2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Txoj hmoo ntawm tus kws sau paj huam Annensky Inokenty Fedorovich (1855-1909) yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv nws hom. Nws luam tawm nws thawj phau ntawv sau paj huam (thiab tib lub sijhawm nws lub neej) thaum muaj hnub nyoog 49 xyoo nyob rau hauv lub npe Nick. T-o.
Tus kws sau paj lug thaum xub thawj tau mus sau phau ntawv "Los ntawm Qhov tsua ntawm Polyphemus" thiab xaiv lub npe Utis, uas txhais tau tias "tsis muaj leej twg" hauv Greek (Odysseus qhia nws tus kheej rau Cyclops Polyphemus). Tom qab ntawd lub collection hu ua "Quiet Songs". Alexander Blok, uas tsis paub leej twg yog tus sau phau ntawv, suav tias yog qhov tsis qhia npe tsis ntseeg. Nws tau sau tias tus kws sau paj huam zoo li faus nws lub ntsej muag hauv qab lub npog ntsej muag uas ua rau nws poob ntawm ntau phau ntawv. Tej zaum, hauv qhov tsis meej pem me ntsis no, ib tus yuav tsum nrhiav "kev mob siab rau" ntau dhau lawm?
Keeb kwm ntawm tus kws sau paj lug, thaum ntxov xyoo
Tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej yug hauv Omsk. Nws niam nws txiv (saib daim duab hauv qab no) sai sai no tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg. Innokenty Annensky nyob rau hauv nws phau ntawv keeb kwm qhia tias nws thaum yau dhau mus nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig uas tus tswv tsev thiab bureaucratic ntsiab tau ua ke. Txij li thaum nws tseem hluas nws nyiam kawm ntawv thiab keeb kwm, muaj kev tawm tsam rau txhua yambanal-clear thiab elementary.
nqe thib ib
Innokenty Annensky pib sau paj huam thaum ntxov. Txij li thaum lub tswv yim ntawm "symbolism" tseem tsis tau paub rau nws hauv xyoo 1870, nws suav tias nws tus kheej yog mystic. Annensky tau nyiam los ntawm "kev cai dab qhuas" ntawm B. E. Murillo, tus kws kos duab Spanish xyoo pua 17th. Nws sim "tsim hom ntawv no nrog cov lus".
Tus kws sau ntawv hluas, ua raws li nws tus tij laug cov lus qhia, uas yog ib tus kws tshaj lij tshaj lij thiab kws tshaj lij (N. F. Annensky), txiav txim siab tias nws tsis tsim nyog tshaj tawm ua ntej hnub nyoog 30 xyoo. Yog li ntawd, nws cov kev sim poetic tsis tau npaj rau kev tshaj tawm. Innokenty Annensky tau sau paj huam los ua kom nws cov kev txawj ntse thiab tshaj tawm nws tus kheej tias nws yog ib tug kws sau paj huam paub tab.
kawm ntawv qib siab
Kev kawm txog keeb kwm yav dhau los thiab cov lus qub hauv tsev kawm ntawv xyoo rau ib lub sijhawm hloov sau ntawv. Raws li Innokenty Annensky tau lees paub, lub sijhawm xyoo no nws tau sau tsis muaj dab tsi tab sis kev tshaj tawm. "Pedagogical-administrative" kev ua haujlwm pib tom qab tsev kawm ntawv qib siab. Nyob rau hauv kev xav ntawm cov phooj ywg antique scholars, nws distracted Innokenty Fedorovich los ntawm kev tshawb fawb. Thiab cov uas ua siab ntev rau nws zaj paj huam ntseeg hais tias nws cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj tswv yim.
Debut as thuam
Innokenty Annensky tau ua nws thawj zaug hauv kev luam tawm raws li kev thuam. Nws luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1880s thiab 1890s ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov khoom mob siab rau feem ntau rau Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th. Xyoo 1906, thawj "Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog" tau tshwm sim, thiab xyoo 1909, thib ob. Qhov no yog ib phau ntawm kev thuam, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm nws cov impressionistickev xaav, Wilde's subjectivism thiab associative-figurative moods. Innokenty Fedorovich tau hais ntxiv tias nws tsuas yog tus nyeem ntawv xwb, thiab tsis yog tus neeg thuam txhua.
