Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich - artist, txiv, xib fwb

Cov txheej txheem:

Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich - artist, txiv, xib fwb
Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich - artist, txiv, xib fwb

Video: Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich - artist, txiv, xib fwb

Video: Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich - artist, txiv, xib fwb
Video: Русский художник Иванов Андрей Иванович 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Dab tsi lossis leej twg yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tshwm sim thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus neeg muaj peev xwm? Kev vam meej ntawm noob neej, kev loj hlob zoo, lossis ib tus kws qhia paub zoo uas pom qhov "txoj kev ntawm Vajtswv" nyob rau lub sijhawm? Los yog tej zaum nws yog ib lub caij nyoog los yog muaj hmoo coincidence uas pab ignite cov nplaim ntawm txuj ci?

Nyeem phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Andrei Ivanovich Ivanov, zoo li txoj hmoo tsis tau muab sijhawm rau nws los ua lub neej zoo li no. Tab sis nws tshwm sim, thiab nws paub nws tus kheej zoo kawg nkaus li ib tug kws kos duab, thiab raws li ib tug txiv, thiab ua ib tug xib fwb.

tub huabtais kev cai raus dej
tub huabtais kev cai raus dej

Tau me nyuam

Ib tug tub "tsis muaj tsev neeg lossis pab pawg", tus menyuam ntsuag nrhiav los ntawm lub tsev menyuam ntsuag hauv Moscow. Nws yuav xav li cas, ua neej zoo li cas npau suav txog? Hnub no peb yuav tsis paub. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 18th, nws tsis yog ib txwm ua kom khaws txhua hnub diaries lossis blogs. Ua tsaug rau cov kws qhia ntawv lossis cov kws qhia ntawv uas pom qhov kev ntshaw rau kev zoo nkauj thiab kev muaj peev xwm ua yeeb yam hauv lawv cov tub ntxhais kawm rau xyoo. Ua tsaug rau qhov no Ivanov Andrei Ivanovich nyob rau hauv 1782 raug xa mus kawm nyob rau hauv lub Academy of Arts.

Kev kawm thiab kev pab hauv lub peev tau them los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas. Kaum tsib xyoos ntawm kev kawmCov kev taw qhia ntawm ib tug zoo kawg nkaus xib fwb, tus tsim ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem keeb kwm painting nyob rau hauv Russia, Grigory Ivanovich Ugryumov, tsis nyob rau hauv vain. Tus kws pleev xim rau siab rau mloog nws thiab lwm tus cob qhia, cov uas yog Gabriel-Francois Doyen, tus thawj coj ntawm chav kawm keeb kwm.

Kev ua haujlwm. Ups and downs

Cov txuj ci ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas ua yeeb yam tau txais kev tshaj lij thiab kev lees paub rau pej xeem nyob rau hauv nws cov tub ntxhais kawm hnub. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 19 - ib qho khoom plig nyiaj, thawj qhov khoom plig, ntawm 21 - ib qho khoom plig kub rau thawj daim duab loj "Noah, tom qab tawm hauv lub nkoj, ua kev txi rau Vajtswv." Txij li thaum 1798 - tus kws qhia ntawv puv sijhawm ntawm Academy, txij li xyoo 1802 nws tau ua tus xibfwb qhia ntawv ntxiv. Nws dhau los ua kev kawm tom qab kos duab "Adas thiab Eva nrog cov menyuam hauv qab tsob ntoo ntawm kev paub tom qab raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub vaj kaj siab", qhov no tshwm sim hauv 1803. Kev muaj tswv yim nplua nuj thiab kev qhia qhia, ua rau pej xeem lees paub, txuas ntxiv mus txog 1830.

"Kev tuag ntawm General Kulnev", raws li cov xwm txheej tiag tiag, tsis ua raws li Emperor Nicholas I. Qhov kev tsis txaus siab siab tshaj plaws tau ua raws li raug yuam tawm ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm ib tug tswv cuab ntawm Academy of Arts. Mob siab rau thiab intrigues nyob rau hauv tag nrho viav vias nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no muaj tswv yim, nyob rau tib lub sij hawm raws li Ivanov, lwm tus xibfwb ntawm lub academy raug tso tseg, nrog rau cov rector S. S. Pimenov. Kev npau taws ntawm tus huab tais tsuas yog ib qho laj thawj rau kev tshem tawm ntawm cov kws qhia qub tshaj plaws. Kev pabcuam pej xeem yog ib yam ntawm yav dhau los, thiab kaum yim xyoo ntxiv ntawm lub neej muaj tswv yim zoo nyob tom ntej.

cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob hauv Kiev
cov tub ntxhais hluas nyob hauv Kiev

Creativity

Obcov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb tseem yog lub ntsiab rau tus kws kos duab ntawm txoj kev muaj tswv yim. Cov keeb kwm ntawm Russia, thaum ub thiab niaj hnub, nrog rau cov dab neeg hauv phau npaiv npaum tau tshwm sim hauv cov duab nto moo tshaj plaws los ntawm Andrei Ivanovich Ivanov.

