Joshua Reynolds: biography thiab creativity
Joshua Reynolds: biography thiab creativity

Video: Joshua Reynolds: biography thiab creativity

Video: Joshua Reynolds: biography thiab creativity
Video: Mus ua nyab rau yim hmoob tsis zoo 7/27/2017 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Joshua Reynolds (1723–1792) siv feem ntau ntawm lub xyoo pua 18th txhim kho thiab ua raws li cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim cov duab zoo meej. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos, nws dhau los ua tus paub txog tus tswv thiab theorist ntawm kos duab uas nws tau raug xaiv los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Royal Academy. Joshua Reynolds yog ib tug menyuam kawm ntawv uas tsis muaj kev nkees, tau txais kev paub hauv thaj chaw deb ntawm kev pleev xim. Tom qab kawm tiav hauv Oxford thaum muaj hnub nyoog 51 xyoos, nws pleev xim nws daim duab hauv lub tsho ntawm tus kws kho mob txoj cai.

joshua reynolds
joshua reynolds

Joshua Reynolds: Biography

Yausua yog tus menyuam thib peb ntawm Reverend Samuel Reynolds ntawm Plympton, uas ua haujlwm hauv tsev kawm qib siab. Leej txiv tus muam laus, pom tus tub lub peev xwm thiab nyiam kev kos duab, them nyiaj rau nws txoj kev kawm hauv kev cob qhia ntawm tus neeg pleev kob portrait T. Goodson hauv London, thiab tom qab ntawd hauv Ltalis. Viscount Keppel, uas nws tau ntsib, tau hais kom mus nrog nws taug kev mus rau Mediterranean. Ntawm txoj kev, lub nkoj tau mus xyuas Lisbon, Cadiz, Algeria. Yog li ntawd, Yausua Reynolds tau xaus rau hauv Rome. Michelangelo, Raphael, Titian, Veronese, Correggio thiab van Dyck muaj kev txiav txim siab rau cov neeg ua yeeb yam tshiab.

thawj portrait

Rov qab mus rau Askiv xyoo 1752Xyoo dhau los ntawm Florence, Bologna thiab Paris, Joshua Reynolds nyob hauv London. Nws tus viv ncaus Francis dhau los ua nws tus neeg saib xyuas tsev, thiab tus kws kos duab tau pib ua haujlwm tam sim ntawd yuav ua rau nws muaj koob meej. Nws pleev xim rau "Portrait of Admiral Keppel" nyob rau hauv lub pose ntawm Apollo Belvedere (1753). Tus hluas nkauj zoo nraug thiab yuag, thiab nws cov duab yog kev sib hlub.

joshua reynolds paintings
joshua reynolds paintings

Sab laug yog ib daim duab ntxoov ntxoo tuab, thiab sab xis, hauv qab huab cua ci ntsa iab, ships sway ntawm nthwv dej hiav txwv. Lub Yim Hli Keppel yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm nws tus kheej: cov yam ntxwv tsis tu ncua, cov ntsej muag zoo nkauj tshaj qhov muag loj, lub qhov ntswg ncaj, daim di ncauj me ntsis kov los ntawm kev luag nyav. Nws ntiab nws sab xis sab tes xis mus rau pem hauv ntej, thiab tus thib ob tuav rab ntaj hneev. Daim duab tsis zoo li qub, tab sis tag nrho ntawm dynamics. Lub Yim Hli Keppel tau piav qhia tawm tsam cov keeb kwm ntawm cov pob zeb thiab lub hiav txwv surges, nrog foamy yoj crests. Qhov zoo nkauj zoo nkauj yog cov silvery-liab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub ntuj, qhov kev xav ntawm uas poob rau ntawm lub tsho khuam thiab camisole ntawm tus admiral. Kuv nyiam zaj duab xis heev uas xaj pib tuaj txog tam sim.

Pub dawb thiab tag nrho ntawm kev yooj yim, uas yog qhov ua haujlwm ntawm tus tswv hauv lub rau caum xyoo, ib daim duab ntawm Nellie O'Brien. Nov yog ib qho ntawm Reynolds cov qauv nyiam.

joshua reynolds artwork
joshua reynolds artwork

Lub sijhawm no, Nellie yog tus hlub ntawm Viscount Bolinbroke, uas nws yug tau ib tug tub xyoo 1764. Daim duab zaum ntawm ib tug hluas nkauj yog piav nyob rau hauv close-up. Tom qab nws yog tuab bushes los ntawm cov rays ntawm lub hnub nkag mus. Lub teeb ci rau ntawm daim duab ntawm tus qauv thiab curly dawb aub nwstuav hauv nws txhais tes, thiab nws lub ntsej muag yog muab zais rau hauv tus duab ntxoov ntxoo ntawm lub kaus mom. Nws yog qhov no – calm, qab ntxiag, siab zoo – uas attracts xim tshaj plaws.

Club

Ua haujlwm hnyav thiab siv sijhawm hauv nws lub studio, Reynolds tseem yog ib tus neeg sib raug zoo. Txhawm rau ntsib cov phooj ywg, cov neeg siv khoom, cov neeg txawj ntse, cov tub rog thiab cov nom tswv, nws tau tsim lub club hauv 1764. Thaum xub thawj muaj tsawg heev, tab sis Sheridan kuj suav nrog, tom qab ntawd cov neeg tseem ceeb no tau loj hlob mus txog 35 tus neeg. Thiab niaj hnub no muaj ib daim ntawv memorial ntawm lub tsev rau nws cov rooj sib tham.

Royal Academy

Tus Tswv Cuab ntawm Royal Society of Arts, tus neeg pleev kob tau tuav lub koom haum ntawm Lub Koom Haum ntawm Cov Neeg Ua Yeeb Yam ntawm Great Britain, thiab xyoo 1768 tau los ua tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm Royal Academy. Nws qhuab qhia nyob ntawd. Lawv kuj lees txais William Blake, uas thuam tus thawj tswj hwm hnyav. Lawv yog cov neeg sib txawv heev - William Blake thiab Joshua Reynolds. Cov hauj lwm ntawm cov sau phau ntawv no, txawm nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov ntsiab lus, diverged nyob rau hauv ncaj qha opposite lus qhia, tsis hais lub zeem muag thiab tso saib ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Nws yog lub sijhawm xyoo no uas Reynolds tau los ua tus thawj coj ua yeeb yam ntawm King George III tom qab Allan Ramsay tuag.

Thaum lub sijhawm no, tus neeg pleev kob portrait tau yuav luag tso tseg, thiab nws tso nws tus ntsuj plig los tsim cov duab. Nws pleev xim rau cov duab ntawm tus poj niam Sarah Siddons ua lub muse ntawm kev xwm txheej.

Joshua Reynolds thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb
Joshua Reynolds thaum yau Story ntxiv Untold Biography Tseeb

Tsim los ntawm cov xim daj xim av, cov duab kos qhia cov neeg ua yeeb yam, so hauv lub rooj zaum, kos kev tshoov siab los ntawm kev twv ua ntej ntawm ob tus kwv tij tom qabrov qab ntawm tus qauv ntawm ob sab ntawm lub rooj zaum.

Nws pleev xim rau tus thawj coj George Kussmaker. Cov khoom no tawm tsam nws qhov kev zoo nkauj thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo heev.

Joshua Reynolds. Paintings nrog lub npe
Joshua Reynolds. Paintings nrog lub npe

Ntawm tsob ntoo, tus thawj tub hluas tab tom sawv hauv ib lub tsho caij tsheb. Cov xim ntawm nws tus nees yog nplua nuj, xim av, uas qhia tau hais tias zoo endurance ntawm tus tsiaj. Lub pose ntawm tus nees - nws xyaum qhwv ib ncig ntawm tsob ntoo - yog amazing. Tsis xav tias lawv ua rau tus kws kos duab 21 zaug! Lub portrait yog txawv txawv spectacular thiab romantic. Tus thawj coj tau them nyiaj ntau rau lub sijhawm ntawd - 205 phaus thiab 10 guineas ib thav duab.

Portrait "Tus Poj Niam Elisabeth Delme nrog Me Nyuam" (1779)

Tus poj niam zoo nkauj puag ob tug me nyuam. Ib tug dev fluffy zaum ntawm nws ko taw. Compositionally, lawv sawv cev rau daim duab peb sab classic, ib daim duab sib npaug heev. Tus neeg pleev kob hauv cov txheej txheem no tau coj los ntawm "Madonna nrog Goldfinch" los ntawm Raphael. Thiab cov keeb kwm yav dhau, pleev xim rau hauv cov xim xim av, yog qhov nco txog Titian thiab txawm tias Rembrandt.

pawg portrait
pawg portrait

Lady Delme yog elegant thiab zoo nkauj nrog ntshiab lus Askiv zoo nkauj. Nws lub ntsej muag yog oval nyob rau hauv cov duab thiab nws ob lub qhov muag muaj zoo nkauj hnyav lub hau. Tus poj niam cov plaub hau yog tuav siab thiab maj mam hmoov. Nws hnav khaub ncaws dawb yog npog los ntawm ib lub tsho liab satin. Tus me nyuam hnav ib lub tsho ntawm tib xim, thiab tus ntxhais, zoo li nws niam, hnav tiab dawb. Tag nrho cov qauv xim ntawm daim duab yog nruj me ntsis sib npaug. Txoj hauj lwm no tuaj yeem hu ua ib pawg neeg zoo tshaj plaws. Txoj kev no kuj tau siv los ntawm Joshua Reynolds. Cov duab ntawm nohom kev qhuas cov neeg siv khoom rau qee qhov, yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv, txawm li cas los xij, los ntawm cov duab tseeb.

Keeb kwm ntawm tus tswv yog qhov tsis muaj zog tshaj nws cov duab. Tab sis nws yog lawv uas Joshua Reynolds sau rau ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Catherine lub Great thiab Tub Vaj Ntxwv Potemkin. Cov duab kos nrog lub npe "Me Me Hercules Strangling the Serpent" (glorifies the yeej ntawm Russia), "Temperance of Scipio" (generosity) thiab "Cupid Untying the Girdle of Venus" yog nyob rau hauv Hermitage.

Autumn Life

Thaum muaj hnub nyoog 66, tus kws kos duab pib mob. Nws tsis pom nrog ib lub qhov muag ntxiv lawm thiab tsis ua haujlwm. Tus viv ncaus uas hlub (thiab Reynolds nyob ua ib tug bachelor) tseem ua haujlwm ntawm tus tu tsev. Kev kho qhov muag nrog ntshav tsis ua tiav. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm tus kws kos duab tsuas yog hnyav zuj zus, thiab vim li ntawd nws tuag thaum muaj hnub nyoog 69.

Nyob rau xyoo 1903, tau tsa nws lub monument rau hauv lub tshav puam ntawm Royal Academy.

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