Kev txhais lus Fabkis cov kws sau paj huam
Annensky tus kws sau paj huam suav tias yog Fab Kis Tus Cwj Pwm ua nws cov thawj coj, uas nws txaus siab txhais ntau. Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhawb nqa cov lus, nws kuj pom lawv cov txiaj ntsig hauv kev ua kom zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, nyob rau hauv uas lawv nce qhov ntsuas ntawm kev ua yeeb yam. Ib ntu tseem ceeb ntawm Annensky thawj sau paj huam tau ua los ntawm kev txhais lus ntawm Fabkis cov kws sau paj huam. Ntawm cov Russians, Innokenty Fedorovich nyob ze rau K. D. Balmont, uas aroused reverence nyob rau hauv tus sau ntawm Quiet Songs. Annensky txaus siab rau lub suab paj nruag thiab "kev hloov pauv tshiab" ntawm nws cov lus paj huam.
Tshaj tawm hauv xovxwm tus cim
Innokenty Annensky coj lub neej kev sau ntawv tsis zoo. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawm kev tawm tsam thiab cua daj cua dub, nws tsis tiv thaiv txoj cai kom muaj nyob ntawm "tshiab" kos duab. Annensky tsis tau koom nrog kev sib cav sib ceg hauv lub cim ntxiv.
Los ntawm 1906, thawj cov ntawv tshaj tawm ntawm Innokenty Fedorovich hauv cov ntawv xov xwm cim (cov ntawv xov xwm "Pass") muaj. Qhov tseeb, nws txoj kev nkag mus rau hauv ib puag ncig tus cim tau tshwm sim tsuas yog xyoo tas los ntawm nws lub neej.
xyoo tshiab
Tus neeg thuam thiab kws sau paj huam Innokenty Annensky tau hais lus qhuab qhia ntawm Poetry Academy. Nws kuj yog ib tug tswv cuab ntawm "Society of Zealots of the Artistic Word", uas ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv journal"Apollo". Ntawm nplooj ntawv ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm no, Annensky tau luam tawm ib tsab xov xwm uas tuaj yeem hu ua programmatic - "Nyob rau niaj hnub Lyricism".
Postthumous cult, "Cypress Casket"
Wide resonance in symbolist circles tau tshwm sim los ntawm nws tam sim ntawd tuag. Innokenty Annensky tuag ntawm Tsarskoye Selo railway chaw nres tsheb. Nws biography xaus, tab sis nws muaj tswv yim destiny tom qab nws tuag tau tsim ntxiv. Ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas kws sau paj lug ze rau "Apollo" (feem ntau ntawm cov acmeist orientation, uas reproached Symbolists rau lawv inattention rau Annensky), nws posthumous cult pib coj zoo. 4 lub hlis tom qab kev tuag ntawm Innokenty Fedorovich, qhov thib ob sau ntawm nws cov paj huam tau luam tawm. Tus kws sau paj huam tus tub, V. I. Annensky-Krivich, uas tau los ua nws tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm, tus kws tshaj lij thiab tus kws sau ntawv, ua tiav qhov kev npaj ntawm Cypress Casket (cov ntawv sau tau muaj npe vim tias Annensky cov ntawv sau tau khaws cia hauv lub thawv cypress). Yog vim li cas thiaj ntseeg tias nws tsis ua raws li tus sau lub siab nyiam ntawm nws txiv lub sijhawm.
Innokenty Annensky, uas nws cov paj huam tsis nrov heev thaum nws lub neej, tau txais koob meej zoo nrog kev tso tawm ntawm "Lub Cypress Casket". Blok tau sau tias phau ntawv no nkag mus tob rau hauv lub siab thiab piav qhia ntau yam txog nws tus kheej. Bryusov, uas yav tas los tau mloog rau "tshiab" ntawm cov lus, kev sib piv, epithets, thiab txawm tsuas yog cov lus uas tau xaiv nyob rau hauv lub collection Quiet Songs, twb tau sau tseg raws li ib tug undoubted kom zoo dua lub impossibility ntawm twv ob lo lus los ntawm Innokenty Fedorovich.cov stanzas tom ntej no raws li thawj ob nqe lus thiab qhov kawg ntawm txoj haujlwm raws li nws pib. Krivich nyob rau hauv 1923 luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub collections ntawm "Lub Posthumous Poems ntawm nyob rau hauv. Annensky", cov seem ntawm tus kws sau paj lug.
Originality
Nws lub suab nkauj yog ib tug txiv neej daws qhov "kev ntxub ntxaug ntawm kev ua". Annensky ua tib zoo tshuaj xyuas "Kuv" ntawm tus neeg uas xav ua lub ntiaj teb tag nrho, nchuav, yaj hauv nws, thiab uas raug tsim txom los ntawm kev nco qab ntawm qhov kawg uas tsis muaj kev cia siab, kev cia siab nyob ib leeg thiab tsis muaj lub hom phiaj.