Hom kev kos duab keeb kwm yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev sib xyaw kom zoo, cov txheej txheem ua kom zoo ntawm cov roj pleev xim thiab lub tsev kawm ntawv theem siab ntawm kev kos duab. Nyob rau hauv lub unspoken hierarchy ntawm ib hom ntawv, keeb kwm painting dominated.

A. A. Pisarev tau tsim ib daim ntawv teev cov ntsiab lus keeb kwm pom zoo rau kev qhia txog kev kos duab thiab luam tawm lawv li ib phau ntawv cais "Cov khoom rau Artist". Ivanov Andrei Ivanovich, paub tseeb tias, tau paub txog txoj haujlwm no thiab siv cov phiaj xwm los ntawm nws hauv nws txoj haujlwm.

duab rau iconostasis
duab rau iconostasis

Txiv thiab Tub

Nws tsis yog ntau zaus uas lub neej muaj tswv yim zoo nrog rau kev zoo siab hauv tsev neeg. Hauv qhov no, txhua yam sib npaug. Nyob rau hauv 1800 Ivanov Andrei Ivanovich sib yuav Ekaterina Ivanovna, nee Demert. Nws tau los ua tus kws kos duab tus poj niam, nws muse, thiab ua qauv rau cov poj niam cov cim hauv nws cov duab. Ntau tshaj li plaub xyoo caum ntawm kev hlub thiab kev sib haum xeeb, ib puag ncig ntawm cov menyuam yaus - qhov no tsis yog muab rau txhua tus.

Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov yog tus tub hlob, tus txais txiaj ntsig tsis yog rau lub npe xwb, tab sis kuj tseem muaj peev xwm ua yeeb yam ntawm nws txiv. Pom qhov muaj peev xwm thiab mob siab rau kev kos duab, Ivanov Sr. tso cai rau tus tub muaj hnub nyoog 12 xyoos tuaj koom tsis raug cai mus kawm kos duab hauv tsev kawm ntawv. Lub npe nrov npe tsis yog tsuas yog pab thiab muaj cib fim xwb, tab sis kuj muaj kev khib thiab kev liam ntawm kev tiv thaiv niam txiv. Qhov no yog li cas tam sim no, thiab nws yog tib yam thaum kaj ntug ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Qhov yuav tsum tau ua pov thawj ntawm tus kheejQhov tseem ceeb thiab kev mob siab rau tsev neeg txiav txim siab tag nrho txoj kev muaj tswv yim ntawm Alexander Andreevich. Qhia thiab txhawb nqa nws tus tub, Andrei Ivanovich tsis muaj sij hawm los saib lub ntsiab hauj lwm ntawm nws lub neej - lub painting "Lub Appearance ntawm Tswv Yexus rau cov neeg."

Sergei Andreevich Ivanov tau yug los tsis ntev ua ntej nws txiv tawm haujlwm, thaum nws tus tij laug twb tau txais khoom plig thiab diplomas rau nws txoj haujlwm. Tam sim no tag nrho cov txuj ci pedagogical ntawm tus qub xib fwb tsom rau nws tus tub yau. Nws thawj sketches ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv tau txais txiaj ntsig, tab sis Sergei Andreevich xaiv nws txoj hauv kev thiab mus rau chav kawm architecture. Cov kws qhia ntawv nco txog nws qhov kev nkag siab txawv txawv ntawm daim ntawv yas. Ua tus pab K. A. Ton, nws koom nrog kev tsim kho lub Cathedral ntawm Tswv Yexus tus Cawm Seej.

Qhov kev yeej ntawm Andrei Ivanov nyiam cov tub ntxhais kawm, Karl Bryullov, tuaj nyob rau hauv lub xyoo nyuaj ntawm nws tshem tawm ntawm lub academy. Karl Pavlovich tsis yog tsuas yog ib tug neeg pleev kob ci ntsa iab, tab sis kuj yog ib tus tub ntxhais kawm ua tsaug. Lub paj laurel, nthuav tawm rau nws rau cov kev pabcuam zoo, nws tau tshaj tawm rau lub taub hau ntawm nws tus kws qhia kev txaj muag thaum lub sijhawm ntawd.

Tub huabtais Pozharsky
Tub huabtais Pozharsky

Miraculous Monument

Yuav ua li cas sau lub neej? Dab tsi yog qhov tseem ceeb, dab tsi yog theem nrab? Kaum ob ntawm cov duab, qee qhov tau ploj mus, tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm cov neeg niaj hnub. Kawm lawv, ntau tshaj li ib tiam neeg pleev kob tau loj hlob.

Cov menyuam muaj peev xwm thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm tau zoo uas tau tso lub cim tseem ceeb hauv kev kos duab hauv tsev thiab hauv ntiaj teb. Tuag rau xyoo 1848. Tsis paub qhov chaw faus neeg.

Pom zoo: