Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich: biography, muaj tswv yim
Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich: biography, muaj tswv yim

Video: Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich: biography, muaj tswv yim

Video: Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich: biography, muaj tswv yim
Video: 36th Hmong District Annual Conference Dr. Xeev Neeb Hawj 2024, Kaum ib hlis
Anonim

Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich yog tus kws sau ntawv thiab kws sau paj huam nrov. Nws tseem hu ua playwright thiab txhais lus. Ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th.

Thaum pib ntawm kev taug kev

Puppeteer Nestor Vasilyevich yug hauv St. Nws yug hauv 1809. Nyob rau hauv 1821, tus hero ntawm peb tsab xov xwm nkag mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv Nizhyn gymnasium, qhov chaw uas nws kawm 8 xyoo. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev cob qhia, nws tsis tau txais daim ntawv pov thawj, raws li nws tau raug liam tias yog kev xav ywj pheej. Nws pib sai tom qab Decembrist uprising nyob rau hauv 1825.

Nestor Vasilyevich tus menyuam roj hmab
Nestor Vasilyevich tus menyuam roj hmab

Kukolnik Nestor Vasilyevich pib kawm ntawv nyeem thaum nws tseem kawm ntawv theem siab. Tab sis nws thawj tej hauj lwm, hmoov tsis, tsis tau khaws cia. Lawv raug ntes thaum lub sijhawm tshawb nrhiav ntawm rooj plaub ntawm kev xav ywj pheej. Nws tseem sau ntawv tom qab nws tsiv mus rau Vilna. Nyob ntawd nws tau nrog nws tus tij laug Pavel, uas ua haujlwm ua tus xibfwb hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab. Kukolnik Nestor Vasilievich nws tus kheej tau txais ib txoj hauj lwm ntawm ib lub gymnasium hauv zos, qhov chaw uas nws qhia cov tub ntxhais hluas Lavxias teb sab ntaub ntawv. Hauv Polish, nws luam tawm ib chav kawm ntawm Lavxias teb sab lus.

Tsiv mus rau St. Petersburg tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv nws lub neej. Tus hero ntawm peb tsab xov xwm tsiv mus rau lub peev nyob rau hauv 1831. Ntawm no tuaj lub paj ntawm nws cov ntaub ntawvkev ua si. Qhov nrov rau Nestor tus Dollmaker tuaj hauv 1834. Tom qab ntawd nws qhov kev ua si hu ua "Lub Tes ntawm Lub Siab Tshaj Plaws Txiaj Ntsig" tau tshwm sim ntawm Alexandrinsky Theatre. Zaj yeeb yaj kiab tau raug qhuas thiab txawm tias Emperor Nicholas kuv nyiam nws.

Art of the Dollmaker

Cov kev tsim ntawm Nestor Kukolnik tseem ntxim nyiam nyeem. Nws yog qhov nthuav tias nws tau sau ntau yam. Cov no yog cov yeeb yam ua yeeb yam, thiab cov dab neeg taug txuj kev nyuaj, thiab keeb kwm dab neeg, thiab paj huam, thiab kev thuam kos duab. Tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm txawm sim nws tus kheej ua tus sau.

Nestor puppeteer paj huam
Nestor puppeteer paj huam

Xyoo 1838, ob peb ntawm nws tej hauj lwm ntawm kev thuam kev kos duab tau luam tawm. Nws cov kev tsim ua yeeb yam raug suav hais tias yog cov neeg thuam niaj hnub no raws li lub sijhawm hloov pauv los ntawm kev ua yeeb yam hauv keeb kwm ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th mus txog rau ib nrab xyoo pua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Dollmaker suav hais tias yog ib tus tsim ntawm zaj paj huam ua yeeb yam. Nws yog thawj tus kws sau ntawv Lavxias siv motifs thiab cov tswv yim uas tom qab pom lawv txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau ntawm nws cov npoj yaig: Marina Tsvetaeva, Alexei Konstantinovich Tolstoy.

Connoisseurs ntawm nws txoj haujlwm thov tias qhov kev sib piv pom tseeb tuaj yeem taug qab ntawm qee qhov haujlwm ntawm Nestor Kukolnik thiab Tsvetaeva qhov kev paub zoo txog lub voj voog "Romance". Tus sau kuj suav hais tias yog tus tsim ntawm keeb kwm tshiab ib hom ntawv hauv Russia. Nws cov kev paub dhau los tau siv hauv nws cov haujlwm los ntawm Alexandre Dumas thiab ntau lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm Puppeteer nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb tias nws yog ib qho ntawm thawj qhov piblos tsim ib hom kev hlub-taug txuj kev nyuaj nyob rau hauv tus ntsuj plig ntawm Frenchman Eugene Sue, tus tsim ntawm lub txim txhaum sensational ib hom ntawv nyeem, thiab Paul de Kock, uas nws lub npe tau txuam nrog frivolous ntaub ntawv rau ntau xyoo.

Nestor puppeteer ua haujlwm
Nestor puppeteer ua haujlwm

Tib lub sijhawm, hauv nws phau ntawv, Nestor Kukolnik feem ntau hais txog cov dab neeg los ntawm keeb kwm txawv teb chaws. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav hais tias yog thawj cov haujlwm keeb kwm thiab biography uas tau tsim nyob rau hauv kev tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Yuri Tynyanov, Olga Forsh.

Kev koom tes nrog cov kws sau ntawv

Ua rau lub ncov ntawm lub koob meej thiab muaj koob meej, Puppeteer tau nyob ze rau tus naas ej Lavxias teb sab composer Mikhail Glinka, nrog rau cov neeg pleev kob Karl Bryullov. Yuav luag txhua tus kws tshawb fawb txog kev muaj tswv yim biography tau lees paub nws lub hwj chim ntawm cov kws sau ntawv xws li Mikhail S altykov-Shchedrin, Taras Shevchenko thiab Ivan Nikitin. Tus puppeteer yog ib tus kws sau ntawv ntawm libretto rau ntau lub operas ib zaug. Cov no yog "Lub Neej rau Tsar" thiab "Ruslan thiab Lyudmila". Cov kws sau nkauj tau teeb tsa ntau yam ntawm nws cov paj huam rau suab paj nruag, thiab cov kev paub zoo nkauj tau tshwm sim. Nws sau nkauj rau cov ntawv los ntawm Kukolnik thiab Mikhail Glinka. Zoo-paub thiab hlub los ntawm ntau yog cov romances "Lub Lark" thiab "Ib Zaj Nkauj Dhau". Nestor Kukolnik koom tes nrog 27 tus kws sau ntawv hauv tag nrho.

Nyob hauv luag haujlwm

Tib lub sijhawm, Tus Puppeteer khwv tau tsis yog los ntawm kev sau ntawv nkaus xwb. Xyoo 1843 nws pib ua hauj lwm hauv War Office. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, nws tsis tu ncua mus ncig ua lag luam, mus xyuas ntau lub xeev Lavxias. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov uasnyob rau hauv lub European ib feem ntawm lub teb chaws. Kuv tau mus xyuas ntau lub nroog los ntawm Astrakhan mus rau Chisinau ntawm kev mus ntsib ua haujlwm.

creation ntawm Nestor tus puppeteer
creation ntawm Nestor tus puppeteer

Tus txiv dev tsis tso cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho, tab sis kev pabcuam siv sijhawm ntau thiab siv zog, yog li nws pib sau tsawg dua li yav dhau los. Tshwj xeeb, tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm tau kawm txog kev cia siab rau kev lag luam mining hauv cheeb tsam Donbas. Nws txoj haujlwm tau cuam tshuam loj rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam ntawm tag nrho cheeb tsam.

Lub neej ntiag tug

Xyoo 1843, tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm tau tso nws txoj haujlwm sau ntawv thiab mus ua haujlwm. Ib qho xwm txheej tseem ceeb tshwm sim hauv phau ntawv keeb kwm ntawm Nestor Kukolnik - nws tau sib yuav Sophia Amalia von Friesen. Nws yog German Lutheran. Tus poj niam nrog nws mus txog thaum kawg ntawm nws lub neej, sib qhia txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb thiab kev nyuaj siab, mus ncig ua lag luam ntev.

Ua ntej ntsib nws tus poj niam yav tom ntej, Tus Dollmaker raug kev txom nyem ob txoj kev hlub, raws li cov kws sau keeb kwm. Nws muaj nws thawj zaug kev sib raug zoo nrog Ekaterina Van der Fleet. Rau lovers, txhua yam xaus heev unexpectedly. Tus ntxhais txiv tsuas hais kom nws mus yuav Admiral Mikhail Lazarev. Tom qab qhov kev sib raug zoo no, Nestor Kukolnik pib sau lyric paj huam. Nyob rau hauv lawv, nws tus hlub yog nkaum nyob rau hauv lub npe Lenora. Vim qhov tseeb no, ntau tus neeg thuam tau pib liam nws ntawm kev dag ntxias ntau dhau thiab kev tsim cov duab. Tus kws sau paj lug tau raug thuam tshwj xeeb los ntawm Panaev, uas nws cov lus sau cia tseem ua haujlwm raws li kev ntsuas ntawm tag nrho cov haujlwm ntawm tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm.

nestorpuppeteer phau ntawv
nestorpuppeteer phau ntawv

Nws tus hlub tom ntej yog Maria Tolstaya. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm zaj dab neeg romantic no tsis paub. Kev txiav txim los ntawm Dollmaker cov paj huam, qhov kev sib raug zoo no kuj ua rau nws mob siab rau sab ntsuj plig.