Annensky cov paj huam tau muab qhov tshwj xeeb originality los ntawm "sly irony". Raws li V. Bryusov, nws tau los ua tus thib ob tus neeg ntawm Innokenty Fedorovich ua ib tug kws sau paj lug. Kev sau ntawv ntawm tus sau ntawm "Lub Cypress Casket" thiab "Quiet Songs" yog qhov kev xav zoo heev. Vyacheslav Ivanov hu ua associative symbolism. Annensky ntseeg hais tias paj huam tsis depict. Nws tsuas yog qhia rau tus nyeem ntawv txog tej yam uas tsis tuaj yeem hais hauv cov lus.
Hnub no, txoj haujlwm ntawm Inokenty Fedorovich tau txais koob meej zoo. Lub tsev kawm ntawv cov ntaub ntawv kawm suav nrog xws li ib tug kws sau paj lug xws li Innokenty Annensky. "Ntawm lub Ntiaj Teb", qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam uas tau muab rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv, tej zaum nws cov paj huam nto moo tshaj plaws. Peb kuj tau sau tseg tias ntxiv rau cov paj huam, nws tau sau plaub zaj yeeb yaj kiab hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm Euripides ntawm cov phiaj xwm ntawm nws txoj kev ploj tuag.
Pom zoo:
Lovecraft Howard Philips: cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev sau ntawv
Tsis paub zoo li cas hauv nws lub neej, zoo li ntau tus kws sau ntawv classic, niaj hnub no Lovecraft Howard Phillips tau dhau los ua ib qho kev ntseeg. Nws tau nto moo ob qho tib si ua tus tsim ntawm tag nrho pantheon ntawm deities, suav nrog tus kav ntiaj teb ntawm Cthulhu, nrov hauv xov xwm kab lis kev cai, thiab ua tus tsim ntawm kev ntseeg tshiab. Tab sis tsis muaj teeb meem loj npaum li cas yog qhov txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv nyeem uas Howard Lovecraft tau tsim, tus kws sau ntawv cov phau ntawv tau luam tawm tsuas yog tom qab nws tuag
Alexander Herzen: biography, cov cuab yeej cuab tam kev sau ntawv
A. I. Herzen yog ib tug thawj coj ntawm Lavxias teb sab socialists. Thawj thawj coj cov neeg sab hnub poob, tom qab ntawd nws tsis txaus siab nrog cov tswv yim ntawm European txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Russia, tsiv mus rau qhov chaw sib txawv thiab dhau los ua tus tsim ntawm cov pej xeem. Nws tau raug tsav, zoo li lwm cov neeg xav hauv Lavxias, los ntawm kev mob siab rau nrhiav txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tsim kev ncaj ncees thiab kev hlub rau nws cov neeg
Kev ua si betting tswv yim. Yeej-yeej kev ua si betting tswv yim
Kev ncaws pob betting. Kev ua si betting tswv yim. Cov lus pom zoo thiab cov lus qhia rau kev twv txiaj kis las. Sphere tsom xam. Koj puas tuaj yeem ua tau nyiaj tiag tiag ntawm kev twv txiaj kis las?
Voloshin Maximilian Alexandrovich: biography, muaj tswv yim cuab yeej cuab tam, koj tus kheej lub neej
Tus kws sau paj huam yav tom ntej yug hauv Kyiv xyoo 1877, lub Tsib Hlis 16 (28). Nws txiv yawg koob yog Zaporozhye Cossacks. Nyob rau ntawm leej niam, muaj Germans nyob rau hauv tsev neeg, Russified nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 17th. Maximilian raug tso tseg tsis muaj txiv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 3 xyoos. Thaum yau thiab cov hluas ntawm yav tom ntej kws sau paj lug dhau nyob rau hauv Moscow
Yuav ua li cas yeej ntawm kev twv txiaj kis las: cov tswv yim ua tau zoo tshaj plaws thiab yeej-yeej, cov lus qhia
Tseem muaj neeg twv txiaj ntau hauv ntiaj teb no. Txhua tus ntawm lawv ua tiav lawv cov kev xav tau rau adrenaline hauv lawv tus kheej txoj kev. Ib tug neeg ua si hauv twv txiaj yuam pov, ib tug neeg txaus siab ua si ntawm hippodrome. Ib feem pua ntawm cov neeg nyiam ua kis las nyiam tau txais lawv cov adrenaline los ntawm kev ua thawj koom ruam ntawm bookmakers. Puas yog nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, lossis nws puas tsim nyog rau kev txaus siab rau qhov kev cia siab tso rau ntawm lub club nyiam lossis tus neeg ncaws pob?
