Tus sau xov xwm thiab sau ntawv Tom Wolfe: biography, muaj tswv yim thiab nthuav qhov tseeb

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Ib tug neeg nyob deb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no yuav muaj lus nug: Wolfe Tom yog leej twg?. Tab sis cov neeg nyeem siab ntev tau paub ntev txog qhov kev hais lus no thiab kev sau xov xwm zoo, ua tsaug rau nws cov ntawv tshiab thiab cov phau ntawv tsis muaj tseeb. Tus kws sau ntawv txoj kev txhim kho li cas?

tsev neeg thiab menyuam yaus

Tom Wolfe yug Lub Peb Hlis 2, 1931 hauv Richmond, Virginia. Leej txiv ntawm tus sau yav tom ntej yog ib tug kws tshaj lij ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb. Nws tau tshawb fawb, sau cov ntawv tshawb fawb thiab nrov hauv cov ntawv xov xwm. Niam yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv kho mob. Tom qab yug nws tus tub, nws tawm nws txoj kev kawm.

Tom thaum yau yog qhov zoo rau Asmeskas: tsev kawm ntawv, kev ua kis las. Tshwj tsis yog tus tub nyeem ntau tshaj nws cov phooj ywg. Txij thaum yau, Tom tau txiav txim siab ua haujlwm - nws xav ua tus kws sau ntawv nkaus xwb. Twb tau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9 xyoo nws ua nws thawj zaug los sau ib phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Napoleon. Tom qab ntawd nws tsim ib phau ntawv nrog nws tus kheej cov duab piav qhia txog lub neej ntawm Mozart. Thaum kawm ntawm Episcopal School. St. Christopher, nws dhau los ua tus editor ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm hauv zos. Nws pib ua si football thaum nws tseem hluas. Nrog sijhawmtus txiv neej yuav loj hlob mus rau ib tug semi-professional pab koomtes.

Kev Kawm

Tom qab kawm ntawv, Wolfe Tom nkag mus hauv University of Washington thiab Lee hauv Lexington. Thaum xyoo kawm ntawv, nws tau koom nrog kev tshaj tawm ntawm Shenandoah magazine. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv tsev kawm ntawv, Wolfe tab tom kawm hauv Yale University, qhov chaw nws tau txais kev kawm tiav qib siab hauv Asmeskas Kev Kawm. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm nws cov lus tshaj tawm yog "Cov Neeg Communist Cov Neeg Asmeskas Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv 1927-42". Nws yog heev polemical thiab txawm txaus ntshai. Thiab nws tau qhia tias Wolfe npaj txhij rau txoj haujlwm ntawm tus neeg sau xov xwm. Tom qab kev tiv thaiv, nws tau ua ntau qhov kev thov los txuas ntxiv nws txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb, tab sis nws nco qab nws tus npau suav. Nws txoj kev kawm tsuas yog lwm qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm txoj kev mus rau nws txoj hmoo. Nws ib txwm xav ua ib tug neeg sau xov xwm thiab los ua ib tug.

Thawj kauj ruam hauv kev sau xov xwm

Wolf Tom ua rau nws thawj qhov kev paub hauv kev tshaj lij tshaj lij ua tub ntxhais kawm. Xyoo 1956, nws pib ua haujlwm rau Republican, me ntsis. Tom qab kawm tiav, nws lees txais qhov kev lees paub los ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm hauv Massachusetts - Springfield Union, qhov chaw nws yuav ua haujlwm rau peb xyoos. Tom qab ntawd, nws raug hu mus rau Washington Post. Ntawm no nws ua tiav nws thawj qhov kev vam meej. Nyob rau hauv cov ntawv xov xwm no, nws tau sau 315 cov ntaub ntawv uas nws honed thiab zoo li nws tom qab nto moo "baroque" style ntawm kev sau.

Thaum nws pib sim ua lus thiab nthuav tawm. Nws cov style tshiab yog tsim los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm kev sib tw. Rau nws kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov xwm txheej tshwm sim hauv tebchaws Cuba, Woolf tau txais txiaj ntsigNqi zog ntawm Guild of Periodical Press Publishers. Cov npoj yaig tau sau tseg nws rau kev lom zem hauv cov ntaub ntawv sau, nrog rau kev sim ua tiav nrog kev suav nrog cov txheej txheem tsis tseeb hauv cov ntawv sau xov xwm. Wolfe tus kws sau keeb kwm keeb kwm, James Rosen, tau hu nws cov style "hnub kawg kev sau xov xwm," tag nrho ntawm cov lus stinging thiab kev tawm tswv yim. Cov paib no tau dhau los ua cov cim lag luam ntawm tus neeg sau xov xwm.