Thaum Tsov Rog Crimean

Xyoo 1853, Kev Tsov Rog Crimean pom tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm hauv Novocherkassk. Nws tau raug xa mus rau lub tsev hauv paus ntawm Don Cossacks. Tus puppeteer yog tus saib xyuas muab cov tub rog. Kuv tau ua tiav qee qhov kev vam meej hauv qhov no. Xyoo 1857 nws xaus nws txoj haujlwm. Nws so haujlwm nrog qib ntawm State Councilor. Nws tsis rov qab los rau lub peev, nws nyob hauv Taganrog. Ntawm no nws ua hauj lwm rau kaum xyoo ntxiv. Tus puppeteer pib nquag koom nrog kev ua ub ua no. Nws ua raws li cov lus qhia ntawm Taganrog City Society. Nws txoj hauj lwm tseem ceeb heev hauv txoj hmoo ntawm Taganrog.

Puppeteer ua dab tsi hauv Taganrog?

Tus txiv neej no tau lees paub qhov kev xav tau tshwm sim hauv tsev kawm ntawv qib siab ntawm Don. Nws tau thov kom qhib ib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Taganrog nws tus kheej. Muaj tseeb tiag, nws ua tsis tau raws li txoj haujlwm no, tab sis nws txoj kev siv zog cuam tshuam rau kev qhib lub tsev kawm ntawv qib siab hauv Novorossiysk xyoo 1865.

Nestor puppeteer biography
Nestor puppeteer biography

Nws yog Tus Neeg Ua Lag Luam Doll uas tau tos txais qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub nroog ntawv xov xwm hauv Taganrog. Tom qab ntawd, lawv tus kheej tshaj tawm tau tshwm sim hauv Rostov-on-Don thiab Odessa. Nyob rau hauv 1865, tus hero ntawm peb tsab xov xwm pib coj ib tug ua hauj lwm pab pawg neeg uas koom nyob rau hauv xaiv ib tug railway txoj kev mus rau Taganrog los ntawm Kharkov. Txoj haujlwm no tau ua tiav nrog kev ua tiav - xyoo 1868, Emperor Alexander II tau pom zoo cov ntawv cog lus cuam tshuam rau kev tsim kho.kev loj.

Kev tawm tsam nrog Cossacks

Kuj, Kukolnik rov hais dua qhov teeb meem ntawm qhov xav tau los ntsuas kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig ntawm Taganrog Bay, uas yog Hiav Txwv Azov. Nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, nws strenuously nrhiav kom hloov tus thawj coj-koom haum qauv ntawm lub Azov ib ncig ntawm lub creation ntawm lub xeev Taganrog. Hauv qhov teeb meem no, nws tau ntsib nrog kev tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm Cossacks hauv zos, yog li nws tsis tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem no.

Nestor puppeteer nrog nkauj
Nestor puppeteer nrog nkauj

Ntawm cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Kukolnik, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum nco ntsoov txog kev hloov kho kev txiav txim plaub ntug, vim tias Lub Tsev Hais Plaub Hauv Cheeb Tsam tau tshwm sim hauv Taganrog. Qhov no tshwm sim sai tom qab nws tuag, nyob rau hauv 1869. Ntau ntawm nws cov kev pib ua rau muaj cua daj cua dub tsis txaus siab ntawm cov nom tswv hauv zos. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab nws thuam lawv hauv nws cov yeeb yam hu ua "Hof Junker". Txoj haujlwm raug txwv los ntawm tus kheej xaj ntawm Emperor Alexander II.

Txoj Kev Tuag Ntawm Tus Neeg Ua Lag Luam

Nestor Kukolnik tuag thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1868 thaum npaj rau kev ua yeeb yam. Nws muaj 59 xyoo. Tus kws sau paj lug raug faus rau hauv Taganrog. Lub ntxa ntawm tus phab ej ntawm peb tsab xov xwm muaj ib zaj dab neeg tu siab. Xyoo 1931, cov tshauv ntawm Nestor thiab nws tus poj niam tau raug desecrated. Cov tub sab, sim nrhiav cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub hauv lub hleb, qhib lawv thiab muab cov seem pov tseg rau hauv av. Nyob rau hauv 1966, pawg thawj coj ntawm lub nroog ntawm Taganrog tau tshaj tawm tsab cai hais txog kev faib cov av rau Krasny Kotelshchik cog, nyob rau thaj chaw no lub hav zoov Dubki. Lub Dollmaker lub tsev raug rhuav tshem los ntawm cov bulldozers. Cov seem ntawm tus kws sau ntawv tau sib xyaw nrog av nkos. Tom qab kev ua haujlwm tiav lawm, lawv tau tov nrogCov khib nyiab pov tseg.

Pom zoo: