Petersburg kws kes duab vajtse: Fedor Ivanovich Lidval

2024 Tus sau: Leah Sherlock | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2023-12-17 05:37

St. Petersburg - lub ntsiab facade ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws los ntawm cov teb chaws Europe. Raws li nws, tus cwj pwm ntawm Western xeev mus rau lub nroog tshiab thiab tag nrho Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws yuav raug tsim. Qhov no tau nkag siab zoo los ntawm Peter I. Tab sis Russia tseem tsis tau muaj nws tus kheej architects muaj peev xwm tsim ib lub ntsej muag nyob sab Europe tiag tiag ntawm St. Yog li ntawd, tus huab tais caw Western cov txuj ci ntawm no los ntawm kev cog lus, rau leej twg nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd hauv Tebchaws Europe. Thiab lawv mus. Feem ntau, tuaj "rau me ntsis", lawv nyob rau ntau xyoo, thiab txawm rau lub neej. Thiab tsev neeg raug coj los ntawm no. Thiab lawv lawv tus kheej ua hauj lwm rau lub tshiab sovereign, thiab lawv cov xeeb ntxwv, tau los ua ib feem ntawm Lavxias teb sab faj tim teb chaws los ntawm kev cai lij choj. Qhov no yog li cas lub neej ntawm ib tug ntawm cov nto moo tshaj plaws masters ntawm lig 19th - thaum ntxov xyoo pua 20th, tus kws kes duab vajtse Lidval F. I.

Biography

Baron Fyodor Ivanovich Lidval - tus tub ntawm ib tug pej xeem Swedish, tab sis yug tsis nyob rau hauv nws keeb kwm homeland, tab sis nyob rau hauv St. Nws muaj kev kawm zoo heev, zoo li ntau tus aristocrats: nws kawm tiavtsev kawm ntawv theem pib ntawm lub tsev teev ntuj ntawm St. Catherine, nyob rau ntawm Nevsky Prospekt, Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv Tiag thiab Lub Tsev Kawm Ntawv ntawm Kev Ua Yeeb Yam, thiab tom qab ntawd Academy ntawm Peb Qhov Noble Arts. Kev kawm txuas ntxiv hauv kev cob qhia ntawm Lev Nikolaevich Benois tau pab txiav txim siab cov qauv kev coj ua ntawm kev muaj tswv yim thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm cov tsev, uas tus kws tsim vaj tsev Lidval tau los nrog kev saib xyuas, muaj tswv yim thiab lub luag haujlwm.

Ntau tshaj 25 xyoo tus tswv tau muab nws txoj haujlwm, ntau dua 7 - nws qhia cov kws tsim vaj tsev yav tom ntej, npaj cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm cov txuj ci siab. Ib xyoos tom qab cov xwm txheej ntawm 1917 nws tau tsiv mus rau Sweden.

Fyodor Ivanovich Lidval tau ua neej nyob ntev thiab muaj xwm txheej. Nws nyob rau hnub nyoog 75 thiab tuag hauv Stockholm.

Tus yam ntxwv ntawm kev muaj tswv yim

Architect Lidval tau xaiv cov qauv tsim ntawm kev lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig raws li thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv tswv yim. Feem ntau ntawm nws cov tsev yog tsev tsev thiab tsev so. Tus tswv tsim nws cov creations nyob rau hauv cov style ntawm sab qaum teb niaj hnub. Raws li nws, lub tsev ntawm Lidval yog loj thiab monumental, lawv zoo li tsim kom kav mus rau ntau pua xyoo. Raws li kev xaiv, nws siv cov khoom siv hauv tsev - pob zeb thiab ntoo. Sparing nyob rau hauv décor, lawv saib nruj thiab yooj yim, tab sis tib lub sij hawm lawv khaws aristocracy thiab sophistication. Qhov ntsuas ntawm tus tswv lub tswv yim yog amazing.

Tolstoy House

Nyob hauv St. Petersburg, qhov no yog ib lub tsev uas nto moo tshaj plaws, ua raws li qhov project ntawm F. I. Lidval. Nws nyob rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm Fontanka River thiab Rubinstein Street. Vim li cas Tolstoy? Tag nrhoyooj yim heev - nyob rau hauv St. Petersburg, tib neeg feem ntau muab cov tsev tsev cov npe tom qab lub npe ntawm tus tswv tsev, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no M. P. Tolstoy.

Lub Tsev Tolstoy hauv St. Petersburg yog dab tsi? Lub tsev no tuaj yeem raug hu ua ib tus neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab, vim tias nws yuav luag yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm ntau cov yeeb yaj kiab nto moo ntawm Soviet thiab tom qab-Soviet lub sijhawm: "Koj yeej tsis tau npau suav", "Lub caij ntuj no Cherry", "Lub Adventures ntawm Sherlock Holmes thiab Dr. Watson. ", "Gangster Petersburg", thiab lwm yam.

Lub tsev, zoo li lwm lub tsev ntawm F. I. Lidval, tau ua nyob rau sab qaum teb niaj hnub style nws xaiv. Lub tsev cuaj-storey txuas ntxiv nrog lub tshav dav hlau loj thiab ntau lub arches zoo nkaus li monumental. Nws tseem yog lined nrog hewn limestone. Hauv qab ntawm lub façade yog qhov tseem ceeb nrog liab cib thiab plastered. Cov vaj huam sib luag thiab lub qhov rais oval-shaped, vases hauv niches tau siv los ua décor.

