Ode yog ib hom paj huam tshwj xeeb

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

Dab tsi yog ode? Lo lus no Ameslikas muaj lub ntsiab lus no: paj huam lyrical, ua los ntawm pawg hu nkauj thiab suab paj nruag. Odes nyob rau hauv Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws tsis txawv nyob rau hauv ib tug nyias muaj nyias ib hom ntawv nyeem poetic. Lo lus no txhais tau tias "nqe". Cov kws sau ntawv Ancient tau muab faib ua peb pawg tseem ceeb: seev cev, deplorable thiab laudatory. Ode yog ib hom kev qhia ntawm kev xav, uas feem ntau tau siv los ntawm cov duab ci ntsa iab ntawm qub txeeg qub teg li Pindar thiab Horace.

Thawj tus sau epikinias - nkauj qhuas rau wrestlers uas yeej nyob rau hauv arena. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov paj huam zoo li no yog tswj hwm tus cwj pwm ntawm cov neeg sib tw. Lawv cov yam ntxwv yog hais txog grandiloquence, solemnity thiab nplua nuj hais lus ornamentation. Pindar's ode feem ntau yog ib zaj paj huam nyuaj-rau-pom zoo nrog cov kev hloov pauv uas tsis muaj kev txhawb nqa. Tom qab qee lub sij hawm, cov paj huam zoo li no rov ua tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb "eloquence" thiab tau pom tias yog kev qhuas. Tus kws sau Roman Horace thaum kawg tawm ntawm "kev tsis sib haum xeeb" tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm Greek Pindar. Nwssau tsis muaj grandiloquence, nyob rau hauv ib tug style nkag siab rau txhua leej txhua tus, tej zaum nrog ib tug admixture ntawm irony. Nws cov paj huam feem ntau hais rau ib tus neeg tshwj xeeb. Zoo li qhov no yog kev sim ntxias ib tus neeg hauv daim ntawv poetic.

Ode raws li ib hom paj huam tom qab lub caij nplooj zeeg ntawm kab lis kev cai qub, tom qab kev puas tsuaj ntawm Roman faj tim teb chaws, tsis nco qab lawm ntev. Lawv rov qab mus rau nws twb nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance, uas yog vim lub siab xav rau classicism. Tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws sau ntawv ntawm XVII-XVIII centuries thiab Antiquity. Piv txwv li, cov kws sau paj lug Greek thaum ub hu nkauj lawv cov odes, feem ntau nrog cov suab paj nruag thiab choreographic accompaniment. Thiab cov kws sau paj lug ntawm 17th-18th centuries tsuas yog sau thiab nyeem lawv. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li cov kws sau ntawv thaum ub, lawv tig mus rau lub suab paj nruag - lyre, txawm hais tias lawv tsis tuav nws txhais tes, rau cov vajtswv Apollo, Zeus, tab sis, ib txwm, tsis ntseeg lawv lub neej. Yog li, cov kws sau paj huam ntawm Renaissance tau nyob hauv ntau txoj hauv kev coj ua. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj ntau yam kev xav thiab kev xav nyob rau hauv lub odes ntawm ancient Greek paj huam. Glorifying cov yeej, lawv tsis hnov qab qhuas lawv cov phooj ywg thiab cov poj koob yawm txwv. Qhov no tsis txaus rau cov neeg sau nkauj Lavxias thiab European.

Qhov kev zoo siab uas lawv tau hais yog feem ntau yog dag. Yog li, peb tuaj yeem hais tias, piv txwv li, Lomonosov's ode tsuas yog kev coj ua ntawm cov classics, thiab tsis yog kev xav ntawm nws. Qhov no kuj tau sau tseg los ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Dmitriev, uas thuam cov haujlwm no hauv nws qhov kev xav Alien Sense.

Nyob rau hauv lub Renaissance, ib qho ode feem ntau yog ib nqe hu uaex alt rulers los yog generals. Ntxiv nrog rau Russia, hom ntawv no tau dhau los ua thoob plaws hauv ntau lub tebchaws nyob sab Europe. Xws li cov paj huam feem ntau yog ntev, pompous. Piv txwv li, qhov no yog "Ode to the Accession to the Throne of Elizabeth", sau los ntawm Lomonosov.

Lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov paj huam no tsis tau sau ntxiv lawm siv cov khoom siv dag zog. Ploj mus yog qhov kev thov tsis muaj nuj nqis rau lyre thiab Olympian vajtswv. Nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm, ib tug ode tsis yog ib phau ntawv satiated nrog grandiloquent thiab flattering kab lus, tab sis ib tug natural qhia ntawm tiag tiag delight. Lo lus nws tus kheej tam sim no tsis tshua siv. Es tsis txhob "ode" poets feem ntau hais "xav", "hymn" los yog "song".