Yuav ua li cas cov kab peev txheej tsim hauv Greek xaj

Yuav ua li cas cov kab peev txheej tsim hauv Greek xaj
Yuav ua li cas cov kab peev txheej tsim hauv Greek xaj

Video: Yuav ua li cas cov kab peev txheej tsim hauv Greek xaj

Video: Yuav ua li cas cov kab peev txheej tsim hauv Greek xaj
Video: Churches Saint Petersburg HD 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Ancient tim Nkij teb chaws yuav muaj kev txaus siab rau tib neeg. Txhua qhov kev tshawb nrhiav archaeological hais txog cov sijhawm nyob deb tam sim ntawd nyiam txhua tus neeg mloog. Thiab qhov no tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob, vim tias ua tsaug rau qhov kev vam meej no peb muaj ntau yam kev paub tshwj xeeb hauv txhua qhov ntawm lub neej. Kev ua lej, physics, astronomy, architecture, ntawv nyeem, tshuaj thiab ntau ntxiv tau txais kev txhim kho muaj zog hauv Greek zej zog, uas pab txhua tus tib neeg nyob rau yav tom ntej.

kem peev
kem peev

Cov neeg Greek thaum ub ib txwm siv zog ua kom tiav qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Kev zoo nkauj thiab kev sib haum xeeb tau raug hu hauv lawv cov kab lis kev cai. Kev ua tiav ntawm Greeks hauv architecture yog suav tias yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Lawv lub siab xav ua txhua yam rau qhov kev ua lej kom raug yog taug qab zoo kawg nkaus hauv kev sib haum xeeb ntawm architecture. Nrog rau qhov pib ntawm kev siv pob zeb ua cov khoom siv hauv tsev, cov qauv tshiab hauv architecture pib tshwm. Thawj lub tuam tsev pob zeb tau txais kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov ntoo qub qub ntawm cov xwm txheej dawb ceev. Txawm li cas los xij, dhau sijhawm, muaj ntau qhov sib txawv. Qhov no yog li cas qhov kev txiav txim Doric tau yug los. Lub kem tapering mus rau sab saum toj yog ntsia ncaj qha rau ntawm lub pob zeb platform (stylobate), nws tsis muaj lub hauv paus, lub peev ntawm kem muaj.round phaj - echinus thiab square - abacus. Cov kab kab dav dav - architrave - tau nteg horizontally saum nws. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim Doric, lub peev ntawm kem tsis tau dai kom zoo nkauj trim. Ib qho piv txwv zoo ntawm qhov kev txiav txim no yog Parthenon, lub tuam tsev muab rau tus vajtswv poj niam Athena, nyob hauv Athenian Acropolis. Nws tau tsim raws li tag nrho cov canons ntawm Doric xaj. Nws tseem impresses nrog nws zoo kawg nkaus xam proportions thiab txwv kev zoo siab.

sab saum toj phaj
sab saum toj phaj

Thaum tsov rog ntawm Athens thiab Sparta, qhov kev txiav txim Ionic tau tsim nyob rau hauv Greek architecture. Nws tau txais nws lub npe vim qhov tseeb tias nws yog nyob rau hauv Ionia. Qhov kev txiav txim no yog qhov txawv ntawm lub teeb pom kev zoo thiab cov qauv zoo nkauj, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm cov peev ntawm txhua kab hauv daim ntawv ntawm ob lub kauv ornaments. Lub Tuam Tsev ntawm Nike Apteros thiab Erechtheion tau ua hauv cov qauv no. Lawv kuj nyob hauv Athenian Acropolis. Piv nrog rau qhov hnyav ntawm Doric architectural order, Ionic ntaus lub qhov muag nrog ib tug yuav luag feminine elegance. Ib qho piv txwv zoo kawg nkaus yog lub npe nrov portico ntawm Caryatids hauv Erechtheion. Kev siv cov mlom ntawm cov ntxhais es tsis txhob ntawm txhua kab txhim kho lub tswv yim ntawm lightness thiab surprises nrog nws tej yam yees siv zoo nkauj. Tsis tas li ntawd ib qho kev tsim kho tshiab yog kev kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm abacus (qhov no yog lub phaj sab saud ntawm lub peev ntawm kem) nrog ntau yam zoo nkauj carvings.

kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub peev ntawm cov kab
kho kom zoo nkauj ntawm lub peev ntawm cov kab

Nyob rau hauv lub sijhawm ntawm Hellenism, txoj kev txiav txim ntawm Kaulinthaus tau nrov, nws cov yam ntxwv yog lub peev zoo nkauj zoo nkauj ntawm kem. Nws tau tsim nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug zoo nkauj curled acanthus nplooj. Kev siv Corinthiankev txiav txim nyob rau hauv interiors ntawm ancient Greek tuam tsev ntxiv qhov tseem ceeb thiab dawb ceev kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov chaw uas cov pej thuam ntawm cov vajtswv raug ntsia. Cov peev txheej siab xav tsis thoob ntawm kab tau tsim qhov kev xav ntawm qhov siab thiab qhov pom kev ntawm cov vaj tsev nyob hauv thaj chaw.

Tom qab ntawd, Doric, Ionic thiab Corinthian architectural xaj tau hloov pauv hauv canonical proportions, tau txais ntau dua lossis tsawg dua qhov yooj yim thiab lub teeb, tab sis tib lub sijhawm lawv yeej tsis poob cov cai ntawm kev sib haum xeeb uas lawv cov neeg tsim tau qhuas, thiab tam sim no peb ua too.

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