Hais txog tus kws sau paj huam Mark Lisyansky

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

YMark Samoilovich Lisyansky (1913-1993) - Lavxias teb sab kws sau paj lug thiab songwriter. Ib tug ntawm cov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab revered paj huam ntawm lub Soviet era. Nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm peb yuav luv luv nyob rau hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Lisyansky, tham txog nws cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, ob qho tib si ntawm cov tsos ntawm zaj nkauj nto moo txog Moscow yuav raug txiav txim siab.

pib taug kev

Tus kws sau paj lug yav tom ntej tau yug los rau lub Ib Hlis 13, 1913 (Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 31, 1912 raws li cov qauv qub) hauv lub nroog Odessa. Nws txiv yog ib tug yooj yim chaw nres nkoj loader. Mark tau txais nws txoj kev kawm nyob rau hauv Nikolaev nyob rau hauv ib tug ntawm cov FZU - ib tug xya-xyoo-laus Hoobkas xyaum kawm ntawv. Tus tub thawj zaj paj huam tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1924 nyob rau hauv cov nplooj ntawv ntawm Krasny Nikolaev ntawv xov xwm. Nws tau mob siab rau V. I. Lenin

Young Mark Lisyansky pib nws txoj haujlwm hauv tib lub nroog, ntawm lub chaw tsim khoom nkoj hauv zos, paub txog cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm tinsmith thiab nkoj cim. Tab sis nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov 30s, nws txoj hmoo tau hloov loj heev - Lisyansky los ua ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv ntawm Moscow lub koom haum ntawm Journalism. Tom qab kawm tiav nws pib ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub Kyiv, thiab ces nyob rau hauv lub IvanovoPhau ntawv xov xwm editorial offices.

Ntxiv mus, txoj hmoo txuas nrog tus tub hluas nrog Yaroslavl - kev ua tub rog uas nws raug hu, Lisyansky dhau los hauv lub nroog no, thiab tseem nyob ntawd tom qab demobilization. Nws ua haujlwm ua tus sau xov xwm rau cov ntawv xov xwm hluas hauv zos, qee zaus tau tshaj tawm cov paj huam ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv zos, koom nrog VKPb.

Thawj phau ntawm Mark Lisyansky - "Lub Ntug Dej" - tau tso tawm hauv ib qho me me rau lub sijhawm ntawd thiab tau luam tawm xyoo 1940. Nws tsis mus unnoticed - Yaroslav Smelyakov teb nrog kev qhuas qhuas ntawm nws tso tawm hauv Literaturnaya Gazeta.

Thaum tsov rog

Mark Lisyansky tuaj yeem nyob tom qab - hauv xyoo 1941 nws tau tso siab rau cov haujlwm hauv cheeb tsam ntawm Pawg Neeg Sau Ntawv ntawm USSR, tab sis tus tub hluas tau kos npe ua haujlwm pub dawb. Nws tau txib kom tshem tawm cov sappers, tab sis nyob rau hauv 1941 nws tau los nyob rau hauv bombardment nyob rau hauv lub Smolensk cheeb tsam, yog lub plhaub-shocked, tsoo nws ob txhais ceg thiab ces raug kho nyob rau hauv lub tsev kho mob Yaroslavl. Thaum lub sij hawm Lisyansky raug tso tawm, cov tub rog twb sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau sab nrauv ntawm Moscow. Nws yog ib lub sij hawm nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab tu siab tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv Great Patriotic War.

Rov qab mus rau nws pawg, hla dhau lub nroog pem hauv ntej, uas tsis ntev dhau los ua lub peev ntse ntse, tus kws sau paj huam hluas tau sau zaj paj huam nto moo "Kuv Moscow".

Vim tias mob hnyav heev, Lisyansky tsis tuaj yeem tawm tsam ntxiv lawm, yog li nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus neeg sau xov xwm mus rau qhov chaw kho mob ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm faib tawm. Yog li ntawd, tus kws sau paj lug txuas ntxiv nws txoj haujlwm ua ib tus neeg sau xov xwm tshwj xeeb rau qhov no thiab lwm yam kev tshaj tawm. Ua ke nrog 43rd Army, Mark Lisyansky thiab nws tus poj niam, uas ua hauj lwm raws li ib tug xov tooj cua xov tooj cua thiab proofreader,tau nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Prussia thiab Pomerania, thiab ua haujlwm hauv tebchaws Poland.

Mark Lisyansky yog tus tuav ntawm Orders of the Red Star, Order of the Patriotic War thiab ntau yam khoom plig.

Post-war period

Tom qab kev yeej, thaum nkawm niam txiv tau tsiv mus nyob hauv Moscow, sau paj huam los ntawm Mark Lisyansky pib tshwm: "Kuv Golden Moscow", "Tshaj lub Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav, Caij Nplooj Ntoos Hlav", "Tshaj Roob, Tshaj Tawm Hav Zoov".

Tus kws sau paj huam nyob thiab ua haujlwm hauv Moscow, paub ntau tus kws sau ntawv thiab sau ntawv, nws cov neeg kawm - Mikhail Svetlov, Lev Oshanin, Tamara Zhirmunskaya, Evgeny Dolmatovsky thiab lwm tus. Cov xyoo ntawd zaj nkauj Vladimir Troshin, Muslim Magomaev, Eduard Khil, Yuri Bogatikov thiab lwm tus ua yeeb yam ntawm nqe lus ntawm Mark Lisyansky los ntawm Soviet theem.