Lub Neej Hauv New York

Xyoo 1962, Tom Wolfe tau tsiv mus rau New York ntawm kev caw ntawm New York Herald Tribune. Ntawm no nws tsom ntsoov rau nws txoj kev xav txog lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv zej zog. Tus txiv neej zoo siab kawm txog "kev ua neej nyob" ntawm Asmeskas haiv neeg, ntseeg tias nws yog los ntawm lawv txoj kev nkag siab tias ib tus tuaj yeem nkag mus rau ob qho tib si keeb kwm thiab tag nrho cov laj thawj ntawm cov xwm txheej niaj hnub no. Kev txhim kho sai sai ntawm cov neeg sau xov xwm tshiab yuav luag cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tawm tsam ntev ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawv xov xwm. Tab sis tus editor-in-chief ntawm Esquire magazine - Byron Doubell - pom ib txoj kev tawm ntawm qhov teeb meem no. Nws xa Tom los ua cov lus tshaj tawm txog kev txhawb nqa tsheb los ntawm California. Yog li, poob nthav, Wolfe tus muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws tau tshwm sim, ua rau nws nto moo.

New Journalism

Hauv kab lus no peb tab tom sim nkag siab tias Tom Wolfe yog leej twg. Biography, cov phau ntawv, tshuaj xyuas, quotes los ntawm cov ntawv yuav pab qhib cov neeg tuaj saib ntawm no nthuav. Nws cov lus tau dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus tiag tiag. Lawv nkag mus rau cov lus hais ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Asmeskas nyiam cov lus tshaj tawm. Wolfe nws tus kheej nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, ua haujlwm ntawm tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Esquire cov ntawv xov xwm, yog li ntawd nws tau sau tseg.commissioned series ntawm cov ntaub ntawv qhia tag nrho cov phau ntawv. Tsis paub yuav ua li cas nrog cov ntawv nyeem zoo li no, nws tsuas yog xa mus rau Byron Doubell. Nws, tau nyeem cov ntaub ntawv, pom tau hais tias nws yuav yog blasphemy los hloov nws mus rau hauv ib tug standard journalistic ntawv nyeem. Thiab nws ua ib tug series ntawm tus sau cov lus ceeb toom tawm ntawm nws, uas nws luam tawm nyob rau hauv ob peb qhov teeb meem ntawm nws magazine. Qee cov ntaub ntawv tau luam tawm hauv New York Magazine thiab ob peb lwm phau ntawv xov xwm.

Tom qab, cov ntawv no tau luam tawm tag nrho hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib phau ntawv cais nrog lub npe zoo siab: "Candy-coloured txiv kab ntxwv-petal streamlined me nyuam." Cov ntawv tshaj tawm tau dhau los ua poj koob yawm txwv ntawm ib hom ntawv tshiab, uas cov kws tshawb fawb hu ua "kev sau xov xwm tshiab". Nws sau cov duab kos thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub neej niaj hnub hauv Asmeskas. Nws tus phab ej yog cov hnub qub ntawm kev ua lag luam, kev ua kis las, kev lag luam zam, nrog rau cov neeg nplua nuj, tawm tsam, hippies thiab punks. Xws li ib tug social profile tso cai rau cov neeg sau xov xwm pom lub neej ntawm lub teb chaws nyob rau hauv tag nrho nws ntau haiv neeg thiab contradictions. Rau ib hlis, phau ntawv tiv thaiv 4 cov ntawv sau ntxiv - yog li stunning yog nws txoj kev vam meej. Nws tau dhau los ua cov lus qhia tiag tiag rau Asmeskas niaj hnub no. Tom Wolfe pom nws txoj hauv kev thiab nws cov style hauv kev sau xov xwm. Thiab ces nws tsiv mus rau qhov kev taw qhia. Xyoo 1973, Wolfe, nrog rau cov npoj yaig, luam tawm ib qho kev tshaj tawm ntawm "kev sau xov xwm tshiab", uas tau sau cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm cov xov xwm niaj hnub no.

Keeb Kwm Literary

Wolf Tom, uas nws phau ntawv keeb kwm luv luv tuaj yeem piav qhia hauv ob lo lus - "tus kws sau ntawv thiab tus neeg sau xov xwm", ib txwm siv zog los tsim tsis yog cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm nkaus xwb, tab sisNws yog ib tug documentary ua hauj lwm. Nyob rau hauv ib lub niche pom thiab nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb, nws sau phau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws txog lub sijhawm tam sim no: "Electric Cooling Acid Test". Nws lub hom phiaj yog los kawm thiab piav qhia txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ntseeg ntawm tus kws sau ntawv Ken Kesey. Tab sis, thaum kawg, nws tau hloov mus rau hauv ib qho kev ntsuam xyuas txawv ntawm cov kab lis kev cai niaj hnub thiab Asmeskas haiv neeg. Txhawm rau sau cov khoom tsim nyog, tus neeg sau xov xwm tau siv sijhawm ib hlis hauv Merry Pranksters zej zog, uas tau xyaum "kev nthuav dav ntawm kev nco qab" nrog kev pab ntawm cov tshuaj psychotropic. Nws kuj tau sau ntau yam ntaub ntawv ntxiv hauv daim duab, kev xam phaj, suab thiab video kaw. Phau ntawv tau luam tawm xyoo 1968. Nws tau ncaj qha mus rau cov npe muag khoom zoo tshaj plaws. Phau ntawv tom qab ntawd tau raug hu ua ib qho ntawm 100 Cov Ntawv Zoo Tshaj Plaws hauv Asmeskas Kev Sau Xov Xwm ntawm 20th Century los ntawm New York University Institute of Journalism.

