2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Tus Sau Georgy Markov paub zoo rau cov neeg laus, cov neeg uas muaj kev nco txog lub sijhawm Soviet keeb kwm. Cov phau ntawv ntawm tus sau no puas txaus siab hnub no? Los yog nws puas nyob mus ib txhis nyob rau hauv Soviet era?
Qee qhov tseeb ntawm tus kws sau ntawv keeb kwm
Tus sau yav tom ntej Georgy Markov, uas nws biography yog nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev uas ib tug Soviet neeg, yug nyob rau hauv lub Plaub Hlis 1911 nyob rau hauv lub deb Siberian lub zos ntawm Novokuskovo, Tomsk xeev, nyob rau hauv lub tsev neeg ntawm ib tug neeg yos hav zoov taiga. Georgy Markov muaj peev xwm tau txais kev kawm, tawg mus rau hauv tib neeg, thiab thaum kawg pom qhov kev paub ntawm nws lub peev xwm muaj tswv yim tsuas yog ua tsaug rau cov kev hloov pauv uas tau tshwm sim hauv Russia xyoo 1917. Lub kiv puag ncig thiab lub hwj chim ntawm Soviet tau muab cov tub ntxhais hluas los ntawm cov hauv qab kawg rau kev nkag mus rau kev paub thiab kev kawm qib siab, uas ua rau nws muaj peev xwm nce qib kev sib raug zoo. Thiab Markov Georgy Mokeevich, tus kws sau ntawv nto moo Soviet los ntawm Siberian hinterland, yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov lus no.
Nws pib nws txoj hauv kev nrog cov haujlwm ntawm Komsomol tus neeg ua haujlwm nyob deb nroog. Qhov no tso cai rau kuv tsiv mus nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam nroog ntawm Tomsk thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv hauv zos nyob rau yav tsaus ntuj department. Tus kws sau ntawv yav tom ntej tau ua ke nws txoj kev kawm nrog Komsomol nquag thiab ua haujlwm hauv zej zog.
Editorialhnub ua hauj lwm
Nws tseem tsis paub tias vim li cas Georgy Markov yeej tsis ua tiav nws txoj kev kawm hauv Tomsk State University. Nws txoj kev mus rau cov ntaub ntawv zoo nteg los ntawm niaj hnub sau xov xwm thiab kev sau ntawv ua haujlwm hauv ntau lub sijhawm luam tawm hauv thaj chaw thaj tsam ntawm Western Siberia - Tomsk, Novosibirsk thiab Omsk. Tab sis nyob rau hauv parallel nrog kev sau xov xwm, Georgy Markov pib ua hauj lwm ntawm nws tus kheej tej hauj lwm. Nws thawj zaug luam tawm yog xyoo 1936. Tom qab nws, kev ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd pib ua haujlwm ntawm qhov ntim ntau, uas yav tom ntej yuav raug hu ua "Strogoffs". Tab sis txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tswv yim npaj ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas sau ntawv tau cuam tshuam los ntawm kev ua tsov ua rog. Los ntawm cov ntawv tshiab uas nws tau pib, nws tau tswj hwm luam tawm thawj tshooj, lawv tau luam tawm hauv Irkutsk cov ntawv nyeem ntawv xov xwm Tshiab Siberia.
Thaum tsov rog
Thaum thawj lub hli ua rog, tus kws sau ntawv raug sau rau hauv tub rog. Nws muaj sijhawm los ua haujlwm ntawm Trans-Baikal Front hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm tub rog xov xwm rau cov ntawv xov xwm "Nyob rau hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua". Cov lus txib tau txiav txim siab tias Georgy Markov, uas nws biography yuav luag tsis muaj dab tsi ua rau kev ua tub rog, yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua hauv kev sau ntawv thiab kev xav. Nws yog qhov xwm txheej no uas tso cai rau tus kws sau ntawv txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tsis tiav.
