaj tawm txoj xov zoo thiab pib xaws khau khiab los txhawb nws tsev neeg. Nws tej khoom txom nyem heev. Cov no yog ob peb phau ntawv, ib lub raj nplaim, uas nws tus kheej ua los ntawm txhais ceg ntawm lub rooj zaum, thiab ib lub violin tin. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws muaj yuav luag tsis txwv cov ntawv thiab cwj mem. Lub siab xav sau thiab ua suab paj nruag los ua lub hauv paus ntawm nws txoj kev ntseeg purtanical.

Tsuas yog xyoo 1672, thaum Charles II tau tshaj tawm Txoj Cai Kev Zam Txim, puas Bunyan thaum kawgtso tawm. Nws yuav luag tam sim ntawd los ua ib tug xibhwb ntawm St. Paul lub Koom Txoos. Thiab ob peb xyoos tom qab ntawd nws tau txais daim ntawv tso cai thawj zaug hauv nws lub neej los tshaj tawm txoj cai tshiab. Bunyan txawm tsim lub tsev thov Vajtswv, tsim lub zej zog tsis sib haum xeeb los ntawm nws cov parishioners uas tau khaws lawv txoj kev ntseeg siab. Tus naj npawb ntawm pab yaj mus txog plaub txhiab tus neeg hauv Bedford ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, nws nrhiav tau txog 30 lub zej zog kev ntseeg, tau txais los ntawm nws cov parishioners lub npe nrov npe ntawm "Npis Sov Banyan".

Tab sis nws nyob tsis tau ntev. Nyob rau hauv 1675, nws rov pom nws tus kheej tom qab tuav vim nws cov lus qhuab qhia, vim Charles II tshem tawm txoj cai ntawm kev cai dab qhuas. Lub sijhawm no, Quakers tab tom nrhiav kev tso tawm, uas muab vajntxwv ib daim ntawv nrog cov npe ntawm cov neeg raug kaw lawv thov kom zam txim. Yog li ntawd, tom qab rau lub hlis nws raug tso tawm, thiab txij li thaum nws tau nrov heev, nws tsis raug ntes lawm.

Xyoo 1688, Bunyan mus rau Kev Nyeem Ntawv los daws kev sib cav ntawm nws tus tub thiab leej txiv. Ntawm txoj kev, nws mob khaub thuas. Nws ua npaws. Thaum Lub Yim Hli 31, nws tuag hauv tsev ntawm nws tus phooj ywg John Strudwick, uas yog tus tswm ciab thiab khoom noj khoom haus. Ib tug xibhwb thiab tus kws sau ntawv Askiv nto moo tau raug faus rau hauv Bunhill Fields Cemetery hauv London.

Ntau tus Puritans tom qab ntawd qhia hauv lawv lub siab xav tias lawv xav muab faus ze rau Bunyan lub qhov ntxa li sai tau. Nyob rau hauv 1682, ib tug pej thuam recumbent tau tsa dua lub ntxa. Ntau tus neeg tawm tsam Askiv tseem raug faus ib sab ntawm tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm - Daniel Defoe, George Fox thiab ntau lwm tus.

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