2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37
Ntau zaus koj hnov lo lus "classic" lossis "classic". Tab sis lo lus no txhais li cas?
Classic is…
Lo lus "classic" muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus. Feem ntau cov lus piav qhia muaj ib qho ntawm lawv - cov haujlwm ntawm cov classics: ntawv nyeem, suab paj nruag, painting lossis architecture. Tsis tas li ntawd, lo lus no yog siv nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo rau ib co piv txwv ntawm kos duab, piv txwv li, "classics ntawm ib hom ntawv nyeem." Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau lo lus no tau hais los ua qhov qhia txog lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb hauv kev txhim kho ntawm ib hom kev kos duab, tsis txhob hnov qab tias tsuas yog ob peb, qhov kev vam meej tshaj plaws, suav nrog cov kws sau ntawv classical. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv, txhua yam uas tau sau nyob rau hauv lub 18th thiab 19th centuries yog suav tias yog ib tug classic. Nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua 20th, cov classics muab txoj hauv kev rau niaj hnub. Ntau tus kws sau ntawv niaj hnub nrhiav kev rhuav tshem cov kev lig kev cai yav dhau los, sim nrhiav cov ntawv tshiab, cov ntsiab lus, cov ntsiab lus. Lwm tus, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, siv cov haujlwm ntawm lawv cov thawj coj rau lawv tus kheej lub hom phiaj. Yog li, postmodern tej hauj lwm yog tag nrho ntawm allusions thiab reminiscences.
Classic yog qhov yuav ib txwm muajhauv vogue. Qhov no yog ib hom qauv uas tsim peb lub ntiaj teb kev pom, uas qhia txog txhua tus yam ntxwv ntawm ib lub teb chaws ntawm lub sijhawm tshwj xeeb.
Tus kws sau ntawv twg tuaj yeem hu ua classics?
Raws li tau sau tseg saum toj no, tsis yog txhua tus kws sau ntawv suav nrog hauv qeb ntawm cov classics, tab sis tsuas yog cov uas nws ua haujlwm tau cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab kab lis kev cai. Tej zaum thawj cov kws sau ntawv classical uas tau tso lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv yog Lomonosov thiab Derzhavin.
YMikhail Lomonosov
Nws txoj kev sau ntawv poob rau thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th. Nws tau los ua tus tsim ntawm cov qauv zoo li classicism, yog li nws tsis yooj yim sua kom tsis txhob muab nws tso rau hauv cov classics ntawm lub sijhawm. Lomonosov ua ib tug loj pab tsis tau tsuas yog rau cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis kuj rau linguistics (muaj peb yam txawv nyob rau hauv nws hom lus), nrog rau chemistry, physics thiab lej. Nws cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: "Sab sawv ntxov / yav tsaus ntuj Meditation ntawm Vajtswv tus Majesty", "Ode rau hnub ntawm Ascension …", "Kev sib tham nrog Anacreon", "Letter on the Benefits of Glass". Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias feem ntau ntawm Lomonosov cov ntawv sau paj huam tau ua raws li qhov xwm txheej. Hauv nws txoj haujlwm, Mikhail Vasilyevich tau coj los ntawm Horace thiab lwm tus kws sau ntawv thaum ub.
Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin
Classics ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th yog sawv cev los ntawm lwm lub npe - qhov no yog Gavrila Romanovich Derzhavin. Cov hauj lwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm tus sau: "Monument", "Felitsa". Los ntawm thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19, nws yog tus tshaj plaws poetic daim duab; tsuas yog Alexander Sergeevich tuaj yeem outshine nws. Pushkin.
Nws nyuaj rau npe rau txhua tus kws sau ntawv ci ntsa iab ntawm lub sijhawm. Lavxias teb sab classics yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov txuj ci npe. Cov classics suav nrog Fonvizin, Krylov, Karamzin, Zhukovsky.
Lub xyoo pua 19, hu ua Golden Age ntawm Lavxias teb sab cov ntaub ntawv, tau tig los ua ci ntsa iab dua li yav dhau los. Nws tag nrho pib nrog cov neeg txawj ntse tshaj plaws ntawm lub sijhawm - Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin.
Alexander Sergeyevich Pushkin
"Tib neeg cherishing tus ntsuj plig" - tus neeg thuam V. G. Belinsky muaj peev xwm ua tau ib qho zoo li no hauv Pushkin paj huam. Pushkin muaj peev xwm hloov cov lus Lavxias, nws muab nws lightness thiab simplicity - ib yam dab tsi uas cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th tsis muaj. Nws cov paj huam yog tag nrho ntawm kev zoo thiab qhov tseeb, nws yog permeated nrog kev hlub loj tshaj plaws rau txiv neej, rau lub neej, rau tag nrho lub ntiaj teb no. Nws tsuas yog tsis yooj yim sua kom sau cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus sau, vim tias daim ntawv teev npe loj heev. Tej zaum, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog hais txog nws qhov tshiab hauv nqe lus "Eugene Onegin", aptly hu ua Belinsky "ib phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Lavxias teb sab lub neej." Tag nrho cov kev hlub rau lub teb chaws yog embodied nyob rau hauv no me me lyrical-epic ua hauj lwm, ntxiv rau, Pushkin, zoo li tsis muaj leej twg, tswj kom muaj kev cuam tshuam lub ntsiab ntawm lub era, raws li zoo raws li tsim ib tug tshwj xeeb poj niam duab, uas tau txuas ntxiv mus nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv tom ntej.. Thawj lub koom haum uas tshwm sim nrog lo lus "classic" yog Pushkin.
