2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Cov duab ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws, zoo li lwm yam kev kos duab, yog nyob rau hauv tas li dependence rau kev cai dab qhuas kev cai, uas tau tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nws tshwj xeeb kev loj hlob, uas muaj ib tug cult cwj pwm. Kev lig kev cai, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nruj formalization, ua raws li qee qhov kev cai canonical lossis cov qauv kev kos duab uas tau tsim rov qab rau hauv lub sijhawm qub ntawm Lub Nceeg Vaj, thaum thawj thiab thib ob dynasties. Yog li, tib neeg daim duab tau piav qhia hauv profile (los yog theej, lub taub hau thiab lub cev qis - hauv profile, thiab ob lub qhov muag thiab lub xub pwg nyom - pem hauv ntej). Ntawm qhov tod tes, nws yuav tsum tau hais txog qhov siab ntawm realism uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov duab piav qhia ntawm cov khoom ntuj, kev ua liaj ua teb thiab lwm yam kev ua haujlwm ntawm tib neeg. Cov xim tseem ceeb siv los ntawm cov neeg Iyiv thaum ub yog dawb, liab, xiav, dub, daj, nyiaj thiab ntsuab.
Thaum saib ib sab nws yuav zoo li tias daim duab ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tseem tsis tau hloov pauv ntau txhiab xyoo, tab sis nws tsis yog. Nws evolved thiab hloov nyob ntawm seb yuav ua li cashaiv neeg evolved thiab hloov. Thiab txawm tias nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem nruj ntawm canonical art, qee lub tsev kawm kos duab thiab tus tswv tsev tau pom lawv cov tswv yim muaj tswv yim.
Feem ntau, cov duab ntawm tus neeg los ntawm qhov pom ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab qhov profile yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm Egyptian kos duab. Cov duab ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov duab nyuaj ntawm feem ntau ntawm cov cim qhia thiab qhov chaw ntawm tus neeg, uas tau nthuav dav ntau dua li cov duab ntawm ib qho kev tshwm sim tiag tiag, txij li lawv tau pab Ka (los yog ku), lub plhaub thib ob ntawm tus neeg, sawv cev nws lub zog ob lossis tus ntsuj plig-ob npaug thiab nyob hauv lub qhov ntxa, tsis paub tseeb txog tus neeg tuag thiab txav mus rau hauv nws. Yog li ntawd, lub portrait zoo li ib tug pictorial los yog sculptural duab yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev xav, lub mummy yuav tsum tau los ua ib tug haven rau Ka, tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm kev puas tsuaj, nws tsiv mus rau hauv daim duab. Thaum piav txog tib neeg, lawv cov xwm txheej hauv zej zog raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Nws tau piav qhia los ntawm cov ntsiab lus xws li khaub ncaws, headdresses, ceremonial accessories, uas nyob rau hauv txhais tes ntawm tus neeg depicted. Hauv lwm lo lus, tha xim ntawm Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws, uas yog ib qho nthuav heev thiab tiag tiag piv txwv ntawm kev kos duab, tsom mus rau qhov sawv cev ntawm cov duab.
Feem ntau ntawm cov duab kos duab (hauv cov txheej txheem tempera) tau pleev xim rau ntawm pob zeb lossis plaster, muaj txheej ntawm gypsum, straw thiab av nplaum. Raws li txoj cai, cov kws ua yeeb yam tau ua haujlwm hauv pab pawg raws li kev qhia ntawm tus tswv. Masters siv cov contours thiab cov ntsiab lus ntawm yav tom ntejcov duab, thiab cov kws kos duab pleev xim rau lawv. Lawv pleev xim nrog cov xim, uas tau txais los ntawm ntau yam txheej txheem tshuaj, txhua tus ntawm lawv yog cov cim zoo heev. Raws li nyob rau hauv medieval Europe, painting ntawm tim lyiv teb chaws tsis yog ib tug tshwj xeeb hom ntawm tib neeg kev ua ub no - khoom siv tes ua los yog ib tug kos duab. Hauv lwm lo lus, yog tias peb pom cov kws kos duab Egyptian hauv kev nkag siab niaj hnub no, nws tsis sawv cev rau tus neeg muaj tswv yim. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis tuaj yeem sau npe rau ib tus kws kos duab tshwj xeeb uas tau muaj npe nrov rau lawv cov kev ua tiav zoo.
Tau qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm Egyptian kev vam meej, feem ntau ntawm cov ntsiab lus hauv kev pleev xim yog txuam nrog cov duab ntawm vajtswv thiab vajtswv poj niam, cov vaj ntxwv yog ib tug ntawm lawv. Xws li txoj cai kos duab raws li txoj kev pom tsis muaj nyob hauv lub siab ntawm Egyptian artists. Lub ntsiab tseem ceeb tau muab tso rau ntawm qhov loj ntawm daim duab, qhov loj dua, qhov siab dua yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus neeg pom.
Ib yam kev coj noj coj ua tshwm sim hauv lub tebchaws thaum huab tais huab tais Amenhotep IV (Akhenaton). Akhenaten qhov kev hloov kho kev cai dab qhuas zoo kawg, uas tau ua raws li monotheism (monotheism), ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev kos duab. Nws tau los ua naturalistic, dynamic. Cov portraits ntawm cov neeg Iyiv cov nom tswv tsis tau ua tiav lawm, thiab qee qhov ntawm lawv txawm tias yog caricatured. Tab sis tom qab kev tuag ntawm Akhenaten, txhua yam rov qab mus rau cov kev cai qub uas ua rau Ancient tim lyiv teb chaws tag nrho. Kev kos duab txuas ntxiv tau txhais los ntawm kev saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb thiab kev txiav txim nruj kom txog rau thaum Hellenistic era.
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