Astoria

Lub tsev so hauv St. Petersburg yog ib lub tsev ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Lidval, uas sib haum xeeb haum rau hauv cov khoom vaj tsev uas twb muaj lawm ntawm St. Isaac's Square. Nws nyob ntawm nws txoj kev sib tshuam nrog Bolshaya Morskaya Street thiab yog ua nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug trapezoid nrog ib tug nqaim, me ntsis concave sab nyob rau sab hnub tuaj ciam teb ntawm lub square.

Kev tsim lub tsev so nrog kev lees paub tias yog ib qho zoo tshaj plaws hauv Tebchaws Europe tau txais nyiaj los ntawm German lub koom haum Weiss&Freitag. Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project, Lidval tau pab los ntawm nws cov tub ntxhais kawm - cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab kawm tiav ntawm lub koom haum Polytechnic. Lub cheeb tsam uas tau xaivrau kev tsim kho lub tsev so tshiab, nyob hauv ib lub tsev uas ploj lawm ntawm cov chav rooj tog "Bristol".

Qhov kev tsim kho tshiab thiab tsim thev naus laus zis, tshwj xeeb ntau yam ntawm liab granite los ntawm Vyborg quarries, ntau cov iav thiab ntau hom ntoo tau siv hauv kev tsim kho ntawm Astoria Hotel. Txhua yam tau ua tiav raws li kev ntseeg thiab ntau pua xyoo, uas tuaj yeem siv tau tom qab, thaum Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib ib tab tom tshwm sim thiab lub tsev so tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov tub rog hauv nroog.

Azov-Don Bank

Lub tsev ntawm lub tuam txhab lag luam no tau tsim tsa raws li qhov project ntawm tus kws kes duab vajtse Lidval tsis deb ntawm Astoria, ntawm Bolshaya Morskaya Street. Ob lub tsev, ua ib sab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm ib xyoos, tau txais Northern Art Nouveau hauv lawv cov style. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov classics thaum ub - ib qho Ionic columned portico raws li kev txiav txim siab thiab pilaster kho kom zoo nkauj.

Nyob rau hauv kev tsim ntawm lub facades, ntuj pob zeb yog ib txwm siv - cov phab ntsa ntawm lub tsev txhab nyiaj yog lined nrog square slabs ntawm grey granite. Lawv muaj ib tug me ntsis nyem décor nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm garlands thiab medallions, uas tsis txawv xim. Kev txawj ntse siv asymmetry. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txij li cov phiaj xwm uas Astoria Bank thiab tsev so tau tsim tsa muaj qhov tsis sib xws, uas ua rau nyuaj rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm qhov project.

Niam Tsev

Ob zaug Fyodor Ivanovich Lidval ua tiav qhov kev txiav txim ntawm nws niam Ida B altazarovna Lidval. Ida B altazarovna tau koom nrog kev lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig thiabmuaj ntau lub tsev nyob rau St. Petersburg.

Pib, F. I. Lidval tau tsim kho nws lub tsev ntawm Bolshaya Morskaya Street, ntawm No. 27. Thiab ces - ntawm Kamennoostrovsky Prospekt, nyob rau hauv No. 1-3.

Thawj ntawm lawv, yuav los ntawm tus tswv qub Alexandra Afanasyevna Malm, kuj tau nyob hauv lub tuam txhab ntawm tus txiv tuag Ida Lidval - lub tsev lag luam khaub ncaws. Ib feem ntawm qhov chaw tau xauj rau lwm lub tuam txhab, piv txwv li, rau kev tsim khoom ntawm optics rau cov pej xeem, lub studio yees duab, thiab lwm yam. Lub reconstruction nqa tawm nyob rau hauv lub tsev los ntawm F. Lidval ntawm qhov kev thov ntawm nws niam yog txo mus rau lub installation ntawm elevators, me me kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv rau hauv pem teb 5.

Raws lub tsev thib ob, tag nrho cov hauj lwm poob tag rau ntawm tus tub lub xub pwg nyom. Lub xaib tau yuav los ntawm niam los ntawm Yakov Mikhailovich Koks ntawm credit, thiab tseem muaj cov tsev ntoo ntawm nws, uas tseem tshuav los ntawm tus tswv yav dhau los. Lub tsev yog li ntawd pib tsim nyob rau sab deb ntawm qhov chaw. Nws muaj lub tsev loj thiab ob lub tis, sab qaum teb yog tag nrho los ntawm Lidvals. Ntawm no lawv nyob, ntawm no Ida B altazarovna tuag. Lub tsev loj yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog lub sam thiaj, ntawm lub lattice uas yog Lidval monogram thiab nws lub npe. Lub tsev no txawv ntawm lwm tus thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, vim nws yog thawj lub tsev hais plaub-tsev hais plaub-tus neeg ua haujlwm nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov tsev.

Txhua plaub lub tsev ntawm lub tsev yog qhov siab sib txawv. Qhov siab tshaj plaws overlooks Bolshaya Posadskaya Street thiab muaj tsib plag tsev. Qhov qis ntawm lub facades ntawm lub tsev yog lined nrog grey granite slabs, thiab cov seem ntawm lub façade yog lined nrog potted vuas. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tsev muaj qab nthab thiab qab nthab ua los ntawm cov ntoo kim, thiab cov vuas majolica tau siv.