Txhua xyoo ntawm nws txoj haujlwm ua tus sau xov xwm, tus txiv neej yeej ib txwm ua npau suav zais kev sau ntawv tshiab. Thiab nyob rau hauv 1987 lub ntiaj teb no tau kawm txog tus tshiab Tom Wolfe - ib tug kws sau ntawv. Nws tso tawm qhov tshiab "Bonfires ntawm Vanities", uas qhia txog lub neej tseeb ntawm New York. Cov ntawv tshaj tawm feem ntau hu ua txoj haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus neeg sau xov xwm thiab kws sau ntawv npe hu ua Tom Wolfe. Tus sau phau ntawv, sau tom qab, feem ntau rov ua tiav ntawm thawj qhov tshiab thiab txawm tias dhau nws, tab sis lawv tsis tsim cov txiaj ntsig zoo li no lawm. Thaum nws lub neej ntev, Tom Wolfe tau sau plaub zaj dab neeg, xya phau ntawv tsis tseeb thiab tsib phau ntawv sau. Thiab niaj hnub no, txawm tias nws muaj hnub nyoog dhau los, tus kws sau ntawv tseem ua haujlwm rau plaub txoj haujlwm ntawm kev kos duab. Thiab, tej zaum, tsis ntev nws cov ntaub ntawv yuav nthuav dav.

Awards

rau lawv ntau xyooWoolf txoj haujlwm tau rov qab tau txais ntau yam khoom plig. Nyob rau hauv nws lub nra - lub puav pheej ntawm National Book Fund, kev koom tes nyob rau hauv lub prestigious Jeffersonian qhuab qhia thiab ntau yam khoom plig. suav nrog Publishers Guild Award, National Institute of Arts thiab Culture Awards, Don Passos Award thiab Ambassador.

Tom Wolfe thiab xinesmas

Tus sau phau ntawv nrov heev uas Hollywood tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej lawv. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb tej hauj lwm tau ua yeeb yaj kiab: cov ntawv sau "The Last American Hero" (1973), luam tawm "Guys Right" (1983). Cov tshiab "Bonfires ntawm Ambition" kuj tau tos rau nws incarnation ntawm lub screen - tus naas ej thawj coj Brian de Palma tau txais lub creation ntawm zaj duab xis. Starring Tom Hanks, Melanie Griffith thiab Bruce Willis. Cov ntawv sau rau txhua daim kab xev tau sau los ntawm Wolfe nws tus kheej. Tam sim no ob daim duab ntxiv raws li cov haujlwm ntawm Tom tau tsim tawm.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Tus neeg sau xov xwm, uas nws cov haujlwm tsis tu ncua pom, tab tom sim zais cov ntsiab lus ntawm nws tus kheej lub neej. Txawm li cas los xij, nws paub tias xyoo 1978 nws tau sib yuav tus thawj coj kos duab ntawm lub npe nrov Harper's Magazine, Sheila Berger. Nkawd muaj ob tug me nyuam. Niaj hnub no, Wolf ob peb tseem nyob hauv New York. Tus poj niam yeej ib txwm nkag siab tias nws tus txiv xav tau kev saib xyuas thiab kev txhawb nqa. Nws ib txwm yog nws qhov kev ntseeg siab tom qab.

Ntxhais kawm biography tseeb

Tus kws sau ntawv Wolfe Tom tau nyiam los ntawm cov hnub nyoog ntxov nrog qee qhov kev ua tsis zoo. Yog li, txawm thaum kaj ntug ntawm nws cov neeg sau xov xwmhauj lwm, nws ib txwm tshwm sim nyob rau hauv pej xeem nyob rau hauv ib tug snow-dawb suits. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov no tau los ua nws lub cim lag luam tiag. Nws tau raug thuam ntau dua ib zaug rau "nyem" kev txais tos los ntawm Mark Twain, tab sis nws tsuas yog chuckles hauv cov lus teb. Los ntawm txoj kev, Tom Wolfe yog hu ua tus kws sau ntawv nto moo tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Meskas. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, nws yog ib tug ntawm kaum tus kws sau ntawv tau nyiaj ntau tshaj plaws hauv Asmeskas.