YMikhail Yurievich Lermontov
Tus sau no tuaj yeem raug hu ua Pushkin tus ua tiav. Tab sis nyob rau hauv nws tej hauj lwm muaj tsawg lightness thiab openness, ntawm qhov tsis tooj, Lermontov cov lus yog qee zaum tsaus muag, qee zaum ua phem rau tib neeg. Lermontov mob siab rau nws txoj kev kho siab, nws so nrog tib neeg. Tag nrho cov no ua rau cov kab ntawm nws cov paj huam. Ib tug classic ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yog nws tshiab "A Hero of Our Time". Ntawm no tus kws sau ntawv tau ua haujlwm zoo li tus kws kho hlwb tiag tiag, piav qhia txog qhov sib sib zog nqus, tsis sib haum xeeb. Cov ntawv tshiab muab qhov dav dav rau kev xav, thiab qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov classics.
Nikolai Vasilyevich Gogol
Classic sau ntawv ntawm ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th taug qab lawv cov keeb kwm rov qab mus rau txoj haujlwm ntawm Gogol, thawj qhov tseeb hauv tebchaws Russia. Nws tej hauj lwm qhia ntau yam: hlub koj lub teb chaws, kho tib neeg lub siab hlub tshua, nrhiav kev phem ua ntej ntawm koj tus kheej thiab sim tshem tawm lawv. Cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws ntawm tus sau yog zaj yeeb yaj kiab "Tsoomfwv Kws Tshuaj" thiab paj huam "Tuag Souls".
Cov neeg sau ntawv ntawm ib nrab xyoo pua 19th
Ntawm cov kws sau paj huam, F. I. Tyutcheva thiab A. A. Fet yuav tsum tau hais txog. Nws yog lawv cov uas cim tag nrho cov paj huam ntawm lub thib ob ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua puv 19. Ntawm cov kws sau ntawv prose yog cov duab ci ntsa iab xws li I. S. Turgenev, F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov thiab lwm tus. Txhua qhov muaj tseeb novels qhib ua ntej peb lub ntiaj teb txawv tshaj plaw, qhov twg tag nrho cov cim tau kos vividly thiab tseem ceeb heev. Nws tsis yooj yim sua kom nyeem cov phau ntawv no thiab tsis xav txog dab tsi. Classics yog qhov tob ntawm kev xav, lub davhlau ntawm kev zoo nkauj, lub luag haujlwm ua qauv. Txawm yog cov kws txawj ntse npaum le caag thaum puab has tas txuj kevcai yuav tsum tseg nrug kev coj noj coj ua, tej yaam kws kws sau ntawv sau ua ke yuav qha peb tej yaam kws zoo nkauj tshaj nyob huv lub neej.
Pom zoo:
Classical Literature (Lavxias teb sab). Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv classical: ib daim ntawv teev cov hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws
Classical cov ntaub ntawv (Lavxias teb sab) yog ib lub tswvyim dav, thiab txhua tus muab lawv lub ntsiab lus rau hauv. Cov neeg tsim ntawm Lavxias teb sab classics yeej ib txwm muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv zej zog. Lawv yeej tsis ua raws li kev coj ncaj ncees, tsis tau npaj cov lus teb rau hauv lawv tej hauj lwm. Cov kws sau ntawv tau teeb tsa txoj haujlwm nyuaj rau tus nyeem ntawv thiab yuam kom nws xav txog nws txoj kev daws teeb meem
Muag Khoom Zoo Tshaj Plaws: Cov Qauv Suab Nkauj, Kev Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij Tshaj Lij thiab Kev Muag Khoom
Ntau lub sijhawm dhau los, tib neeg tsis siv discs, cassettes lossis cov ntaub ntawv yas, nyiam mloog nkauj hauv Is Taws Nem. Thiab tsuas yog cov kiv cua nyiam tshaj plaws tau luam tawm ntawm lub cev tawm, vim tias txoj kev no koj tuaj yeem txhawb nqa tus kws kos duab thiab ua rau lub cim xeeb ntawm cov khoom tom ntej. Yog li, qhov no yog qhov qeb duas ntawm cov khoom muag zoo tshaj plaws hauv keeb kwm ntawm noob neej, cia mus
Lavxias teb sab kws ua yeeb yam ntawm xyoo pua 18th. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws paintings ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th los ntawm Lavxias teb sab ntxias
Pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th yog lub sij hawm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Lavxias teb sab painting. Iconography ploj mus rau hauv keeb kwm yav dhau, thiab cov neeg ua yeeb yam Lavxias ntawm xyoo pua 18th pib ua tus tswv ntau yam. Hauv tsab xov xwm no peb yuav tham txog cov kws ua yeeb yam nto moo thiab lawv cov haujlwm
Phau ntawv loj tshaj hauv ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv nthuav tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Phau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb
Puas muaj peev xwm xav txog tib neeg yam tsis muaj phau ntawv, txawm hais tias nws tau nyob tsis muaj nws rau feem ntau ntawm nws lub neej? Tej zaum tsis yog, ib yam li nws tsis tuaj yeem xav txog keeb kwm ntawm txhua yam uas muaj nyob yam tsis muaj kev paub zais cia hauv kev sau ntawv
Daim ntawv teev cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws (cov phau ntawv ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st). Qhov zoo tshaj plaws Lavxias teb sab thiab txawv teb chaws detective phau ntawv: ib daim ntawv teev. Detectives: ib daim ntawv teev cov kws sau ntawv zoo tshaj plaws
Cov kab lus sau cov neeg tshawb nrhiav zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov kws sau ntawv ntawm hom kev ua txhaum cai, uas nws cov haujlwm yuav tsis tso tseg tsis muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm tus kiv cua ntawm kev ua yeeb yam