Thiab Trans-Baikal Front tau tawm tsam tawm tsam Kwantung Army tsuas yog thaum lub caij nplooj zeeg xyoo 1945. Thiab Georgy Markov tau koom nrog hauv nws cov ntsiab lus hauv kev swb ntawm Nyij Pooj hauv Manchuria. Tom qab ntawd, cov xwm txheej no yuav tshwm sim los ntawm nws nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawmKev sau ntawv thiab cov ntawv sau ua yeeb yaj kiab "Kev txiav txim: tsis txhob qhib hluav taws" thiab "Kev txiav txim: hla ciam teb". Nyob rau hauv 1943, Georgy Markov tau txais mus rau lub Union ntawm Soviet Writers. Thiab nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1945 nws tau demobilized los ntawm Soviet pab tub rog nrog qib loj.
The Strogoff novel
Nws feem ntau lees txais tias Georgy Markov (tus kws sau ntawv) pib nrog phau ntawv no. Thiab cov lus no yeej muaj tseeb. Tshaj qhov voluminous tshiab, uas qhia txog lub neej ntawm lub zos Siberian thaum lub sij hawm tsov rog pej xeem, Georgy Markov ua hauj lwm rau xya xyoo. Nws yuav yog ib qho exaggeration hais tias phau ntawv yog autobiographical, tab sis ntau ntawm nws qhov tseeb yog coj los ntawm tus kws sau ntawv los ntawm nws thaum yau hauv Tomsk taiga. Hauv nruab nrab ntawm zaj dab neeg yog cov xwm txheej ntawm kev ua tsov rog hauv pej xeem thiab txoj hmoo ntawm cov neeg ua liaj ua teb uas tab tom ua tsov rog rog nrog cov neeg dawb. Cov ntawv tshiab tau txais kev lees paub los ntawm cov neeg nyeem zoo tib yam thiab kev pom zoo ntawm kev sau ntawv thuam. Phau ntawv tau txais khoom plig Stalin.
Nyob rau hauv lub seventies, ib zaj yeeb yaj kiab TV yuav raug sau raws li nws lub hauv paus. Tom qab ua tiav ntawm Strogovs, Georgy Markov raug xaiv los ua tus tuav ntaub ntawv hauv Lub Koom Haum Sau Ntawv, uas tso cai rau nws tsiv tawm ntawm Irkutsk mus rau Moscow. Nyob rau hauv lub peev, tus kws sau ntawv tseem nquag ua haujlwm sau ntawv.
Socialist realism
Tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Georgy Markov yog qhov zoo sib xws rau tus qauv uas nyob rau hauv Soviet Union tau suav hais tias tsuas yog siv tau rau txhua yam kev tsim duab kos duab. Qhov no yog hu ua socialistrealism raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm tog ntsuj plig, ideology thiab haiv neeg. Tus neeg twg uas tsis kam tsim nyob rau hauv cov kev taw qhia no tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tshaj tawm thiab kev lees paub ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm nws txoj haujlwm. Thiab tom qab lub sijhawm no tau dhau mus rau yav dhau los, cov lus nug ntuj tshwm sim - yuav ua li cas cuam tshuam rau nws txoj haujlwm? Lawv puas muaj nqi txhua? Los yog lawv tsuas yog cov ntawv sau cia thiab cov khoom qub ntawm lawv lub sijhawm? Tau kawg, txhua tus muaj kev ywj pheej los muab lawv cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no. Tab sis rau ntau tus neeg sau ntawv Georgy Markov yog nyob mus ib txhis yav dhau los. Txawm li cas los xij, tej zaum nws yuav txaus siab rau cov neeg uas kawm txog keeb kwm ntawm Soviet era. Nws cov phau ntawv tuaj yeem pab nkag siab qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseeb.
Literary functionary
Lub sijhawm tom qab kev ua tsov rog ntau xyoo, tus kws sau ntawv Georgy Markov nquag ua haujlwm, luam tawm, thiab ua haujlwm ntau lub npe thiab pej xeem cov dej num. Nws yog ib tug neeg muaj hwj chim heev nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm lub Union of Writers ntawm lub USSR, nws lossi zaum nyob rau hauv ntau yam commissions, zaum ntawm ntau lub presidiums thiab congresses. Nws tau kos npe rau cov ntawv thiab daim ntawv thov, suav nrog cov uas tom qab nws txaj muag - rau txim rau Sakharov thiab Solzhenitsyn. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm perestroika, Markov Georgy Mokeevich tau tawm ntawm txhua tus ncej.
Pom zoo:
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