Raws li kev ua tsaug rau kev ua haujlwm ntev thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, tus kws sau paj huam tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm tsoomfwv.

YMark Samoilovich Lisyansky tuag hauv 1993. Nws lub ntxa nyob ntawm Vagankovsky tojntxas.

Kuv golden Moscow

Mark Lisyansky immortalized nws lub npe nyob rau hauv keeb kwm raws li tus sau ntawm cov lus ntawm "Santhem ntawm Moscow". Muaj tseeb, zaj nkauj tau pom zoo raws li lub suab nkauj tsuas yog hauv xyoo 1995, tab sis nyob rau hauv Soviet lub sij hawm nws tseem yog ib qho ntawm cov nyiam tshaj plaws thiab feem ntau ua ob qho tib si los ntawm theem thiab ntawm cov neeg. Ntawm no, kom paub meej, yog qhov paub zoo pib tawg ntawm nws cov ntawv:

Kuv tau mus thoob ntiaj teb ntau heev, Nws nyob hauv qhov khawb av, hauv qhov trenches, hauv taiga, faus ob zaugciaj sia, Kev sib cais, hlub hauv kev nyuaj siab.

Tab sis kuv tau zoo siab rau Moscow

Thiab txhua qhov chaw kuv rov hais dua cov lus:

Kuv lub peev, Kuv Golden Moscow!

Zaj nkauj no tau ua ntau zaus los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam zoo nkauj xws li Zoya Rozhdestvenskaya, Mark Bernes, Lev Leshchenko, Iosif Kobzon, Lyudmila Zykina thiab ntau lwm tus neeg ua yeeb yam, suav nrog kev hu nkauj thiab cov koom txoos.

Nyob rau hauv luv luv, keeb kwm ntawm nws creation yog raws li nram no. Sau los ntawm Lisyansky xyoo 1941, paj huam txog Moscow tsuas yog luam tawm xyoo 1942 los ntawm Novy Mir magazine. Qhov no tshwm sim vim kev khiav tawm ntawm lub chaw kho mob hauv Kuibyshev.

Rov qab mus rau pawg, Lisyansky tau muab cov ntawv nyeem rau cov neeg nyiam ua yeeb yam hauv zos. Lawv sai sai ua ib zaj nkauj tawm ntawm nws, muab verses rau ib tug yooj yim, uncomplicated melody. Tab sis nyob rau hauv 1942, Isaak Dunayevsky nws tus kheej, tau nyeem cov paj huam nyob rau hauv lub "Lub Ntiaj Teb Tshiab", tau txais kev tshoov siab thiab sau suab paj nruag (tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntawv sau los ntawm nws ncaj qha rau ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm cov ntawv xov xwm). Txij li thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem tiv tauj Lisyansky, nws nug tus kws tshaj lij suab paj nruag Sergei Agranyan los kho cov ntawv nyeem. Nws ntxiv ob peb stanzas ntxiv - thiab zaj nkauj tau npaj. Nws tau mob siab rau ib nrab rau kev ua tub rog hauv lub neej niaj hnub, yog li nws cov ntawv tau ntxiv thiab kho ob peb zaug hauv lub sijhawm muaj kev thaj yeeb.

Thawj zaug, zaj nkauj tau ua los ntawm tus neeg hu nkauj Marina Babialo nrog ib pawg ua los ntawm Dunayevsky - thawj zaug tau tshwm sim ntawm Central House of Culture of Railway Workers. Tom qab ntawd, ua yeeb yam los ntawm tib pab pawg suab paj nruag, zaj nkauj yeej suab ntawm ib qho ntawm tsoomfwvconcerts, Stalin nyiam nws, thiab tsis ntev cov ntaub ntawv gramophone raug tso tawm. Yav dhau los, Pawg Xov Tooj Cua tau thov rov hloov pauv cov ntawv nyeem, yog li cov lus hais txog Stalin tau tshwm sim hauv nws:

Hla Moscow hauv qhov ci ntsa iab ntawm lub yeeb koob

Hnub ntawm peb yeej yuav sawv.

Nyob zoo lub nroog Hwjchim ci ntsa iab, Peb tus hlub Stalin nyob qhov twg…

Raws lwm version…

Muaj cov ntaub ntawv hais tias thawj zaug ntawm zaj paj huam "Kuv tau mus ncig thoob ntiaj teb ntau …" yog sau los ntawm Sergei Agranyan. Nws qhia nws rau tus kws sau paj huam Mark Lisyansky, uas tau dhau los ntawm Moscow. Tom liam tias nyiam nws thiab, tau kho nws, tam sim ntawd muab rau Dunayevsky kom nws sau nkauj.

Txawm tias nws muaj tseeb lossis tsis yog, tsis muaj qhov tsis ntseeg tias cov lus hauv qab no ntawm "cov ntawv xov xwm" tau ntxiv los ntawm Agranyan ntawm kev thov ntawm Dunayevsky.

Kev tsis sib haum xeeb txog kev sau ntawv tseem muaj sijhawm ntev heev, txog thaum kawg ntawm lub rooj sib tham ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm ntawm Moscow ceg ntawm Cov Neeg Sau Ntawv hauv 1965 kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev sau ntawv tau dhau los. Ntawd yog, raws li lub official version, cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm zaj nkauj yog ob - Mark Lisyansky thiab Sergey Agranyan. Pom tau tias, qhov no yog qhov tsis tshua muaj nyob hauv paj huam thaum cov kws sau ntawv ua haujlwm ntawm ib zaj paj huam tsis qhia ib leeg.